We repair and change the wiring on a VAZ 2110 according to the electrical diagram

The correct operation of a vehicle depends on the performance of many components, in particular, we are talking about the electrical system of the car. If problems occur in the wiring, this can affect the performance of the engine as a whole, so every car owner must understand the electrical circuit. What is the electrical circuit of the VAZ 2110, what malfunctions are typical for it and what needs to be done as a preventive measure? Read about it below.

How is the wiring built?

Regardless of which engine is used in the car, the wiring has common features. To understand them, you need to know the basic principles of electrical construction. And you will need a detailed electrical diagram of the VAZ-2110 (injector) with a description. Here are the main features:

1. All devices and equipment that are connected to the electrical wiring in VAZ-2110 vehicles operate according to a single-wire circuit. All wires differ in color from each other and are responsible for the functioning of certain components and assemblies. This makes electrical wiring repairs much easier. And for the manufacturer this is a significant saving on wires.
2. The car body is used as a negative wire. On the VAZ-2110 (8-valve injector), the electrical circuit is built on exactly this principle.
3. The positive terminal that comes from the battery to consumers is always red. Therefore, when installing equipment, be sure to use only red wires to connect to the “+” power supply. The negative wire is always black.
4. Each system connected to electrical equipment is equipped with a wiring harness.
5. The electrical circuit of the VAZ-2110 (16-valve injector) is designed so that when the battery is connected, the electrical equipment is energized. It is for this reason that during any electrical repair it is necessary to disconnect the negative terminal.
6. All circuits are protected by fuses. Relays are used to switch on powerful electricity consumers.

These features are typical for both carburetor and injection engines. On the VAZ-2110 (8-valve injector), the electrical circuit has exactly these features.

Legend

For ease of maintenance and installation, the electrical wires in the diagrams are made in different colors, identically laid in the car, so that their purpose can be visually determined.

For brevity, colors are indicated by the first letters of the name:

1. Blue – “G”;
2. Brown – “K”;
3. Gray – “C”;
4. White – “B”;
5. Orange – “O”;
6. Yellow – “F”;
7. Black – “H”;
8. Green – “Z”;
9. Pink - "R".

Thanks to the colors, it is easy to determine whether the rein belongs to a particular chain

For reference: the red wire is traditionally used to supply power from the positive terminal of the generator or battery. Therefore, in all diagrams contained in the factory instructions, it is designated by the letter “P”.

The article Wiring diagram for VAZ 21074 injector: understanding the intricacies will also be useful.

Carburetor engines

The very first VAZ-2110 cars, produced since the mid-nineties, were equipped only with engines with a carburetor injection system. Injection engines began to be installed at the beginning of the two thousandth. They are much better, they work more stable, but still many motorists still use cars with carburetor injection. Today they are not uncommon.

There are no significant differences in the electrical circuit between the injection and carburetor options. On carburetor “tens” the systems are almost the same as on injection ones. But you will definitely encounter a problem when replacing a carburetor with an injector. You will have to additionally lay several braids of electrical wiring. They are necessary to power the sensor system, electric fuel pump, on-board computer and other components.

Injection injection system

For VAZ-2110 cars (8-valve injector), the electrical circuit differs slightly from that used in carburetor cars. Injection engines are much more complex, since they have an electronic control unit and a system of sensors and actuators. It is also worth noting that injection engines come with 8 and 16 valves. There are no carburetor engines with 16 valves. All wiring can be divided into engine compartment and interior wiring.

Their purpose is clear from the name. The engine compartment connects elements such as the starter, generator, sensors on the engine, etc. Interior wiring is necessary to connect the instrument panel, backlights, and various switches.

Modifications of the VAZ-2112 car

VAZ-21120. Modification with a 16-valve injection engine with a volume of 1.5 liters and a power of 93 horsepower. 14-inch wheels were installed on the car. This modification has a problem with valves bending when the timing belt breaks. The problem can be solved by increasing the depth of the grooves in the piston bottoms.

VAZ-21121. The car was equipped with a VAZ-21114 8-valve injection engine with a volume of 1.6 liters and a power of 81 horsepower.

VAZ-21122. Budget modification with an 8-valve injection engine VAZ-2111. The car was produced without electric windows, the wheels were 13 inches in size, and the brakes were unventilated from a VAZ-2108 car.

VAZ-21123 Coupe. Three-door, five-seater hatchback. The only two doors for entering the car are 200 millimeters wider than those of the five-door hatchback, and they are mounted on new, durable hinges. The rear arches of the car have become wider. The engine was installed with a 16-valve injection engine with a volume of 1.6 liters and a power of 90 horsepower. The car was produced from 2002 to 2006 in small quantities, the reason for this was the high cost of the car.

VAZ-21124. Modification with a 16-valve injection engine VAZ-21124 with a volume of 1.6 liters. Produced from 2004 to 2008. For this type of engine, the problem with valve bending was solved. To do this, the depth of the grooves in the piston heads was increased (up to 6.5 mm). In addition, the design of the cylinder block was changed to achieve a working volume of 1.6 liters, for which its height was increased by 2.3 mm, and the radius of the crankshaft was increased by 2.3 mm accordingly. There were also a number of other minor changes.

VAZ-21128. The luxury version of the car, produced by Super-auto JSC, was equipped with a 16-valve VAZ-21128 engine with a volume of 1.8 liters and a power of 105 horsepower.

VAZ-2112-37. A racing modification of the VAZ-2112, prepared for the “ring” in the Lada Cup qualifying group. The car was equipped with a 1.5-liter VAZ-2112 engine with a power of 100 horsepower. The racing car was equipped with a safety cage, an external aerodynamic kit and a front extension of the strut support cups.

VAZ-2112-90 Tarzan. All-wheel drive modification with a VAZ-2112 body on a frame chassis with transmission and suspension parts from a VAZ-21213 Niva. It was also equipped with a 1.7 or 1.8 liter engine from the Niva.

This is interesting: Which oil filter is better for the Chevrolet Niva - survey

How to look for faults?

In case of almost any breakdown in electrical wiring, the first step is to diagnose the contacts. To check their condition, you need to carefully inspect all the wires that are laid in the harness. You can do this in several ways:

1. Visual inspection to determine integrity.
2. Full inspection of the integrity of connections and their reliability.
3. Checking the wires using a multimeter with the battery disconnected.

On carburetor and injection engines, it is imperative to pay attention to the wires that transmit high voltage to the spark plugs.

If they are damaged, the engine will run unstably. Signs of failure of high-voltage wires:

1. Extraneous noise when the engine is running.
2. The car may jerk while driving.
3. Gasoline consumption increases.
4. Unstable operation at low speeds.

Therefore, before sinning on any sensors, make sure that the high-voltage wires and the ignition module are in good condition.

Prevention measures

What preventative measures will help avoid wiring problems:

• any electrical repair work must be carried out with the battery disconnected,
• in turn, disconnecting the battery terminals, as well as connecting them, should only be done with the ignition off,
• if the fuses break, it is possible to install only standard devices (any homemade parts made from pieces of wire cannot be installed), corresponding to the nominal value,
• When the engine is running, you cannot disconnect the battery, as this may cause problems with the generator,
• You should always monitor the condition of the generator drive belt; there should be no signs of damage or defects,
• welding work must be carried out with the battery and generator disconnected, as well as the computer, as this can cause serious damage,
• Periodically you need to clean the battery terminals.

Starter connection

An electric starter is used to start the engine. It is a simple DC motor. The whole system works as follows:

1. When the ignition is turned on, the rotor winding of the generator is energized, resulting in a constant magnetic field being created around it. This is a necessary condition for the operation of the generator set.
2. As soon as the key is turned to the “Start” position, voltage is applied to the relay coil.
3. Together with the retractor relay core, the gear and overrunning clutch move along the starter rotor. As a result, the gear meshes with the flywheel ring.
4. At the same time, the core closes the power contacts inside the solenoid relay.
5. Voltage is applied to the starter winding, the rotor begins to rotate and spins the engine crankshaft.
6. The generator begins to produce current as the magnetic field rotates inside the stator winding.

Interior heating system

The VAZ-2110 stove consists of a radiator, fan, and air duct system. Using a fan, the radiator is blown and air (hot) is supplied to special channels. The electrical circuit of the VAZ-2110 heater also includes a damper position regulator. In essence, this is a regular stepper motor.

It allows you to move the damper, changing the angle of its opening, as well as the amount of cold air entering the heater from outside. The blower fan electric motor is connected through a specially designed switch. It has several positions, each of which corresponds to a specific rotation speed.

The fan speed is adjusted using resistances installed in the heater housing. These resistances are included in the power supply circuit of the electric motor. Switching occurs using a regulator installed on the instrument panel. On older cars of the tenth family you can still find mechanical damper drives. Similar designs are also found on “nines” and “eights”.

Heated seats and rear window

These two systems are very similar to each other, as they consist of the same components:

1. Fuse to protect the circuit.
2. Electromagnetic relay for switching a power circuit.
3. Illuminated power button.
4. Wire harnesses.
5. Heating elements.

It is imperative to use electromagnetic relays. They are available in the electrical circuit for heated seats of the VAZ-2110. With their help, you can get rid of switching with a high current button.

As a result, the button on the dashboard switches only the low-current control circuits of the electromagnetic relay windings. The rear window heater has a similar design. If the car has heated rear view mirrors, then a similar scheme is used.

Electric fuel pump drive

The electric fuel pump is powered through separate fuses and relays. It is installed under the rear seat directly in the tank. Moreover, it is combined with a gasoline indicator sensor. The main components of the electrical circuit of the VAZ-2110 pump:

1. Electric motor driving the pump.
2. Electromagnetic relay.
3. Fuse.
4. Wiring harness.

When the ignition is turned on, the electromagnetic relay is activated, after which power is supplied to the fuel pump.

Gasoline is pumped into the system to a certain pressure, after which the electric pump stops. A pressure sensor installed in the fuel rail sends a signal to the electronic control unit. It is by these parameters that the control system understands at what point it is necessary to turn on or turn off the fuel pump.

Information that a motorist must know before replacing existing wiring

First of all, the car owner must know when and in what cases the car wiring is replaced. At the same time, it is also necessary to have information about the final operational life in order to objectively understand when the wiring may need to be replaced. List of the most common reasons that cause wiring to malfunction:

• the appearance of cracks in insulation during a long period of operation;
• oxidation;
• corrosion;
• fuse blown, etc.

Components needed to perform wiring replacement:

• multivariate set of wires;
• fuse block for VAZ 21104;
• housing for the heating system;
• various types of sensors: brake fluid, cooling system, etc.;
• pads;
• many terminals;
• Of course, it goes without saying, duct tape.

A practical look at rewiring

So, a detailed step-by-step algorithm for replacing the wiring:

• first you need to dismantle the front part of the cabin;
• then you can deal with the proper degree of isolation, if there is a desire for it;
• after which, you need to pay special attention to the front headlight switch;
• The windshield wiper (see Replacing windshield wipers on a VAZ 2110 on your own) operates using its own mini-motor, the wiring of which must be checked for serviceability, since very often it simply becomes acidified;
• understand all heating modes;
• the connection of all electronic devices must be carried out strictly sequentially, by increasing the number of connected wires.

Note. Before disconnecting all electronic devices, it is necessary to draw your own conventional electrical circuit by hand in order to correctly make the appropriate connections in the future.

• now it’s time to tackle the fuse blocks, or rather their installation;
• most wires exceed the required length, so they simply do not fit into the allotted space;
• the bracket is the most rational solution to the problem; it will allow you to successfully replace the fuses with new ones;
• with the installation of a new fuse, the position of the front light indicator light, as well as the emergency warning light, will change;
• the heater will also have to be affected: first you need to remove the old radiator and then disassemble it to make it possible to replace the fan;
• Assembly is carried out strictly in reverse order.

Note. Before you begin the wiring replacement procedure, you need to find its current diagram. Otherwise, during the process of assembly and disassembly, you can quickly get confused, and you will have to send the car to a car service center.

The main advantages of the new wiring:

• the emergence of a practical opportunity to connect any gadget;
• longer service life compared to old wiring;
• high degree of reliability of everyday functioning;
• improving the quality and stability of electronic devices and much more.

It is always necessary to remember that installing homemade wiring is an easily feasible technical manipulation; the main thing is to understand all the necessary nuances.

The main objective signs of a car wiring fault

So:

• the car engine does not start;

Note. If the essence of the malfunction lies in the ignition system, then one of the diagnostic signs is that the car will not start. Moreover, if the car starts poorly, but still starts, then problems with the wiring can be excluded from the list of possible causes.

• the central ignition lock has stopped functioning properly;
• the car’s electronics begin to function intermittently or do not work at all;
• headlights function intermittently or do not function at all;
• the characteristic smell of burnt rubber began to appear regularly in the car interior;
• the battery discharges too quickly, although it was functioning properly before;

• and of course, it goes without saying, multiple problems associated with the ignition system.

Practical example of wiring fault:

• the engine suddenly began to function with noticeable interruptions;
• at first glance it may seem that the essence of the problem lies in a malfunction of the ignition system;
• however, a motorist with sufficient experience will not be able to immediately determine where the essence of the malfunction lies, since the cause of an interruption in engine operation may be the ignition system, or a burnt-out spark plug as a result of a wiring fault.

The instructions for replacing the wiring yourself are extremely simple, and the diagnostic process, in principle, does not present any significant practical difficulty. It is recommended to use photo and video materials during the replacement process. The main thing is to find the root cause of the problem in the wiring system. It is never too late to modernize VAZ wiring, and this, in turn, will allow you to use almost any modern high-tech devices for your car. The price of replacing the wiring yourself is significantly lower than the corresponding service at a car service center.

Sensors and actuators

In the electrical circuit of the VAZ-2110 (8-valve injector), the fuel pump operates based on signals received from the sensors. All these devices are connected to one control unit. It is with its help that the necessary information is collected about the operation of the internal combustion engine. After processing all the signals, the current engine operating parameters are superimposed on the fuel map, which is stored in the internal memory of the microcontroller.

This fuel map regulates the operation of the actuators depending on the signals received from the sensors, engine load, speed, etc. For clarity, you can use the interactive electrical diagrams of the VAZ-2110 (injector). They allow you to much better understand the principle of construction of all car systems.

I continue to tinker with wires (my dad often gave me circuits as a child and I soldered them), I love this work

I pulled out the ECU braid because... it was all filled with oil after my cylinder head gasket blew out. Before that, my engine overheated to wild temperatures (then I had to get home, don’t think that I was a monster) So I knew exactly what awaited me)

In general, I have a pretty tattered corrugation (in some places it has completely fallen off) The insulating tape no longer holds anywhere The wires have become stiff from high temperatures and began to break off in places of bend In general, everything that was once new and flexible back in 2000 has become hard plastic Well, naturally this applies to those sections of the wiring where it was closer to the motor and where there is less insulation

I bought new chips for all the sensors, except for the mass air flow sensor (everything is alive there). I have a lot of 16 and 20mm corrugations left over from work, although they are white. Well, I also bought some small diameter corrugations of 7mm and 9mm

Wiring diagram and troubleshooting

Electrical wiring plays one of the important roles in a car. The correct operation of the main devices and systems, as well as the vehicle as a whole, depends on it. Today we will look at the electrical wiring diagrams of the VAZ-2110 family.

Electrical wiring for the VAZ-2110 is of two types: carburetor and injector . There are slight differences, but the basic principles of operation and wiring are the same. Depending on the location, the wiring differs into: under the hood and in the cabin . All electrical equipment of the car is connected using wires of a certain color. Each element has its own wiring harness through the blocks and fuses.

The on-board voltage is 12V constant, minus on the car body.

Having a wiring diagram and knowing the operating principles of the main components of the car is not at all difficult to find the malfunction and the cause of its occurrence.

Before starting to repair the vehicle's electrical wiring (if this is not related to troubleshooting), the terminals should be removed from the battery.

Electrical diagram of a carburetor ignition system

At the first releases of the VAZ-2110, a carburetor was installed, which was later replaced by an injector, as a more modern and reliable system that ensures economical stable operation of the engine. The wiring of an engine with a carburetor includes almost the same vehicle life support systems as with an injector.

The car does not start - there is no charge in the battery

This problem occurs because the battery charge is going somewhere. It does not disappear by chance, but always for some reason.

Here are some of them:

• you leave the car outside at an ambient temperature of -20 degrees or below;
• the battery life is ending;
• The radio was left on in your car for some time, which led to a loss of charging power.

In all these cases, two types of treatment are usually used: firstly, urgently recharge, and secondly, buy a new battery. If you keep pulling and driving on a dead battery, soon you won't even be able to disarm your car. You will have to manually remove the terminals, trying to make it “silence”. The situation will immediately improve as soon as the battery is charged again.