Replacing the crankshaft is usually part of an engine overhaul. However, unlike many other components you can simply remove around the engine block, removing, machining and installing the crankshaft requires a special procedure. Since you are replacing or rebuilding the crankshaft, plan to install a new set of bearings as well. With the engine out of the car and the remaining components off the block, you are ready to work on the crankshaft.
Removing the crankshaft
Detailed instructions for disassembling and repairing the VAZ 2110 engine:
2. Remove the clutch from the engine.
3. Remove the tension roller, camshaft drive belt and spacer washer, which is installed under the tension roller.
4. Remove the toothed pulley from the camshaft.
5. We unscrew four bolts, three of which attach the water pump. Unscrew the fastening nut on the rear cover of the camshaft drive belt and remove the cover.
6. To remove the water pump, insert a screwdriver between the block and the flange of the pump housing and thus move it from its seat. After completing these operations, remove the water pump.
7. Remove the head from the cylinder block.
8. Unscrew the bolts (there are 16 of them) securing the oil sump, then remove it together with the gasket.
9. Unscrew the bolts (there are 3 of them) securing the oil receiver and remove it. Please note that there are spring washers under the bolt heads.
10. Unscrew the bolt in the oil sump that secures the oil level sensor. Don't forget that there is a spring washer under the bolt head. We remove the sensor from the cylinder block; if necessary, you can rotate the crankshaft so that its counterweight does not interfere with removing the sensor.
11. Then rotate the crankshaft so that the piston that is being removed hits BDC (bottom dead center). It is necessary to unscrew the two fastening nuts to remove the connecting rod cover.
12. Now remove the connecting rod cover. In cases where it is difficult to dismantle the cover, you can first remove it with light blows of a hammer. It may be that the cylinder number on the cap will not be visible, in which case the cap should be marked with the cylinder number.
13. Using the handle of a hammer, push the connecting rod inside the cylinder, then carefully remove the piston and connecting rod from the cylinder. During the process, you need to make sure that the lower head of the connecting rod does not touch the cylinder mirror, since this can damage it. We remove the remaining pistons in the same way.
Replacing the crankshaft
So how do you remove the crankshaft? This will require complete disassembly of the engine. To replace you need:
- standard set of tools;
- torque wrench;
- crankshaft clamp MR 1-233.
Removal of the crankshaft can be performed after dismantling the engine and installing it on a repair stand, timing components, engine equipment, cylinder head, connecting rods and pistons.
Scheme of assembly and installation of the crankshaft Skoda OCTAVIA TDI 1996-2002 in the engine block 1,9,1315,17 - mounting bolts, 3 - flange, front pressure, 4 - bearing shell, 5 - chain sprocket, 6 - crankshaft shaft, 7 — bearing shell, 8 — crankshaft half rings, 10 — bearing cap, 11 — mounting pin, 12 — sensor wheel, 2 — sealing ring (oil seal), 14 — flywheel and drive disk, 16 — intermediate plate, 18 — sealing gasket (with oil seal).
How to replace bearings without removing the engine?
Many car owners think and write on forums that it is impossible to get to the liners without removing or removing them from the engine hood. However, such operations are carried out by repairmen on ships, where the size of the parts is enormous and too much force is required to remove the engine. And if the technique exists, it can be used for simple cars.
- Park the vehicle on a ramp to gain easy access to the engine. If there is protection installed on it, it should be removed and the lubricant drained.
- Remove the box, front cover and loosen the camshaft chain in advance. If you're not too lazy, it's better to remove it entirely so it doesn't interfere.
- Remove the starter and pan (if the beam does not interfere). If it interferes with operation, you will have to lift the motor and pull out the pan from under it.
- You now have access to the crankshaft. The easiest way is to replace the connecting rod bearings. The old bearings are pulled out after unscrewing the head screws; it’s easy to put new ones in place, just don’t forget to lubricate them well with the same engine oil that is in your engine.
- It is more difficult to replace the main bearings without removing the engine. You will need to lower the crankshaft by loosening its fastening. You don’t need to lower it much, ten, maximum fifteen centimeters.
- Now it will be easier to pull out the earbuds. But you will need an aluminum rivet, which must be inserted into the lubrication hole, so it will push the bearing out. The main thing is that the size of the rivet is suitable and does not scratch the crankshaft.
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Purpose
The crankshaft pulley is designed to:
- reduce the amplitude of vibration of the crankshaft when it resonates. Actually, for the same purpose, craftsmen make a lightweight crankshaft;
- reduce noise from engine operation;
- rotate the mechanisms involved in the operation of the engine. This is accomplished using a gear and a belt drive;
- the damper also transmits pulses corresponding to the number of crankshaft revolutions to the on-board computer.
The check must be carried out in two stages: a visual check and a check with a multimeter. These two methods will help you accurately determine whether the sensor is working or not.
Visual inspection
It is necessary to look at the sensor and assess its condition; there should be no debris or various shavings on the metal part of the sensor.
Remove the connector from the sensor and assess the condition of the contacts. The connector should be free of moisture and rust.
Features of work
The crankshaft position sensor of the VAZ 2110 operates on the inductive principle. The crankshaft pulley is a gear with 58 total teeth. The place of two teeth on the control disk is occupied by a recess, which makes it possible to synchronize the rotation of the crankshaft with the control point of the piston stroke of the first cylinder of the internal combustion engine. As the pulley rotates, the sensor reads the passage of the teeth and at the point where the notch passes, the controller transmits a signal to the ECU.
The ECU, receiving numbers about the location of the crankshaft, issues a signal regarding the order of fuel supply to each cylinder and the formation of a spark.
The crankshaft sensor is installed on a VAZ 2110, with a motor of 8 and 16 valves, on the cover of the oil supply pump near the crankshaft drive disc. Structurally, tracking devices have different layouts, but the principle of operation of the element is based on the design of the Hall element, which reacts to the passage of a permanent magnet.
Reasons to replace the crankshaft
The crankshaft is the most loaded part in a piston power unit. The main reason for its early damage is the lack of timely maintenance. In particular, if the car owner does not monitor the amount and freshness of engine oil and allows the unit to operate at high speeds for a long time, the crankshaft will fail much faster .
Read more about the main causes of part damage:
- low pressure in the lubrication system caused by insufficient oil level or other factors, refueling with low-quality auto parts and water hammer - because of this, cracks appear on the crankshaft;
- breakdown of the clutch mechanism, improper operation of the vehicle - causes wear of the end part of the crankshaft thrust rings;
- dilution of the lubricant caused by severe overheating of the engine or the ingress of flammable liquid into it - usually leads to the appearance of scuffs on the journals, the development of places for oil seals and other damage;
- clogging of the oil filter and operation of the power unit on dirty oil;
- improper tightening of bolts during repairs, consequences of an accident - key grooves, threaded fixing holes, seating areas for bushings, and pins are often destroyed.
Wear of this unit negatively affects the operation of the motor. The latter is not able to develop the same power. Oil pressure drops sharply even at low speeds. Complete disassembly of the internal combustion engine is inevitable, since failure can lead to severe destruction of the cylinder block. In such cases, in order to protect the engine, the engine crankshaft is repaired or replaced.
How to determine the wear of oil seals on a VAZ-2110
An oil leak from under the clutch housing cover can be seen if you drive the car into an inspection hole.
If oil leaks are found on the car engine housing, you should not immediately buy new oil seals and change them.
The oil seal itself is a product made of a combined material. In this case, it is rubber and metal. The purpose of the oil seal is to provide a tight seal between the rotating parts of the car. In another way, the oil seal is called the shaft cuff.
Before changing oil seals, you need to check the following engine parts and systems:
- Check the oil supply system for blockages.
- Oil filter.
- Hoses for their integrity.
- Crankcase ventilation system.
Cuff edges
If all these systems are in working order, and oil leaks on the engine do not disappear, it means that the seals have most likely become unusable. The most characteristic sign that indicates the deterioration of the seals is traces of oil smudges on the edges of the cuff.
Since the crankshaft pulley rotates at high speed, oil gets onto the entire front part of the engine, and the accessory belt also becomes oily. Such a belt will have to be changed, since its contact with oil is unacceptable. In addition, there is another sign indicating wear of the rear oil seal. These are traces of oil on the joints of the clutch housing and cylinder block.
