The carburetor in the new “tens” models was replaced by an injector. This has increased the performance of the car, the engine runs more smoothly and stably. But, at the same time, there is a weak link here - the VAZ 2110 electric fuel pump, which creates the necessary pressure on the fuel injectors, supplying gasoline in a strictly dosed manner.
Electric fuel pump VAZ 2110
Although modern AvtoVAZ cars are equipped with fairly high-quality Bosch fuel pumps, they can fail due to our oversight, low fuel level, water getting into the tank, and other reasons.
Why does the fuel pump on the VAZ-2110 8 valves not work?
If the fuel pump does not work when you turn on the ignition, the cause may be:
- fuel pump relay
- fuel pump fuse
- the fuel pump itself
- wiring
- alarm (its blocking)
Let's talk about this now.
How to buy a good quality Bosch fuel pump?
On the market, a Bosch fuel pump costs half as much as mine. I will provide more accurate information, the retail price of a Bosch VAZ 2110 fuel pump on the market or in unscrupulous stores is $10 cheaper than purchasing an original Bosch fuel pump.
I buy it roughly for 300 UAH, from an official supplier and I know that this is the original, and a fake Bosch fuel pump is sold for 220-250 UAH at retail.
The Bosch fuel pump is in a sealed, durable package, the packaging bag is denser than usual, you can feel it. There is purified gasoline inside the package, if you smell it, then the seal is broken, which means there is a chance of corrosion inside the gasoline pump.
Submersible fuel pumps are lubricated and cooled by fuel. Due to low-quality gasoline and additives, internal electrical mechanisms are corroded. When working dry, the brushes overheat and wear out. The service life of the fuel pump is very long.
There were foreign cars that, after more than 25 years, decided to change the fuel pump, only for the reason that it began to pump poorly, such a car was a 1986 Honda Accord 2.0. It was amazing for me to hear when my grandfather, who is also the driver of this car, told me how he tested it.
He says, I take a jar, pour some water, turn it on the battery, I see the stream is weak, and I realized that he is already old. The pump was original, I personally held it in my hands. The pressure created by the fuel pump can reach 6-7 atmospheres; the Bosch fuel pump with the VAZ 2110 operates with this power.
Fuel pump power supply diagram
The fuel pump module looks like this.
- When you turn the key, positive is supplied to the fuel pump relay.
- The relay closes and already supplies power to the fuel pump itself. There is also a fuse built into the circuit.
Often, when installing an alarm system, a blocking relay is also built into this circuit.
This is a diagram of the main electrical components - simplified to make it clearer.
Verification algorithm
You should start checking by inspecting the relay and fuse.
On older machines, the positive wire often frays and shorts to ground, which causes the fuse to blow. This is a common occurrence.
The fuel pump relay and fuse are located inside the panel.
To access the block you will need to unscrew 3 bolts. They are circled in red in the diagram.
The fuel pump fuse and relay are marked in the diagram.
The fuse can be checked with a multimeter, but it is better to buy a new relay, it is inexpensive.
Put it in the car, it may come in handy at the most inopportune moment.
Characteristics of the Bosch fuel pump 0580453453
Especially for my readers, I got confused and measured the fuel pump that is on my display case. In fact, the characteristics of Bosch gasoline pumps differ in the length and very rarely in the diameter of the body. Why? The diameter of the body can be adjusted using a gasket made of petrol-resistant rubber.
Most often, the characteristics of fuel pumps (not only Bosch, but also from other manufacturers) may differ in length, pressure, location of terminal chips and that’s it :). The fuel pump mesh does not differ in seating, but it may differ in shape.
The chip for the terminal can be remade or supplied from the same VAZ. The length of the fuel pump is important, since its operation depends on this when the fuel level in the tank is low, and if it is in the module, then you need a match to install it.
Fuel pump length:
- Bosch fuel pump 0580453453 - 105 mm
- Bosch fuel pump 0580453449 - 65 mm
- Bosch fuel pump 0580453465 - 90 mm
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Checking the power supply at the fuel pump terminals
The fuel pump is installed in the tank. To access it you will need to remove the rear sofa cushion, it is not difficult.
The fuel pump is protected by a cover.
Fuel pump power supply.
When the ignition is turned on, there should be a voltage greater than 12 Volts at these terminals.
If there is no voltage, then you need to:
- ring the ground on the body. This is a white and gray wire. It is convenient to check the continuity of the bolt securing the rear seat belt fasteners.
- check the positive contact using a tester, or call it directly from the battery, etc.
Try to “fiddle” the wires; they often fray. The negative wire (ground) is connected to the handbrake bolt.
Check directly
It is necessary to carefully strip the wires and apply power to them. (As in the diagram)
If, when voltage is applied, the fuel pump shows no signs of life, then it is faulty.
Checking the electrical circuit
Unlike a carburetor engine, where the fuel pump is mechanically driven, on the injection VAZ 2110/2112 a special relay and fuse are responsible for the operation of this device. Therefore, before moving on to diagnosing the pump itself, it is necessary to check the indicated elements. If any one of them is faulty, the pump will not work at all.
Turn on the ignition without starting the engine and listen. When the fuel pump is running, it emits a characteristic “whistle” when started. If it is not there, it means that either the pump itself has failed, or one of the elements of its power supply circuit has failed.
The pump relay and fuse are located in an additional mounting block located inside the vehicle's center console. It can be accessed by removing the plastic trim (near the front passenger's left foot). It is secured with several screws. Under the cover you will find three relays and three fuses. Typically, the fuel pump circuit protection elements are located centrally.
The relay and fuse are located in an additional mounting block under the cladding
To check the fuse, remove it from its socket and “ring” it with a tester. If necessary, replace it, observing the rating (15 A). It is unlikely that it will be possible to check the relay for functionality without special equipment. But you can take another relay, for example, the radiator fan (far left), and install it in place of the one being diagnosed. Turn on the ignition and listen to see if the fuel pump starts working. If yes, buy and install a new relay. If the problem persists, continue diagnostics.
To check the fuel pump relay, you can install the radiator cooling fan relay in its place.
Advantages of injection models
The main function of the pump is to supply fuel to the combustion chamber. It must meet certain requirements. The main criterion is pressure.
The pumps for injection and carburetor engines are different. Thanks to the engine with direct fuel injection, there is no need for preliminary preparation of the combustible mixture. As you know, the carburetor is the weak link. Difficult adjustments, clogged jets, difficult starting in cold weather create inconvenience for owners of classic VAZ brands.
Tens and VAZ-2112 internal combustion engines have significant advantages. Let us note the advantages of injection units:
- support for environmental standards;
- direct injection into the combustion chamber;
- fuel economy;
- system reliability;
- increased engine power;
- starting a cold unit without warming up;
- dispensing a portion of the mixture;
- The fuel module is controlled electronically.
Unfortunately, the injector has a number of disadvantages. Maintenance and repairs have to be carried out at a service station. It also requires qualified personnel and a computer to determine the malfunction of electronic components. Let us point out other disadvantages:
- design complexity;
- high requirements for the octane number of gasoline;
- complex diagnostics and repairs;
- expensive spare parts and equipment.
Malfunctions and repairs
The fuel pump fails for various reasons. Often - low quality gasoline. It is important to remember: before removing the pump, check the condition of the filter and the supply voltage at the terminals. Pump malfunctions are varied: failure of the electric motor, breakdown of the impeller, etc. The diagnostic and repair process includes the following steps:
- the rear seat and carpet are removed and the iron hatch comes off (the pump is located under it) - use a 12mm wrench and remove it from its seat with a slotted screwdriver;
- after dismantling, use a screwdriver to unscrew a pair of side screws - they hold the fuel pressure sensor in place (the float must be in good working order);
- two blocks are disconnected (supplying power) - one is connected to the bracket, the second to the motor (before disconnecting, the clamps should be released);
- the coarse filter is removed (looks like a fine mesh) - just pry it off with a screwdriver and move the lock washer;
- the electric motor is pulled out of the plastic housing - just press the plastic down (there are springs inside) and pull out the cotter pin;
- unscrew 2 screws securing the cover - after which it can be removed along with the rubber bushing;
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When all of the above operations are completed, you can remove the engine itself from the housing and install another module. It is important to remember: if the rubber bushing installed in the housing is deformed or partially destroyed, it must be replaced.
Master node of the system
The VAZ-2110 fuel pump is equipped with an electric drive. Its body is lowered into the fuel tank. Gasoline is both a pumpable fuel and a coolant. It should be remembered that traveling with an empty tank is fraught with overheating of the VAZ-2110 injector fuel pump.
This electrical device is an independent unit. Accordingly, its operation does not depend on the state of other mechanisms. A necessary condition for rotating the VAZ-2110 fuel pump rotor is maintaining normal voltage on the on-board network.
The voltage comes through the ignition switch. When the key is moved to position 1, the circuit is closed to turn on the drive. The VAZ fuel pump fills the fuel rail. The engine is ready to start.
Models of fuel pumps for VAZ 2114/2115 cars
VAZ 2114/2115 cars are equipped with 1.5 cm3 and 1.6 cm3 gasoline engines with a distributed injection system. A submersible electric fuel pump is used to supply fuel. It is part of the fuel module installed at the top of the gas tank (under the rear seat). In addition to the pump, the module includes a fuel accumulator (cup), a coarse filter and a fuel level sensor with a float.
To supply fuel in VAZ 2114/2115 cars, a submersible electric fuel pump is used
The VAZ 2114/2115 fuel pump is a conventional DC electric motor in a sealed housing with a one-way valve at the outlet. An impeller of a special shape is located on the electric motor shaft. Its rotation ensures the fuel supply.
The fuel module includes a fuel pump, a fuel accumulator, a coarse filter and a fuel level sensor
The fuel pump is powered from the vehicle's on-board network. The electrical circuit of the pump, protected by a fuse, is closed using a separate relay.
Electric fuel pumps for VAZ cars are produced by both domestic (Utes, SAAZ, Pekar) and foreign companies. The latest modifications of the VAZ 2114/2115 are equipped with BOSH pumps, which are distinguished by their high reliability, long service life and relatively low price.
Design of the electric fuel pump VAZ 2114/2115
Catalog numbers of standard fuel pumps for VAZ 2114/2115:
- 2112–1139009–12 — for engines with a volume of 1.5 cm3;
- 2112–1139009–01 — for engines with a volume of 1.6 cm3;
- 580453453 (BOSH) - for engines with a volume of 1.5 and 1.6 cm3.
These models differ in operating pressure. The former are capable of creating a pressure of 2.8–3.2 kPa in the fuel system, the latter - 3.7–3.9 kPa. BOSH fuel pumps are rated at 3.5 kPa.
Diagnostic device
To determine the pressure in the main line, a device is needed. It's easy to do it yourself. You need to take a 10 atmosphere pressure gauge, a fitting and an oxygen hose with an internal diameter of 9 mm. We twist all the elements and tighten them with clamps.
The meter is connected to the ramp. To do this, remove the plastic cap from the end of the tube. Next, use a tire cap to unscrew the nipple.
Bleed off excess gasoline. Before draining the flammable liquid, place a rag to prevent gasoline from getting on the generator. Smoking and using electrified tools near the hood is strictly prohibited.
The free end of the hose is pulled onto the ramp. Secure the clamp. After connecting the battery, turn on the ignition. They take readings. The pressure of the VAZ-2110 fuel pump injector will deflect the pressure gauge needle to 3 atm.
After starting the engine, observe the movement of the needle. On working equipment, the pressure will be maintained within 2.8-3.2 units. If no deviations are found, then the VAZ-2110 fuel pump, injector and regulator are working correctly. It is advisable to remember the characteristics of the equipment.
The pump capacity is about 2 liters per second. If problems arise with the fuel supply, the pump must be replaced. Before checking the pump, make sure that the remaining elements are in good working order. The filter or mesh may be clogged. The fuel filter is changed and the mesh is cleaned.
Fuel pump characteristics
The technical characteristics of the fuel pump must correspond to those required by the manufacturer. Standard:
- rated operating voltage, V – 12;
- current consumption, A – 6.5;
- productivity, l/h – 60 (at a voltage of 13.5 V and a back pressure of 3 kg/cm2);
- weight, kg – 1;
- pump length, mm – 90.
The performance of the pump purchased for replacement should not be less than required. Otherwise, the engine will “triple” and the power will decrease.
Removing the pumping unit
Before starting work, you must disconnect the terminal from the battery. This will prevent damage to electrical equipment. In addition, replacing the fuel pump may cause a fire.
Let's prepare tools and materials. To remove the VAZ-2110 fuel pump, you need the following:
- Screwdriver.
- 10mm socket wrench.
- Collar.
- Open-end wrench 13.
- Rags.
The device itself is located under the rear seat cushion. To get to the installation location of the fuel pump 2110, you need to remove the seat. Under the casing we find a hatch. We unscrew the hatch. Disconnect the electrical drive connector.
Using an open-end wrench, unscrew the tips of the fuel pipes. We pull off the pipes. Using a spanner, unscrew the 8 nuts around the perimeter of the clamping ring. Release the flange.
There is a gasket under the pressure ring of the fuel pump 2110. The gasket is removed. It is better to change worn tires.
Then we raise the VAZ fuel pump together with the float. Gasoline will leak from the body. To avoid staining the interior, place a rag. There will be up to 1 liter of gasoline left in the old building. Drain it into the tank.
Assembly is carried out in reverse order. There is an arrow on the top of the cover. It should point towards the trunk. This is the correct pump position.
When replacing, do not forget to remove the float and level sensor.
These spare parts are installed on the new structure.
All operations, including preparation, will take less than an hour. After replacement, perform a test. Start the engine. Finally, you should check the fuel pump, make sure the connections are tight and there are no leaks.
How to Test a Mechanical Fuel Pump
To check a mechanical fuel pump, you will need the following tools and tools:
- screwdriver with Phillips bit;
- slotted screwdriver;
- key (head) 10;
- key to 13;
- 2 clean dry plastic bottles with a volume of 2 liters;
- a piece of hose (50 cm) of the same diameter as the fuel one; 1–1.5 liters of gasoline;
- caliper (ruler);
- stopwatch (clock).
Let's start with performance. A working VAZ 2110 mechanical fuel pump with a obviously clean filter should pump at least 1 liter of fuel per minute.
The verification algorithm is as follows:
- We lift the hood and find the pump.
- Using a screwdriver, unscrew the screw of the pump outlet hose clamp. Loosen the clamp and remove the hose from the pump fitting.
A performance test involves measuring the amount of fuel pumped over a specified period of time.
- We put a piece of prepared hose on the outlet fitting, and lower its other end into one of the empty bottles.
- Fill the second bottle with gasoline. We lower the carburetor hose removed from the pump into it. When the float chamber runs out of fuel, it will be sucked from the bottle.
- We start the engine, set the speed to 2000 rpm, turn on the stopwatch and watch the operation of the fuel pump.
If the amount of fuel pumped in 1 minute is less than 1 liter, the fuel pump is faulty
If the amount of fuel pumped per minute is less than a liter, the pump is faulty. The reasons for this may be:
- faulty valves;
- rupture of one or more membranes;
- clogging of the pump grid;
- wear of the drive rod (pusher).
We carry out further checks in the following order:
- Disconnect both fuel line hoses from the pump.
Disconnect the inlet and outlet hoses
- Checking the intake valve. To do this, plug the corresponding fitting with your finger and press the manual fuel pump lever several times. You should feel the vacuum (suction) with your finger. If it is not there, the valve has failed.
- Checking the exhaust valve. Place your finger on the outlet fitting and press the lever. The air pressure should be felt at the outlet. Otherwise, the exhaust valve is faulty.
When you press the manual pumping lever, you should feel a vacuum at the inlet fitting, and a pressure of air at the outlet
- If everything is in order with the valves, check the condition of the filter mesh. Using a 10mm wrench, unscrew the pump cover. We remove it from there and inspect the mesh for clogging. The grid is fine - let's move on.
The mesh filter should not show signs of damage or deformation
- Using a 13mm wrench, unscrew the pump mounting nuts.
- Carefully, so as not to damage the gaskets, remove the device from the studs, drain the gasoline from it, and remove the pusher.
Unscrew the two nuts and remove the fuel pump from the studs.
- Using a slotted screwdriver, unscrew the 6 screws connecting the 2 parts of the pump housing. We disassemble the device, remove the rod with membranes. Unscrew the top nut with a 10mm wrench and remove the membranes from the rod. We assess their condition. They should not have cracks, breaks, or signs of deformation.
To disassemble the pump you need to unscrew 6 screws around the circumference of the housing.
- Using a caliper or ruler, measure the length of the fuel pump drive rod. It should be 82.4 mm. If it is less, or the rod has signs of wear on any of its ends, it is unsuitable for further work.
The length of the pusher should be 82.4 mm
The fuel pump and its role in the fuel system of the VAZ 2110
In the “ten”, as in other cars where power plants for fuel are installed, the gas pump serves as an element that pumps fuel in the “fuel tank-motor” circuit. It supplies gasoline to the metering component, the function of which, depending on the design of the fuel complex, is played by either a carburetor or an injector in the injection engine system.
In cars of different types of fuel supply, an electric fuel injector pump is used, or a mechanical fuel pump on carburetor modifications. Accordingly, in order to buy a gasoline pump, you need to know what type of gasoline units are installed and operated in a car that requires repair of the fuel system.
To buy VAZ 2110 fuel pumps, the price of which is affordable for most of our car enthusiasts, should be factory-made. Of course, this part for an injection engine is structurally more complex and costs more, but the price limits are very reasonable and acceptable within their limits. In addition, the fuel injector pump, the price of which is higher than its analogue on a carburetor engine, is technologically more complex and has a number of significant advantages.
What kind of fuel pumps are installed on VAZ 2110/2112 cars
The fuel pump is considered the most important element of the fuel system of any car. So, depending on what type of engine the VAZ 2110/2112 model is equipped with, the choice of fuel pump will also depend. An electric pump is installed on injection cars, and a mechanical one on carburetor cars.
The family is equipped with fuel pumps produced by AvtoVAZ. However, these units do not have a high service life and reliability, so often car owners do not wait until the fuel pump fails and replace it.
Installed at the factory on every VAZ 2110/2112 model
Most often, fuel pumps (Russia) and “Bosch” (Germany) are chosen for replacement. Their quality and durability have been known for a long time, although their cost is several times higher than the price of AvtoVAZ gasoline pumps.
The German manufacturer ensures the quality and durability of the products
It’s worth mentioning separately about the location of the fuel pump in the VAZ 2110/2112: the device is not located under the hood. To achieve maximum optimization of the fuel pump, manufacturers install it directly into the fuel tank. That is, to get to the pump, you will need to fold back the cushion in the back seat of the car and open the hatch hidden under the carpet.
The fuel tank and fuel pump are located under the seat cushion.
The principle of operation of the mechanism
Product diagram for injection engines:
Mechanical products are used in cars with a carburetor fuel system, where fuel is supplied under low pressure, and electric fuel pumps in vehicles with fuel injection equipment, where gasoline is supplied under high pressure.
1. Fuel pump on vehicles equipped with a carburetor as a dispenser. The drive lever (pusher) is in constant friction, but the diaphragm shifts to the lower plane only when it is necessary to fill the product chamber with fuel. The return spring moves the diaphragm to the upper position, thereby supplying fuel to the dispenser. Composition of a mechanical fuel pump:
- Fuel filling chamber;
- Inlet and outlet type valves;
- Diaphragm seal;
- Return spring;
- Pusher (drive type lever);
- Cam;
- Camshaft.
2. Electric fuel pump on injection cars. Such a device is similar in operating principle to a mechanical prototype: the core is pulled into an electromagnetic valve until the contact group opens, blocking the flow of electric current. Composition of this product:
- Fuel filling chamber;
- Inlet and outlet type valves;
- Diaphragm seal;
- Return spring;
- Electromagnetic valve;
- Fuel pump mesh;
- Core;
- Contact Group.
For beginners, we inform you where the VAZ 2110 fuel pump is located: it should be looked for under the rear seat cushion of the car.
VAZ 2110 does not pump the fuel pump, reasons
First, let's look at breakdowns of mechanical refueling. All parts of a car engine are subject to aging and wear, and the life of a mechanical fuel pump also ages over time.
The main malfunctions in the operation of a mechanical device include:
- Valve fault.
- Diaphragm rupture.
- Shell deformation.
If the diaphragm is leaking air, the fuel pump may stop delivering fuel to the carburetor, or gasoline may pass through the ruptured diaphragm into the crankcase, where it mixes with the engine oil. When fuel gets into the oil, fuel consumption increases sharply and the engine begins to have difficulty starting, especially when warm. Checking the presence of fuel in the crankcase is quite simple - if you light the oil dipstick with a lighter, a fire will start. In addition, the sump will smell like fuel.
A common malfunction of mechanical fuel pumps is deformation of the mounting surface of the oil cylinder to the auxiliary housing. If the surface is deformed, engine oil begins to flow out at the meeting point of the planes.
Now about the electric fuel pump.
If it stops working, there may be several reasons for the failure:
- The fuel pump motor burned out.
- The relay has stopped working.
- The fuse has blown.
- Faulty electrical wiring.
- Engine control unit malfunction.
Signs of a fuel pump malfunction
Signs of unit malfunction:
- a metallic howl or increased noise during its operation is detected by ear;
- the product does not pump fuel or the contacts do not work;
- The power of the power unit is sharply reduced.
First of all, we check the pressure of the “tens” fuel pump in the common fuel system by connecting a pressure gauge to the fitting. If the pressure in the product is more than 3.3 kgf/cm2, it becomes clear that the malfunction is a defect in the pressure regulator, which requires replacement. If the pressure gauge readings are less than 2.8 kgf/cm2, it is necessary to replace the fuel filter of the fuel pump, which caused the defect. If the car continues to act up, it is advisable to dismantle the fuel unit and clean the fuel filtration mesh.
In other cases, the VAZ 2110 injector fuel pump is replaced, because repair of the product did not give positive results. Also, when checking this electrical device, it is necessary to test the fuel pump relay, which is subject to elementary “sticking”. It would be a good idea to check the unit's fuse, which may also blow out and require replacement.
Signs of breakdown
There are several situations in which the pump or its components can be at fault. This will definitely have to be checked. Otherwise, you can spend a lot of money buying and installing a new fuel pump, but in the end it turns out that the problem is completely different.
- The engine will not start. This is not a clear sign of problems with the pump, but still. Therefore, first check the condition of the spark plugs, the presence of a spark, and the absence of traces of oil on them. Also check the electronic control unit.
- Pressure inside the fuel system. If the pump is operating normally, it will create a pressure of 3.2 bar. Depending on the type of engine in your VAZ 2114, the characteristics may differ slightly: For a 1.5-liter engine, the optimal values are 285-325 kPa;
- For a 1.6-liter engine, these characteristics in optimal operating mode will range from 375 to 390 kPa.
New and old coarse filter
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Many people purchase the entire fuel module assembly at once, which includes a filter, sensor, float, intake chamber and the pump itself. Such a purchase will cost approximately 3,000 rubles. It is much more profitable and practical to buy a separate pump, which costs up to 1000 rubles. This is due to the fact that when the pump fails, the remaining elements almost always remain intact and are fully suitable for further use.
Replacing the electric fuel pump
Such a replacement is carried out in the following cases:
- failure or incorrect readings of the fuel sensor;
- weak throughput effect or defect in the fuel intake grid;
- failure of the electric fuel pump.
The tools you will need are a screwdriver and a 10mm socket wrench with a wrench.
- Reduce pressure in the fuel supply system.
- Using the fuel supply hose tip clamp, disconnect 2 hoses in turn.
- Disconnection should be carried out slowly, without using unnecessary force, so that the fuel block fittings remain intact.
- Unscrew the 8 nuts around the circumference of the clamping ring and remove it.
- A wire with negative polarity is attached to one of the nuts; it must be removed carefully.
- We take the electric pump block out of the fuel tank, tilting it slightly, to keep the fuel level indicator sensor lever intact, otherwise it will produce incorrect parameters.
- Remove the sealing rubber ring of the fuel block. If its properties are lost, the product must be replaced.
- Install the product in reverse order.
Important: during installation, the installation arrow on the electric pump cover must point towards the rear of the car!
Important: when installing fuel hoses, follow the direction of fuel supply indicated by the arrows!
Many people ask where the VAZ 2110 fuel pump relay is located? Let us clarify that this electronic device is located in a special recess on the front passenger side of the floorplane. You need to unscrew the plastic cover, there will be 3 relays. Closer to the hood is the required part.
Where is he located?
This device is located in the fuel line or in the fuel tank. Thanks to this placement, the risk of losses is significantly reduced due to the absence of suction lines.
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The design of the electric pump assumes the presence of the following elements:
- Electric motor.
- Pump housed in a metal casing.
In other words, this device consists of an electric drive and a pump part. All its components are in direct contact with the fuel. In addition to the above elements, the module of this device also includes a fuel flow sensor, a fuel intake and a strainer.
And the part we are considering operates due to the presence of two valves - a check valve and a pressure reducer. The first locks the system when the engine stops operating. The second one performs the function of maintaining pressure in the system, while part of the fuel is transferred back to the inlet.
There are several types of electric pumps based on their design:
Replacing a mechanical fuel pump
Unscheduled replacement of a mechanical type device takes place in the following order:
- We dismantle the air purification filter.
- Remove the fuel supply line to the fuel pump.
- First loosen the tightening of the clamp.
- Remove the fuel supply line to the carburetor.
- Unscrew the fasteners of the product.
Installation is in the reverse order. At the same time, do not forget to look at the arrows on the products showing the direction of movement of fuel to the carburetor.
How to change the mesh on the fuel pump of a VAZ 2110
The mesh on the fuel intake is a coarse filter. Thanks to the action of this element, large particles of dirt, ice, lumps of tar and rust deposits do not enter the fuel pump impeller. The first sign that the mesh needs to be changed is the car jerking during acceleration and poor traction when the fuel level in the tank is less than 20%.
Let's say you have already removed the fuel supply module, as described in the manual above.
Next you should take the following steps:
- Disconnect the fuel pump connector (very brittle on the VAZ 2110);
- Remove the retaining rings from the two guide pins;
- Separate the module into two, then into three parts;
- There is guaranteed to be an accumulation of dirt at the bottom of the glass. It needs to be cleaned;
- The mesh itself is attached to the central part of the module with a clamp;
- We remove it and clean the seat;
- Install a new coarse filter;
- We assemble the fuel unit in the reverse order and install it in the gas tank.
Before installing the hatch, you need to turn on the ignition several times and check the motor with the fuel level sensor for functionality. And also, check the tightness of the fuel fittings after dismantling. If everything is in order, then the VAZ 2110 fuel pump grid has been replaced successfully.
VAZ 2110 fuel pump is a common cause of breakdown
The new VAZ 2110 models use injection engines, which are so popular today. To confidently drive any car, you need to know what can break down in it in order to quickly fix the breakdown or prevent it. The fuel pump of the VAZ 2110 is one of the most vulnerable points of this car. If the fuel system is not properly maintained, it will quickly fail.
The fuel pump in injection engines is very important, since it is the one that supplies the fuel injectors with the required pressure. If there is no pressure or it is incorrect, the injectors will supply fuel to the engine in the wrong dosage.
Fuel pressure is measured in the fuel rail using a special device.
In essence, the device for measuring fuel pressure on a VAZ 2110 is the same pressure gauge, only for measuring liquid pressure. If the pressure in the ramp on a VAZ 2110 does not fit into the values of 3.6-4 atmospheres, then the car is faulty and needs to be repaired urgently, as this can lead to failure of the fuel pump, if it has not already failed.
Symptoms of VAZ 2110 breakdowns
If suddenly the car begins to twitch at high or medium speeds, this indicates a drop in fuel pressure in the rail. The same applies to the case when the engine develops dips or even stalls.
The fuel pressure in the system can drop not only when the fuel pump fails, but also when the RTD or even the injectors themselves fail.
The fuel pump on the VAZ 2110 constantly pumps gasoline while the engine is running. In this case, excess gasoline is simply returned back to the gas tank through the return channel. It is on this channel that the check valve is installed. To check it, use a pressure gauge. After the engine is turned off, the gasoline pressure should drop gradually, not suddenly. The slower the pressure drops, the better the quality of the RTD valve.
What is a fuel pump and how does it work?
The fuel pump is an integral part of every internal combustion engine vehicle and must be kept in good condition. Gasoline pumps usually fail in two situations: when the strainer becomes clogged (we’ll tell you how to replace it below) and when the owner drives on an empty tank.
In both cases, the fuel pump operates at full capacity and with large losses.
Note. Car owners should make it a habit to drive with an empty tank to help the fuel pump work longer.
However, in older cars, the fuel pump is not used at all, so the problem of its failure does not arise, but, of course, other problems may arise. However, in modern cars, the fuel tank and the engine are in different parts of the car, and the fuel pump pumps fuel from one part to the other.
Types of fuel pumps in modern cars.
There are two types of engines: carburetor and injection, which use different fuel pumps. Carbureted engines use a mechanical fuel pump and typically deliver the fuel at low pressure.
A fuel injection engine, on the other hand, delivers fuel quickly at high pressure and uses an electric type fuel pump (see VAZ 2110 Electric Pumps and all related content). The VAZ 2110 uses both carburetor and injection engines, depending on the vehicle’s configuration.
These fuel pumps have different connections, mechanical ones are attached to the fuel tank, and electric fuel pumps are located directly in the fuel tank. There is also a version of the VAZ 2110 with two pumps - the first is connected to the fuel tank and operates at low power, and the second is located directly in the engine and operates at very high power.
Electric fuel pumps work as follows: they pump fuel into the engine, the rate of fuel pumping depends on which engine is installed in the car. If the engine is powerful, the pushing speed will be high, but if the engine is quite weak, the pushing speed will be low.
Note. The speed of the electric fuel pump is controlled by the vehicle's electronic system.
On the other hand, older cars do not have an electric fuel pump, and the fuel flow rate is not regulated in any way. Older pumps delivered fuel at a constant rate, which prevented the engine from stalling.
Electric fuel pumps are very, very noisy, so they are installed directly into the fuel tank. They heat up very quickly, but the fuel in the tank cools the fuel pump and muffles any additional noise.
Where is the VAZ 2110 fuel pump located?
It is located in the direct fuel tank of a domestic car. Let's discuss the details of the VAZ 2110 injector fuel pump.
Fuel pump circuit (electric)
The design of the electric fuel pump 2110 itself is very simple - the unit is an electric motor that is powered by a voltage of 12 volts. The engine is installed in a housing, at the inlet of which there is a sieve - a coarse filter. The filter element prevents dirt particles from penetrating into the pump housing, thereby protecting the unit from clogging and possible failure.
The electrical circuit of the VAZ fuel pump includes the following.
- Ignition.
- Fusion.
- Wiring.
- Wiring.
- The engine control unit.
When you turn the ignition key, power is supplied to the CV terminal through the relay, and the pump begins to pump gasoline. As soon as the fuel inlet pipe is filled with gasoline, the ECU (control unit) sends a command through a relay to turn off the voltage - the fuel system is ready to start the engine, and all that remains is to start the engine using the starter.
Fuel pump relay VAZ 2110
Relays in any circuit are designed to open and close a circuit, and their primary function is to protect circuit components from high inrush currents. The current required to start an internal combustion engine reaches 80-300 amps on a crank starter, and any component in the circuit can be damaged if a relay is not installed.
The VAZ 2110 fuel pump relay is a standard type; inside the plastic case there is a solenoid coil with an iron core, which closes the contacts when voltage is applied due to an electromagnetic field. Relay 2110 - four contacts, rated for 30 amperes.
Design features of fuel pumps for carburetor and injection fuel injection systems
The mechanical fuel pump installed on the first modifications of the VAZ 2110/2112 has a simple design. It is based on a set of membranes made of special rubber fabric that resists the chemical effects of gasoline. The pump body has two valves: inlet and outlet. The membrane is driven by a piston rod (pusher). It is moved by a cam mechanism with a rotating camshaft.
Such a mechanical fuel pump can be used for decades until the drive rod wears out or the diaphragm ruptures. And if this happens, these components can be replaced within half an hour.
The first modifications of the VAZ 2110 with a carburetor injection system were equipped with a mechanical fuel pump
With an electric fuel pump everything is much more complicated. It is based on a small electric motor. It is no different from a conventional pump, but operates completely immersed in gasoline. The pressure in the system is not pumped up using a membrane (although such a pump exists), but using a specially shaped impeller mounted on the engine shaft.
The service life of the electric fuel pump is 150-200,000 km. But he may fail even sooner. Additives added to gasoline, as well as various types of mechanical impurities, are the main reasons for the failure of unused resources. The first can damage the brushes and commutators, the second can clog the valve mechanism.
The fuel pump of VAZ 2110/2112 engines with fuel injection has an electrical design and is part of a submersible fuel module.
Types of fuel pumps
Some older models do not have such a device as a fuel pump at all. This is an old and ineffective solution, and we hope you never have to deal with this problem.
Today, two types of fuel pumps are installed on the VAZ 2110 - mechanical and electronic.
- The mechanical one is considered a classic solution and is located outside the fuel tank. It works on a simple principle - the gas pump takes fuel from the fuel tank, i.e. sucks it in. Due to the short distance between the pump and the carburetor, it can work quite well at low pressure.
- An electronic pump is a more modern type of pump installed in a tank. This is due to a higher noise level during operation compared to analogues. Its operation depends entirely on the electronic system, which takes into account several factors simultaneously. Current throttle position.
- Exhaust air content.
- Air/fuel ratio, etc.
Many people want to know where the fuel pump fuse is located on a VAZ 2110.
Answer: It is located at the bottom of the console when viewed from the passenger side. The one on the far right is what you're looking for. Although they are usually assembled in a random order, so the arrangement may vary.
Fuel pump fuse VAZ 2110
The electric pump used to supply fuel operates under pressure, which causes some noise. Because of this, the fuel pump is installed deep in the vehicle's fuel tank. As a result, the fuel is cooled and the pump is turned off.
The pump is driven by an electric motor. When the ignition is turned on, the on-board system sends a signal to the pump and it begins to supply fuel.
In some cases, the pump is charged with electricity. This causes the engine to run for several minutes, which establishes pressure in the fuel system.
Please note that if the computer does not send a start signal to the pump after 3 seconds, it will automatically shut down. This is why we hear the engine pump for the first few seconds.
If there is no pressure in the fuel rail of a VAZ 2110, it is recommended to replace the fuel pump with a new one. Practice has shown that it makes no sense to repair it. This is a long and labor-intensive process that is extremely unreliable from a financial point of view.
Principle of operation.
Fuel from the fuel pump enters the fuel rail through the fuel line, having previously passed through a fine filter. A fuel wiper is connected to the injector. The latter injects fuel into the engine manifold at the command of the ECU.
The pressure regulator is part of the ramp and helps maintain the required pressure. It returns excess pressure back to the fuel tank through the fuel line.
Fuel pump diagnostics
If the gas tank is full, the battery is in good condition, the spark plugs are dry and give a spark, and the starter rotates the engine, then the reason is the fuel pump. The most common reason is that after turning on the ignition, there is no power supplied to the fuel pump. In the same way, it manifests itself when the car is moving, when the power is lost and the engine begins to stall. Another important nuance is the supply of the required amount of fuel.
The pump may be working, producing a hum and buzzing, that is, power is supplied, but not producing the required pressure.
The pressure in the fuel system with a working fuel pump is considered normal to be more than 3 bar. This pressure is collected in the fuel rail and corresponds to a value of 300 kPa. To check the condition, you need to take a pressure gauge and measure the pressure in the fuel rail, taking into account those indicators that are considered normal for each individual model.
For a VAZ-2110 with an injector, the pressure at the moment the ignition is turned on should show no less than three atmospheres, at idle speed - 2.5, and when the gas pedal is pressed - from 2.5 to 3 atmospheres. This method allows you to accurately determine:
- Failure of the rail pressure regulator.
- Fuel pump malfunction or decreased performance due to wear.
- Severe contamination of the filter or mesh.
A decrease in pressure leads to the fact that the engine does not start or starts with difficulty, it begins to stall, and dips appear during operation. If the pump is to blame, then the fuel pump coarse strainer may be clogged. In this situation, there is no need to change the entire unit; you can clean the mesh or install a new one. If you suspect that the fuel pump is not receiving power, you need to turn on the ignition and listen. A slight buzzing or hum should be heard when the fuel pump is operating. And if you don’t hear anything, then there is a problem with the operation of the fuel pump or the wiring to it.
The main list of reasons why the fuel pump on a VAZ-2110 car does not pump includes:
- fuse malfunction;
- non-working relay;
- motor failure;
- oxidation of contacts in the wiring leading to the fuel pump;
- fuel pump failure.
Wiring
On almost all car models, the wiring to the fuel pump consists of three wires: “positive”, “negative” and a wire for determining the amount of fuel in the tank. If the fuel pump stops pumping, the wiring may be damaged. You can check the power using a 12 W lamp, powering it from the external connector of the fuel pump. When the ignition is turned on, the light should light up. If not, then the external circuit is broken somewhere.
To check the external wiring, you need to connect in turn the “positive” and “negative” contacts removed from the fuel pump power connector. It is necessary to close the “negative” contact to ground, after which the light will light up when the ignition is turned on. So, it can be determined that the contact is inoperative. If the lamp does not light up, then the “positive” contact is damaged. Placing a contact on the relay in which the light does not light up, there may be a problem with the wiring in the section from the relay to the fuel pump.
Electric motor
If searching for a problem in the fuel rail and wiring does not produce results, you need to check the fuel pump motor. It is responsible for circulating fluid in the internal part of the fuel pump. When checking, it is necessary to take into account that after a certain period of time the terminals on the fuel pump may oxidize and there will be no power. This is also often the reason why the fuel pump stops working. This means that the motor is most likely working, but the terminals need to be cleaned and tightened.
Ground contact
Problems with the fuel pump ground can be indicated by an incorrectly indicating fuel level sensor. Poorly secured ground can cause the fuel pump to stop pumping fuel. The ground wire is located under the dashboard and runs through the entire interior of the car. You need to find it, clean the contacts and secure it properly to the fuel pump.
Characteristics of the Bosch VAZ 2110 fuel pump (pressure and performance): 10 comments
I still don’t understand, Bosch is a good fuel pump, is it worth installing on the VAZ 21099? Who installed it, please share your feedback?
A fuel pump from a VAZ 2110, also known as Bosch, is ideal for a large number of cars and even motorcycles.
what is the performance? liters per hour
Well done! Correctly explained to the idiots))) vodka is haha complete))) The difference in the density of gasoline and alcohol is huge))) Why didn’t he test with water? The pump would have been ruined right away, and there would have been no suffering))) The injection pump in this case is lubricated with gasoline. Air, water - work without lubrication. The gears of the fuel injection pump are second-layer plastic (I won’t say, but plastic??) when dry they melt very quickly. The beginning of the end of this unit has dried out! A gap appears. Wait for him to tell you - we’ve arrived))) Yes, and as for whether you’re a Bosch or not, the author has the complete truth.
They wrote you some water and poured some water instead of vodka, you’re just thinking about booze))))
Is it possible to install it on a BMW E60 2008? The pump on the E60 pumps about 5 bar, will the pump from 2110 work normally?
Even for M50b20 it is not enough
on the Jeep Grand Cherokee 1993, the 5.2 v 8 engine is installed only after 2 years.
I was driving in winter and broke down on the highway. Ford S Max 2007 Kind people suggested the service and delivered it. Since there were no money on the original Ford one, 16,000. They installed the Boshevskiy from a VAZ 2110. In general, I paid 3000, I drive and don’t worry, I’m still trying to install the original but I can’t get around to it. The car drives no worse than the original one. The only problem is when there are 10 liters of fuel left, the dip in the ascent sometimes doesn’t suck.
