How to remove the speed sensor drive VAZ 2110 8 valves

The speed sensor (DS) is designed to obtain information about the number of revolutions transmitted from the gearbox to the drive wheels of the vehicle, followed by its conversion into an electronic signal and transmission to the electronic control unit (ECU). Only fuel-injected cars are equipped with DS. The predecessor of the speed sensor was a mechanical speedometer drive, which was equipped with all carburetor engines.

VAZ 2110 cars, depending on the year of manufacture, are equipped with different types of speed sensors. Older models are equipped with a mechanically driven sensor (rod and gear), new ones (after 2006) have a fully electronic design.

Electronic speed sensor

The VAZ 2110 speedometer does not work, what should I do?

The vast majority of VAZ 2110 cars are equipped with electronic odometers. They can disturb their owners with various malfunctions, which, as a rule, manifest themselves in different ways.

A speedometer is one of the main instruments of a car, which is used to measure the speed of a vehicle. Its breakdown, of course, does not lead to serious malfunctions in the operation of the car, but when the speedometer needle jumps from one indicator to another or even hangs at some value, it deprives the driver of the ability to control the speed of the car.

This can lead to both fines and more serious consequences. Therefore, if the VAZ 2110 speedometer does not work, it is necessary to carry out repairs, especially since this process can be quite easy and fast if the cause of the malfunction is correctly identified.

Malfunctions

On VAZ 2110 cars, the speed sensor can fail for several reasons:

• Oxidation of contacts. This is the most minor damage. However, it can cause the needle to drop to zero or jump. To eliminate it, you must thoroughly clean all contacts from dirt;
• Wire chafing. The main sign of this breakdown is that the needle falls or jumps after starting the engine. Such a malfunction is not always detected visually, since in some cases the wire may outwardly appear intact, but in fact has a break. To determine the location of the damage, you need to ring it using a special tester. A broken wire is often the cause of failure of the instrument panel, and in particular the speedometer;
• The sensor has stopped working. In order to make sure that the breakdown is correctly identified, you can take a new speed sensor and connect it. If the speedometer starts working after this, then the conclusion is obvious. Failure of the speed sensor may occur due to the housing not being sealed, as a result of which dirt, dust, and moisture can enter;
• Checking the connectors. In VAZ cars they are located in such a place that they are constantly in contact with dirt and quite often this is the main reason that the speedometer needle jumps or refuses to work at all, showing incorrect vehicle speed values;
• Drive unit. Also, the reason why the needle jumps on the speedometer may be wear of the shaft. With such a malfunction, the VAZ 2110 speedometer drive does not effectively transmit torque. It is worth noting that this is one of the most common reasons why the sensor needle jumps.

If the vehicle speed indicator does not work correctly, before purchasing a new device, you need to check all possible breakdowns and only then think about replacing it.

Replacement features

The speedometer is located on the main instrument panel. And if, after checking all possible reasons why the device does not work, it turns out that all the faults lie in the device itself, then the entire panel will have to be replaced, and not just this individual element.

Today, unfortunately, spare parts for dashboards are not sold and this complicates the entire replacement process. It is worth noting that when installing a new device, you can rewind the mileage indicators.

Replacement

If during diagnostics it was determined that the needle is falling or jumping as a result of a breakdown of the speed sensor itself, it needs to be replaced. This manipulation is quite simple, but still requires certain knowledge and skills from the car owner.

To replace the speed sensor you will need special keys. It is better to carry out manipulation from above the engine. First, you need to disconnect the battery ground and contact chips, then remove the device using a key. If the rod is broken, then you cannot do without removing the drive. Here you need to be especially careful.

If the arrow jumps, lies or freezes, then repairs must be made as soon as possible. It is better to entrust such work to professionals, since without the necessary experience and certain knowledge, replacing a device can be done poorly.

Only professionals at service stations can quickly remove and install new equipment. As a rule, such a procedure does not take much time and its cost is low.

Why does the speedometer break?

It is worth noting that in some cases it is not difficult to repair the speedometer yourself.
In others, you will need the help of specialists. Thus, oxidation of contacts is considered a fairly easy to fix fault. It is characterized by the “jumping” of the arrow, despite the fact that the speed of movement remains stable. The problem is resolved by cleaning the contacts.

The wires are frayed. This reason can be suspected by the chaotic movement of the needle when starting the engine. Meanwhile, experts note that sometimes the problem does not manifest itself for a long time. It can be identified using a tester.

Sensor failure. A speed control device whose performance is questioned is replaced with a known good one. If the speedometer begins to function normally after this procedure, then there is no point in further looking for damage. Often sensors become unusable after their housing is destroyed and water or dirt gets inside.

Connectors. They are located in the VAZ-2110 in a place where they are constantly exposed to dirt. As a result, the contact is broken and the speedometer needle moves chaotically. The connectors must be completely cleaned and the connection must be checked for reliability.

Often the speedometer also begins to malfunction due to shaft wear. In this situation, it will be possible to get rid of the problem only after completely replacing the above-mentioned part.

Reasons why the speedometer does not work on the VAZ 2110

The vast majority of VAZ 2110 cars are equipped with electronic odometers. They can disturb their owners with various malfunctions, which, as a rule, manifest themselves in different ways.

A speedometer is one of the main instruments of a car, which is used to measure the speed of a vehicle. Its breakdown, of course, does not lead to serious malfunctions in the operation of the car, but when the speedometer needle jumps from one indicator to another or even hangs at some value, it deprives the driver of the ability to control the speed of the car.

This can lead to both fines and more serious consequences. Therefore, if the VAZ 2110 speedometer does not work, it is necessary to carry out repairs, especially since this process can be quite easy and fast if the cause of the malfunction is correctly identified.

Malfunctions

On VAZ 2110 cars, the speed sensor can fail for several reasons:

• Oxidation of contacts. This is the most minor damage. However, it can cause the needle to drop to zero or jump. To eliminate it, you must thoroughly clean all contacts from dirt;
• Wire chafing. The main sign of this breakdown is that the needle falls or jumps after starting the engine. Such a malfunction is not always detected visually, since in some cases the wire may outwardly appear intact, but in fact has a break. To determine the location of the damage, you need to ring it using a special tester. A broken wire is often the cause of failure of the instrument panel, and in particular the speedometer;
• The sensor has stopped working. In order to make sure that the breakdown is correctly identified, you can take a new speed sensor and connect it. If the speedometer starts working after this, then the conclusion is obvious. Failure of the speed sensor may occur due to the housing not being sealed, as a result of which dirt, dust, and moisture can enter;
• Checking the connectors. In VAZ cars they are located in such a place that they are constantly in contact with dirt and quite often this is the main reason that the speedometer needle jumps or refuses to work at all, showing incorrect vehicle speed values;
• Drive unit. Also, the reason why the needle jumps on the speedometer may be wear of the shaft. With such a malfunction, the VAZ 2110 speedometer drive does not effectively transmit torque. It is worth noting that this is one of the most common reasons why the sensor needle jumps.

If the vehicle speed indicator does not work correctly, before purchasing a new device, you need to check all possible breakdowns and only then think about replacing it.

Replacement features

The speedometer is located on the main instrument panel. And if, after checking all possible reasons why the device does not work, it turns out that all the faults lie in the device itself, then the entire panel will have to be replaced, and not just this individual element.

Today, unfortunately, spare parts for dashboards are not sold and this complicates the entire replacement process. It is worth noting that when installing a new device, you can rewind the mileage indicators.

Replacement

If during diagnostics it was determined that the needle is falling or jumping as a result of a breakdown of the speed sensor itself, it needs to be replaced. This manipulation is quite simple, but still requires certain knowledge and skills from the car owner.

To replace the speed sensor you will need special keys. It is better to carry out manipulation from above the engine. First, you need to disconnect the battery ground and contact chips, then remove the device using a key. If the rod is broken, then you cannot do without removing the drive. Here you need to be especially careful.

If the arrow jumps, lies or freezes, then repairs must be made as soon as possible. It is better to entrust such work to professionals, since without the necessary experience and certain knowledge, replacing a device can be done poorly.

Only professionals at service stations can quickly remove and install new equipment. As a rule, such a procedure does not take much time and its cost is low.

Preparatory activities

Proper replacement of the speed sensor on a VAZ 2110 implies the mandatory purchase of a new device that meets all the requirements of your car.

Connector

Basically, when purchasing a device, follow two basic rules.

1. Choose a sensor whose connectors inside the block are marked -, A and +. Usually the designations 1, 2 and 3 are used there. There is no fundamental difference between them, it will simply be much easier to carry out the pinout with such markings. It is the incorrect connection that often becomes the reason that you have to seek help from a service station. And these are completely different financial costs.
2. The rod on the element must be made of metal. If the stem is plastic, it will last you about 6 months. It is not in your best interest to replace regularly. But don’t forget to check the metal rod for play, correct rotation, and the presence of a washer in the package.

What else is the reason for the speedometer not working?

However, often the reason for the speedometer malfunction lies elsewhere:

1. Oil and dust get into the speed sensor, which is located in the engine compartment under the hood of the car.

The malfunction is eliminated after removing dirt and oil by washing the sensor. If the DS fails and needs to be replaced, any car owner can perform this simple operation independently. The replacement sequence is as follows:

• place the machine on a flat horizontal surface;
• open the hood and find the speed sensor on the gearbox;
• by pressing the latch bracket, the plug is disconnected from the DS:
• to remove the sensor, use a 22 mm wrench, turning it counterclockwise;
• The new part is installed by screwing it in by hand. The use of a wrench is not recommended, as you may miscalculate the rotation and break the thread;
• install the connector, as evidenced by the click of the fixed part.

The driver should buy a new DS with similar markings. Otherwise, the speedometer needle will display incorrect readings.

1. For some unknown reason, the VAZ 2110 speedometer stopped working. First of all, you need to check the most accessible elements associated with the speedometer. Since the car compartments are not ideally clean, dirt and moisture can damage any part, including wires and contacts.

Under the influence of moisture and dirt, wires and contacts can oxidize. Eliminating this cause is simple: the contacts must be removed, cleaned of oxidized deposits, wiped dry and reinstalled. It is also necessary to check the integrity of the wires.

Externally good wires may have broken sections of cores inside. Checking the serviceability of the wires involves ringing their surface with a tester.

During operation, the splines and elements that rotate the speedometer cable may be damaged. Such a defect may impair the operation of the instrument panel. You can verify its serviceability by testing it.

1. The third, very important defect is the malfunction of the speed sensor. This device is located on the gearbox, adjacent to the exhaust manifold. This factor leads to heating and chafing of the DC wires.

The reasons for the sensor being out of working condition, the fault can be determined at the service center. The technician will perform this procedure in the presence of the car owner. To troubleshoot the problem yourself, you should do the following:

• The speed sensor must be removed by unscrewing it from the gearbox;
• connect the DC wire to a screwdriver or drill, set the rotation counterclockwise;
• turn on the ignition.

The movement of the arrow indicates that the sensor is working properly. The weak link is most likely located in the vehicle's transmission. It is difficult for a driver without experience to cope with this task.

In this case, the problem must be solved by car service specialists. If the speedometer needle on a VAZ 2110 does not work, the speed sensor must be replaced.

The speedometer on a VAZ 2110 with an injector is an important element of any car, not excluding the “top ten”. VAZ 2110 drivers even with little experience can check and find the source of the malfunction of this device.

However, if you cannot determine the source of the speedometer problems, you need to draw the attention of technical service specialists to this problem.

As you know, devices installed in a car allow you to monitor the situation while driving on the streets and monitor the operation of the engine and all other systems. Among others, the speedometer occupies a special place. It is located on the dashboard directly above the steering wheel. With its help, the driver finds out at what speed the car is moving.

In a situation when the speedometer and the injector installed on the VAZ-2110 do not work properly, the person behind the wheel puts both his own health and the lives of passengers at risk. At the same time, he can easily “earn” a fine from a traffic police officer for speeding too high. Thus, a working speedometer allows you to avoid a considerable amount of trouble.

Description of DS

As we have already said, the main purpose of the speedometer drive sensor is to accurately determine the speed of the vehicle. Thanks to this device, the model can always know at what speed his car is moving. As for the varieties, DS can be of the contact or non-contact type. Today, most of our compatriots prefer contactless options. Contact DS, despite all the advantages, have one significant drawback - they are prone to contamination, which in turn will lead to inaccuracy of the displayed readings.

Design and principle of operation

Structurally, according to the diagram, this part consists of:

• speedometer drive;
• housings;
• as well as the controller itself with a connector for connecting to the on-board network.

As for the principle of operation, it is based on measuring the frequency level of signals from the controller, which is located on the gearbox housing or transfer case. At the output of the device, while driving, rectangular pulses are formed, the minimum value of which should be at least 1 volt, and the maximum value should be at least 5 volts.

According to international standards, the controller must generate about 6 thousand such pulses over one kilometer. The pulses themselves are subsequently converted into current, which is measured by a magnetoelectric device. It should be noted that the current value directly depends on the number of signals supplied per certain unit of time. That is, this value will be directly proportional to the speed of the vehicle.

In addition, thanks to the electronic circuit installed in the dashboard, the operation of the stepper motor is ensured by counting incoming signals. The latter is designed to rotate the counter reels, after which it displays the relevant information on a small screen, where the total and daily mileage of the car is shown. If we are talking about daily mileage, then this value can be reset to zero if necessary.

Symptoms of a problem

If the DS for some reason fails, this will lead to the control unit being unable to determine the speed of movement. However, this is not the only problem, since malfunctions in the performance of the power unit may also occur.

We suggest that you familiarize yourself in more detail with the signs of a malfunction, by which you can determine the failure of the DS:

• the speedometer on the dashboard has either stopped working altogether or displays incorrect readings;
• malfunctions appear in engine operation, in particular at idle speed;
• fuel consumption increased;
• engine performance has deteriorated, the power unit cannot reach the required speed;
• the engine may stop spontaneously while idling, in particular when the driver tries to press the clutch to change gear;
• if the car is equipped with an on-board computer, a Check indicator may appear on the dashboard;
• if the car is equipped with an electric power steering, this unit may also fail;
• in some cars, for example, Lada Kalina, failure of the diesel engine can also lead to increased sensitivity of the fuel level controller in the gas tank (the author of the video is the Autoelectrics HF channel).

https://youtube.com/watch?v=qiDmZLUuTMI

As for the reasons, as a rule, they are caused by damage to the car's electrical wiring, so checking the functionality should begin with diagnosing the condition of the contacts and electrical circuits. Perhaps the problem lies in oxidized or dirty contacts, so they will need to be cleaned and treated with a lubricant, for example, Lithol. A broken wiring should be looked for first of all near the connection connector, since in this place the wires are bent and usually frayed.

Also, the cause of the malfunction may be a violation of the integrity of the wiring insulation in the area where the exhaust manifold is installed. At elevated temperatures, the insulation may melt, causing the device to short out. Also, the DS may transmit incorrect readings due to a worn speedometer cable. Over time, cracks and tears form on it, which contributes to the failure of the controller.

Causes of malfunction of the speed sensor.

Speed ​​sensor VAZ 2110
If the speed indicators on the dashboard do not correspond to reality, this does not mean that the speed sensor has failed. Although the price of the sensor is relatively low and replacing it is quite simple, you should not do this until it is fully confirmed that it is at fault for the malfunction.

The reasons for the failure of the speed sensor may be:

• The presence of traces of oil or deposits of dust and dirt on the surface of the device. Due to contamination of the sensor, the signal is distorted and incorrect speed readings are displayed on the dashboard. In this case, the problem can be solved quite simply - you need to check the surface for dirt and clean it.
• Violation of the tightness of the conductors, or loss of communication with the ECU. Violation of the sensor structure and its subsequent failure, or extraneous mechanical influences on the speedometer conductor. Thus, the cable may move unevenly or touch the external protection, thereby complicating the move and dulling the signal. In this regard, the correct functioning of the car speed sensor is disrupted. Also, the analyzer will not work correctly with increased cable vibrations.

Useful tips for installing the speedometer driveAutoRemka

The speedometer drive is necessary in order to show the driver all the data about what speed the car has reached and how far it has traveled. Its breakdown is not catastrophic, but it greatly affects the ease of control.

VAZ models have a mechanical drive, so both gears of the system are mounted on the gearbox shaft. Then the rotating force from them goes through a flexible shaft to the speedometer of the car, which is located on the dashboard. A broken shaft usually causes problems with the speedometer. This means that it is not always possible to change gears successfully due to incorrect speed readings. In addition, there is a risk of getting a fine from the traffic police, because we are sure that we are driving at a speed of 80 km/h, when in fact the broken device is deceiving us. But the traffic police radar will show the true speed of 90 km/h.

To find out that the shaft is really broken, you should simply disconnect it from the speedometer and start the engine. Then you need to drive a couple of tens of meters, observing the end of the shaft. If we notice that the tip is stationary, then we open the hood and take it out. If during extraction only its shell is pulled out, then we can be sure that there is a rupture in the system.

Replacing the VAZ 2107 speedometer cable begins with preparing the necessary tools. You will need several keys (among which must be the 10th and 13th), a lift or an inspection hole. All work, with certain skill and experience, takes no more than 20 minutes. Beginners and those who don’t do repairs very often at all can dig around a little longer.

So, let's move on to removing the clamp bolt. To do this, use a 13mm wrench. After that, we deal with the bolt securing the device drive shaft. Here you will need to use a 10mm wrench. There are also a couple of nuts that secure the cross member to the surface of the body. We unscrew them with a key of 13. Then we slowly lower the rear part of the gearbox down. This must be done so that the studs begin to protrude slightly from the holes in the cross member. Next, we begin to shift the gearbox to the right and remove the speedometer drive located in the crankcase hole. The replacement drive we purchased is installed into the system in the reverse order. In this case, to replace the cable, you just need to disconnect the upper fastening of the cable from the speed reading device and remove it from the hole located on the front panel.

It is useful to know that the speedometer drive is slightly different in different VAZ models. The main difference is the number of teeth on the main gear. The very first type of device is practically “extinct”. It was installed on model 2101, it did not have a mark and had twelve teeth. At the same time, it can still successfully fit a Lada with a gearbox having a gear ratio of 4.3. This drive is also found in models 2102.

Drives with nine teeth are mounted in third VAZ models and are marked with red paint. The gearbox ratio is 4.1.

And finally, the most popular option is a thirteen-tooth drive. It is installed on models 2106 and some others. Marked with blue paint. Moreover, this drive is easily suitable for almost all classic models with axle 2106, which have a gear ratio of 3.9.

The cost of a new speedometer drive is about 300 rubles. Experts recommend not saving on this spare part. After all, not only convenience, but also safety depends on the proper operation of the speedometer drive. What responsible driver would want to constantly see incorrect speed readings and worry about shifting problems?

Signs and causes of DS (speed sensor) problems

Failure of the speed sensor can be determined visually during a trip. This occurs when the speedometer needle jumps, gives clearly incorrect readings, or falls to the zero mark. If, at the same time, the odometer ceases to determine the distance traveled, then the most likely cause of the breakdown is sensor failure.

Additional signs of a malfunction may include uneven operation of the power unit at idle, as well as too high fuel consumption.

Speed ​​sensor device

Why doesn't DS work? There may be several reasons:

• The terminal block is dirty;
• Contacts are oxidized;
• The wiring is frayed or melted;
• No contact due to a loose connector;
• Damage to the sensor itself.

The device is installed under the hood next to the exhaust manifold, on the gearbox. It is exposed to oil vapors and is poorly protected from dirt. The sensor wire may fray or melt due to being near very hot elements of the car. On a VAZ 2110 with an injector, this often leads to the disappearance of contact and the cessation of signal transmission to the speedometer.

An unambiguous answer about the serviceability of the sensor can be obtained by replacing it

However, when buying a DS, you need to pay attention to its model. Firstly, you should make sure that it is compatible with the previous one, and secondly, it is recommended to pay attention to the material of the rod

It is preferable to purchase a sensor with a metal drive rod rather than a plastic one.

Sensor with metal rod

This design is highly reliable and will last quite a long time, while a plastic one can fail within a few months.

When purchasing a device, it is important to make sure that there is a washer on the rod, there are no backlashes, and that the kit corresponds to the attached documentation for the sensor

All of the above questions are related only to injectors, because in carburetor systems there is no DS as such. Torque is transmitted to a mechanical speedometer using a cable system, without any electrical converters.

Troubleshooting

To begin troubleshooting the problem, you first need to find the device. From the photo you can determine how the speed sensor on the VAZ 2110 looks externally.

Ears for fastening

As for its location, look in the engine compartment in close proximity to the exhaust manifold. They say frankly that the place where it is installed cannot be called ideal. It's all about the collector. While the car is running, the manifold heats up. The sensor wires rub against it, which over time leads to malfunctions and short circuits.

Therefore, experts recommend that the first step is to properly insulate the wiring, and also use some kind of clamps so that the wires do not come into contact with the collector. This significantly extends its service life.

Having checked the device visually and not determining the presence of breakdowns, this tells us that the element itself is faulty. This problem can be solved by replacing it.

Replacing the VAZ 2110 speed sensor

The main cause of speedometer problems is a failure of the speed sensor, and if the DS is faulty, it must be changed. It is not difficult to replace the sensor on a VAZ “ten”; almost any driver can do this work independently. The operation is especially simple on a car with an 8-valve engine. Let's start replacing:

• we place the car on a flat horizontal plane; you can do without a pit or a car lift;
• we find the sensor - it is located on top of the gearbox housing, not far from the oil dipstick;
• to disconnect the plug from the sensor, press the locking bracket;
• use the key » 22 counterclockwise to turn off the sensor itself, often the DS is turned away by hand;
• When installing a new part, we use manual force; it is not recommended to tighten the DS with a wrench, as you can break the part or strip the thread.

When installing, we put the connector in place, it should click into place, and the work can be considered complete. With sufficient skill, this operation is completed in 5-10 minutes.

Car owners often encounter a problem when, after replacing the sensor, the speedometer needle begins to “lie” - show the wrong speed. It should be noted that several types of DS have been developed for the VAZ “Ten”, and they have different catalog numbers

When purchasing, you should pay attention to the number that the sensor has failed, and you must purchase a new part only with the same marking

Gearbox device

In general, the concept of “remaking” the box is not entirely correct, since the design of the VAZ-2105 gearbox with 4 speeds was practically no different from the same gearbox 2101. The 2105 gearbox has a three-shaft layout, with constant gear meshing and manual control. Externally, the Kopeika and Pyaterki checkpoints can be distinguished almost only by the markings on the body of the box.

The VAZ-2105 gearbox diagram with 4 stages is presented below, and structurally it does not differ from modifications 2101 and 2106:

Since the box from the VAZ-2105 is structurally similar to the 2101, the kinematic diagram of the gearbox is the same. But the gear ratios are different; on 2105 gearboxes they are:

• 1st – 3.67;
• 2nd – 2.10;
• 3rd – 1.36;
• 4th – 1.00;
• Rear – 3.53;

As for the differences in the design between gearboxes 2105 and 2101, they mainly come down to different numbers of teeth on different gears. So, on the intermediate shaft of the gearbox, a 1st speed gear with 14 teeth is used (15 for 2101), and their inclination angle is greater. The constant mesh gear of this shaft has 28 teeth (29 for 2101). The input shaft uses an 18-tooth gear (19 for 2101). Because of these features, the shafts with gear blocks of these two gearboxes are not interchangeable if you try to install them separately. But in the case of a complex replacement - the input shaft along with the intermediate shaft and all gear blocks, then installation is quite possible. As for the secondary shaft, modification 2105 differs from shaft 2101 in the first gear gear (its teeth have a different angle, although their number is the same, and its diameter is also slightly larger).

Principle of operation

The VAZ-2110 tachometer works according to the standard principle. It is part of an electrical circuit with the following elements:

1. The device itself is located on the dashboard of the car and is completely electronic.
2. The ignition module operates on the principle of an inductor. Necessary for converting direct current into pulsed current.
3. Crankshaft position sensor or DPKV. It also converts electrical voltage into pulsed voltage.
4. On-board computer or ECU. It is a receiver of pulse signals. Based on the frequency of incoming pulses, it makes calculations for the injection system, and also converts them into electrical voltage, adjusting the operation of the tachometer.

The whole circuit works as follows:

1. After the power unit has started working, the crankshaft position sensor begins transmitting signals to the computer. Magnetic type crankshaft position sensor. Reacts to the absence of one tooth of the engine drive gear. As soon as an empty space passes near the sensor, it opens, thereby creating a pulse. For one revolution of the shaft, 1 pulse is created.
2. The ignition module on the 8-valve version 2110 operates on the principle of generating pulse signals without rotation; it is stationary. The pulses are generated by 2 inductive coils. For one revolution of the power unit, 2 pulses are generated from the module. Due to pulses from the DPKV, the on-board computer transmits the discharge current to the ignition module.
3. The pulse current transmitted from the DPKV to the ECU is converted into a constant voltage, which is transmitted to the tachometer receiver unit. The strength of the incoming current determines the strength of the magnetic field formed by the device’s coil, and therefore the angle of deflection of the tachometer needle.

The whole system is simple, consisting of a small number of elements. But any problem causes interruptions in the operation of the engine and the tachometer itself.

Next, a description will be given of the main symptoms that precede the tachometer failure.

Video.

Schematic electrical diagrams, connecting devices and pinouts of connectors

The speed sensor is an element of the vehicle's electronic control system. It depends on its readings how much fuel will be supplied, how much air will bypass the throttle valve when idling, and what the speedometer readings will be.

The speed sensor of a VAZ car is based on the use of the Hall effect, that is, a stream of pulses is transmitted from the device to the car's ECU, the frequency of which is proportional to the speed of the car. Auto electronics, analyzing incoming data, selects the required idle speed and sends a signal to a device that regulates the engine idle speed, which optimizes the composition of the air-droplet mixture entering the combustion chamber, bypassing the throttle valve.

During a distance of one kilometer, the speed sensor transmits over 6000 pulses to the ECU. Based on the parameters of the time analysis of inter-pulse signals, the on-board computer transmits data to the dashboard, thereby determining the speedometer readings.

As in many other cars, the VAZ speed sensor is located in the upper part of the gearbox housing, not far from the engine oil level dipstick. You can get to it from two sides: from above, by opening the hood and disconnecting the adsorber, and from below, using the inspection hole for convenience.

How much does a replacement cost?

If the breakdown is not due to dirty contacts or broken wiring, it is better to replace the sensor. Moreover, it costs 170-400 rubles, depending on the type and manufacturer. The cost of replacing it at a service station is 100-150 rubles.

Sensor part numbers:

• with mechanical drive - 2110-3843010F;
• electronic (new) - 2170-3843010.

When choosing a DS, pay attention to where it was manufactured. If a mechanically driven sensor requires replacement, under no circumstances buy Asian analogues - the drive gear is made of very low quality plastic

It happens that it breaks on the third day of use. In this case, you will have to disassemble the entire box to remove its fragments.

It is better to purchase a sensor with an all-metal drive.

Symptoms of problems, checking the speed sensor

If the odometer is not working, and the speedometer is “jerky”, transmitting false speed or mileage readings, we can conclude that the speed sensor is faulty.

There is also the possibility that these are signs of electrical circuit problems, especially if the car has ever been tampered with. There may be a break or oxidation of the connectors, rubbing of the wiring insulation, which causes a short circuit.

Also, a sign of breakdowns are cases in which the car may stall at idle. Perhaps the most obvious symptom of a speed sensor failure will be incorrect speedometer readings and the “ChekEngine” light on the panel.

These devices have three contacts: ground, pulse signal, voltage. First, you should check the functionality of the grounding and the presence of voltage.

To check the speed sensor you need:

1. Remove this sensor;
2. Using a multimeter, calculate the contact that produces a pulse signal. “We install a plus to it, and attach the minus to the body of the car.
3. Carefully rotate its rod. At the same time, you should monitor the output signal. If the sensor rod starts to rotate faster, the voltage will be higher.

Symptoms of a problem

The problem may be that the connection diagram is broken, there are disturbances in the electrical circuit, or the connector does not work. In addition, the pinout of the speed sensor, which was mixed up during the assembly process, often becomes a problem.

An indirect sign of a malfunction is that the car stalls when idling.

Diagnostics

Troubleshooting begins by disconnecting the wiring block from the speed sensor harness and checking them using a test light.

To make a control light bulb, you need any car lamp that can operate at a voltage of 12 V, and two wires about 1 meter long each. One of the wires is attached to the positive terminal, the second - to the negative terminal of the lamp. The resulting device also includes a Krona battery.

To carry out the test, one wire of the warning lamp is attached to the ground of the body or battery, and the second is made with short, frequent touches to the middle contact of the DC connector. If there are no faults in the connector-speedometer section, the speedometer needle will slightly tremble or rise. If the needle shakes, the answer to the question why the speedometer does not work can be considered found - the speed sensor requires replacement.

In cases where the needle’s response to tapping on the central contact of the block cannot be detected, it is necessary to “test” the speedometer power circuit. The procedure is carried out using a multimeter (multitester), or by using the same light bulb - a control.

The wiring harness is first disconnected not only from the speed sensor block, but also from the speedometer itself. One terminal of the tester or warning lamp is connected to the end of the wire located under the hood, the other to the interior end of the speed meter current supply circuit.

If the tester in the “continuity” mode indicates a violation of the integrity of the circuit, further troubleshooting is carried out in this direction. It is necessary to check the fuses, the connection points of the wires, and their integrity inside the insulating braid.

The search area can be reduced by gradually “ringing” individual sections of the circuit. On model 2114 and other VAZ products, the cause of speedometer failure is often oxidation of the “mass” contacts attached to the car body.

In cases where the speedometer needle does not work, but there is no evidence of malfunctions in the electrical supply circuit, a logical conclusion is drawn about the malfunction of the device itself. Additional testing can be done by temporarily installing a known good instrument panel.

Speedometer Troubleshooting Options

Before troubleshooting, you need to find out exactly the reason why the speedometer on the VAZ 2112 does not work. There is a reliable and simple method for this. The check begins with the speed sensor and, in search of a breakdown, moves towards the speedometer.

Check procedure:

1. The first wire is connected to the negative terminal of the battery.
2. The second simulates impulses, trying to touch contact “A” with a certain frequency.
3. If the speedometer reacts - the arrow turns at a small angle - then this part of the electrical circuit is working.
4. By touching the contacts all the way from the block to the device, you can determine where the break is located.

If the arrow does not react, then the cause of the malfunction is in the speedometer and it must be replaced.

Replacing the speedometer

For the VAZ 2110, spare parts suitable for repairing the speedometer are not produced. If something goes wrong and it’s the one that breaks, the device can be repaired by replacing the “Schetmash” instrument panel. Or by purchasing products from another manufacturer, for example, a VDO instrument cluster. But, according to statistical data, the indicating elements are quite reliable and break very rarely. Sensors fail much more often, and the most common failures are oxidized contacts and faulty wires.

A situation is possible when diagnostics indicate that the most likely cause of a breakdown is the instrument cluster. But the electronics turn out to be fine. Then the problem is in the checkpoint. The drive gear may be damaged. But such repairs are difficult to do with your own hands and you will have to turn to specialists.

If we talk about mechanical speedometers, they most often do not work due to a broken cable, or due to wear and tear of other elements of the system. Repairs are carried out by dismantling broken parts and replacing them with new, serviceable ones. In order not to have to frequently repair the mechanics, you just need to take good care of it - lubricate it on time and check the parts for serviceability.

Replacing the speed sensor

Changing the speed sensor on a VAZ 2112 is not so difficult.

1. First, the car must be de-energized by disconnecting the negative terminal from the battery.
2. Then disconnect the connecting connector. To do this, press on the metal bracket and pull the connector up. There is no need to put in excessive effort.
3. To unscrew the sensor from the gearbox, you may need a 22mm wrench. But it often happens that the device is not installed too tightly and can be unscrewed by hand.
4. Now you can install a working device.
5. When installing a new sensor, you should ensure that the wires are connected correctly.
6. The final stage of the replacement will be to check the functionality of the system.

Other options

The operation of the speedometer can be impaired not only due to contamination or broken wires, but also due to a blown fuse. It is enough to replace F19 in the fuse block, and the device will work again.

Troubleshooting problems caused by faulty electrical (wires and contacts) is not difficult. The wiring must be connected (twisted, soldered) and insulated, and the contacts must be cleaned with a knife, iron brush, or sandpaper.

If a serviceable DS is installed, but the arrow still shows a clearly incorrect speed, which contradicts the driving mode, then the problem lies in the gearing of the sensor drive. If the diagnostics confirm the correctness of the fears, then the gear and gear should be replaced.

Causes of malfunction of the speed sensor

The absence of speedometer readings does not mean failure of the device. Although, to buy a speed sensor for a “ten”, it is enough to spend a small amount, but it will be very disappointing that the fact of replacing the speed sensor will not give the desired effect. And the reasons may be the following:

1. The presence of dirt, dust and oil smudges on the speed sensor, a video on replacing which can be found on the Internet. They form on the body of the product during vehicle operation. To prevent the product in this case, you just need to clean the device.
2. Unstable contact of the product connector and broken wiring.
3. Sometimes the defect is of a purely mechanical nature, which consists of banal defects in the cable of the instrument speed indicator - speedometer.

The following options are possible here:

1. Complicated uneven movement of a braided cable, which is caused by cable defects - burrs or ruptures of the metal strands of the cable. They can significantly affect the functionality of the sensor drive. 2. Increased cable speed.

Checking the device for serviceability:

1. We hang the front wheel of the vehicle on a jack.
2. We disconnect the wire contact from the product and connect a digital multimeter or similar device to it
3. Making rotational movements with the hanging wheel at low speed, we measure the pulse flow signal from the connector. The functionality test begins with checking the grounding and power supply of the electrical circuit.
4. We remove the device from its seat.
5. We connect the device for measuring voltage to the output contacts.
6. By turning the speed sensor drive, we measure its potential difference.
7. The output should produce data in which, as the rotor speed increases, the frequency and voltage of the output power increases.

The functionality of the device is considered satisfactory if, during diagnostics, it shows the frequency and voltage parameters at the output contact. Otherwise, replacing the speed sensor of the VAZ “Ten” cannot be avoided.

Why the speedometer does not work on a VAZ-2112: the main reasons for a 16 valve engine

When the speedometer does not work on a VAZ-2112 hatchback, the reasons may be different. Usually they try to repair the tidy, but the speed sensor turns out to be faulty. The ECU detects a malfunction of this sensor with difficulty, and the CHECK lamp does not turn on. The fact that the speed sensor is broken has to be identified by the following signs: idle speed always remains low, and the engine stalls when changing gears. These nuances will be discussed in more detail below, but we will only talk about 16-valve valves.

If all devices do not work, then one fuse is at fault. The video shows which one.

Electrical diagram

The sensor itself is powered by a voltage of 12 Volts (pink-black cord), and another pin is connected to ground. The gray wire is the sensor output. It is connected to the voltage source through a resistor (see figure).

Typical connection diagram for DS on a VAZ-2112

The diagram shows that the output is connected to the ECU terminal. Terminal number:

• 9 – block January 5.1, also BOSCH M1.5.4N (engine 21120, 1.5 l);
• 59 – BOSCH M7.9.7 module (ICE 21124, 1.6 l).

Another gray cord goes to the “red” block on the dashboard, where it connects to terminal 9.

As you can see, everything is elementary.

Instrument panel test on video (speedometer self-diagnosis)

There are some things we don't specifically consider.

Power to the circuit shown in the previous chapter comes from main relay 6. It is also called the “ignition relay”. There is also fuse 1 in the circuit.

Additional relay and fuse box

When the ignition circuit is broken, both the speedometer and the ECU module do not work on the VAZ-2112, and the engine does not start at all. So advice about checking the relay would seem stupid.

Advice for those who have an oscilloscope

If you still decide to dismantle the sensor, connect a 1 kOhm resistor to its output (to the middle terminal). The resistor tap is connected to the “plus” of the power supply. By turning the shaft by hand, pulses can be observed at terminal 2. There are six pulses per revolution.

Mechanics

The following diagram shows exactly how the speed sensor is designed.

Speed ​​sensor for VAZ-2112

1. 2110-3843010-13 – sensor;
2. 2110-3843010-18 – sensor;
3. 2108-3802820-10 – speedometer drive;
4. 2101-3802718 – gasket;
5. 2108-3802822 – drive housing;
6. 2108-3802830 – sealing ring;
7. 2108-3802834-20 – driven gear;
8. 2108-3802833-20 – drive gear;
9. 2101-3802717 – washer;
10. 15896211 – M6 nut;
11. 12601271 – wavy washer;
12. 11500121 – pin M6x14.

Elements 1 and 2 are interchangeable.

Dismantling

To remove the sensor from the car, you need to disconnect its connector. The sensor housing is fixed near the CV joint - the desired point is shown by an arrow.

First step in dismantling

When the connector is disconnected, take a flat key “22” and unscrew the plastic nut. Then you can change the sensor or repair it.

What you need here is a flat key

To replace the sensor drive, use a “10” key to unscrew the M6 ​​nut and remove it together with the washer. The drive housing is rocked from side to side - you need a 14mm spanner.

Dashboard connectors and speedometer contacts

The dashboard, as well as the speedometer on the VAZ-2112, may not work when they are disconnected from ground or power. Be aware that the speedometer receives power separately from the instrument panel. This also applies to the “mass”. Wiring:

• X2-2: +12V for speedometer;
• X2-3: speedometer “ground”;
• X1-9, X1-10: power supply for tidy;
• X1-1: “mass” of the tidy.

Connector X2 is painted red, X1 – white. Terminals 8 and 9 in connector X2 are the speedometer output and input. The output is connected to the on-board computer.

Both terminals (X1-9 and X2-2) are connected to one wire - orange. This line is protected by a fuse installed in the main mounting block (F19).

How to remove the tidy

First, disconnect the negative terminal of the battery. Then use a screwdriver to unscrew the 4 screws (photos 1 and 2) to remove the frame with glass.

Removing the dashboard

In the second step, unscrew the two screws holding the dashboard in place (photo 3). Next, compress the petal brackets to remove the tidy completely.

1. If you connect the battery and turn on the ignition, the orange cord (connectors X1 and X2) should receive voltage “+12”;
2. The presence of “ground” at terminal X2-2 is also a very important indicator;
3. The gray cord (terminal X2-9) is usually called “+12”, and in rare cases - “ground”. When moving, pulses should appear at this terminal.

Sometimes they do this: they make a tap from terminal 9, and, without engaging the gear, move (push) the car. The engine remains switched off. Pulses will appear on the tap, detectable even with a voltmeter. The voltmeter itself must be a pointer type.

It will not be possible to fix a faulty speedometer - it will be easier to replace it. But first you need to find out exactly what the problem was.

Problems and their solutions

There are several common problems typical for the dashboard of the domestically produced VAZ 2110 model.

1. The instrument panel lights on the VAZ 2110 do not light up. Check the contacts and the condition of the wiring that is responsible for the suspension. The fuses could simply have blown, or the light bulbs themselves could have burned out as a result of wear and tear or a short circuit. In fact, there can be many reasons, so it is not always possible to resolve the issue in a couple of minutes.
2. The most serious failure for the instrument panel is a complete failure of the unit. In such a situation, all indicators stop working, the arrows fall down, and the warning lamps do not light up. To fix the problem, first check fuse 15, which is designated F6. You will find it on the mounting block. If this element is blown, simply replacing the fuse will not solve the problem. Look for the reason why it burned out. Usually this is a simple short circuit in the electrical network.
3. The arrows jump up and down. This is also a common phenomenon, the cause of which in most cases is poor ground contact: This ground wire goes to the partition that separates the interior and engine compartment, from the instrument panel. To get to it, remove the radio from its seat. Check the quality of its fastening;
4. Often, when installing an alarm system, the ground wire is moved to another location for more convenient access. Therefore, if you have an alarm system, but there is no wire under the radio, then look for it behind the interior trim near the driver’s left foot;
5. The ground wire may be damaged when installing a new audio system. When the minus is connected, the mass is unscrewed and then often mounted back, only not as reliably as it was originally. Due to vibrations, collisions with bumps and holes, the fastening weakens and contact disappears. Hence the non-functional panel. Do not be lazy to properly wrap the bulk wire, since poor fastening is often explained by the inconvenience of performing this activity.

Problem with the instrument panel. To check if everything is fine with it, remove it as much as possible from the seat, but do not disconnect the wiring going to the pads. The white wire (X1) that goes to the first contact is checked. It would be a good idea to check the voltage on pins 10.9 and 6. During normal operation of the system, the device should give a reading of about 12 volts. Be sure to look at the back of the shield and make sure the conductive paths are intact. Cigarette lighter. It is not uncommon for the instrument panel on a VAZ 2110 to fail due to the cigarette lighter. You are probably no exception among drivers who connect all sorts of additional devices and devices through this socket. This is how many people charge their phones, connect tablets, video recorders and other equipment. By consuming a large amount of current, the devices damage the cigarette lighter or cause fuse F19 to blow. Because of this, the instrument panel turns off or does not work correctly. If the fuse is intact, simply disconnect the cigarette lighter connector. If such measures do not produce results, simply replace the fuse with a new one.

As practice shows, most problems associated with the failure of the dashboard can be solved independently. Especially when it comes to a car like the VAZ 2110.

But there is an important BUT. If you do not have minimal experience working with electronics and do not understand anything about electrics, we strongly do not recommend that you approach the dashboard wires

In this case, contact a service station, deal only with experienced auto mechanics and people who are well versed in automotive electricals

If you do not have minimal experience working with electronics and do not understand anything about electrics, we strongly do not recommend that you approach the dashboard wires. In this case, contact a service station, deal only with experienced auto mechanics and people who are well versed in automotive electrics.

Improve yourself

. Perhaps soon you will be able to change to a more expensive, modern car. Then solving the electronics problem will be much more difficult

The VAZ 2110 is an excellent simulator that allows you to carry out repairs yourself, understand the structure of the car, and experience all the delights of self-repair. It is important for any man to be able not only to drive, but also, if necessary, to repair his car.

How to check the speed sensor for functionality

Symptoms of defects in this device are as follows:

• suspension of engine operation during translational movement in idle mode and incorrect speedometer values ​​being presented at the same time;
• When defects are detected in the electrical circuit of the speed sensor, the price of which is quite reasonable, the light banner “CHECK” is displayed with parallel recording of the error code “24” in RAM.

Important: such a recording is also possible in case of defects in the operation of the mass air flow sensor, but since the “CHECK” banner in this version is not constantly displayed, it is possible that this difference will indirectly indicate which device failed in operation

The “CHECK” banner in this version is not constantly displayed, then perhaps this difference will indirectly indicate which device has failed in operation.

Mechanics

The following diagram shows exactly how the speed sensor is designed.

Speed ​​sensor for VAZ-2112

1. 2110-3843010-13 – sensor;
2. 2110-3843010-18 – sensor;
3. 2108-3802820-10 – speedometer drive;
4. 2101-3802718 – gasket;
5. 2108-3802822 – drive housing;
6. 2108-3802830 – sealing ring;
7. 2108-3802834-20 – driven gear;
8. 2108-3802833-20 – drive gear;
9. 2101-3802717 – washer;
10. 15896211 – M6 nut;
11. 12601271 – wavy washer;
12. 11500121 – pin M6x14.

Elements 1 and 2 are interchangeable.

Dismantling

To remove the sensor from the car, you need to disconnect its connector. The sensor housing is fixed near the CV joint - the desired point is shown by an arrow.

First step in dismantling

When the connector is disconnected, take a flat key “22” and unscrew the plastic nut. Then you can change the sensor or repair it.

What you need here is a flat key

To replace the sensor drive, use a “10” key to unscrew the M6 ​​nut and remove it together with the washer. The drive housing is rocked from side to side - you need a 14mm spanner.

repair of gearbox differential on VAZ 2108, VAZ 2109, VAZ 21099 cars

1. Remove the differential (Fig. 5.12) from the gearbox (see “Disassembling the gearbox and troubleshooting its parts”).

2. Turning 90° around the pinion axis, remove the side gears from the differential housing.

3. Remove the retaining ring from the pinion shaft.

4. Remove the pinion axle and two pinions from the differential housing.

5. Remove the bolts securing the driven gear to the differential housing.

6. Press the driven gear off the differential housing. 7. Inspect the working surfaces of the satellites, the axes of the satellites, side gears and the spherical surfaces of the differential housing in contact with them. Remove small irregularities with fine-grained sandpaper. Replace parts with significant defects.

8. Check the condition of the transmission driven gear. If there are chips, chipping or significant tooth wear, replace the driven gear. On VAZ 2108, VAZ 2109, VAZ 21099 cars, final drive gears with different gear ratios are installed. The number of teeth of drive gear 1 and the number of teeth of driven gear 2 are stamped on the driven gear.

WARNING The final drive gears are selected in pairs at the factory based on noise and contact patch. Therefore, when replacing the driven gear, also replace the drive gear: the driven and drive gears are sold as a pair. To check, count the number of teeth on the drive gear.

9. Inspect the bearing seats on the differential housing. If these areas are significantly worn out, replace the differential housing. If there is pitting (sinks) on the raceways and rolling elements, traces of indentation of the rolling elements on the raceways, or damage to the cages, the bearings must be replaced.

10. To replace the differential bearings, use a puller to press the bearings off the differential. In this case, the bearings are destroyed. Then…

11.... press out the outer rings from the gearbox and clutch housings with a special puller. If there is no puller, press out the axle seals first. Please note that in this case the seals are damaged and the seals must be replaced (for more details, see “Replacing gearbox seals”). Press out the bearing rings from the outside of the crankcases with a punch.

12

Please note: there may be an adjusting ring under the ring installed in the gearbox housing, which must be re-selected before pressing in new rings (see “Selecting a differential bearing adjusting ring”)

13. If it is necessary to replace the speedometer drive gear, you can press the bearing (without destroying the bearing) using two screwdrivers, applying force to the inner ring of the bearing. The gear will be destroyed, but the gear still needs to be replaced.

14. Assemble the differential in the reverse order of removal, having first lubricated all parts with transmission oil. In this case, the driven gear is installed with the teeth marked outward.

Rice. 5.12. Gearbox differential of VAZ 2108, VAZ 2109, VAZ 21099: 1 - speedometer drive drive gear; 2 — satellite; 3 — semi-axial gear; 4 — driven gear of the main gear; 5 — satellite axis; 6 — differential housing; 7 — differential bearing

How to remove the tidy

First, disconnect the negative terminal of the battery. Then use a screwdriver to unscrew the 4 screws (photos 1 and 2) to remove the frame with glass.

None A little test:

1. If you connect the battery and turn on the ignition, the orange cord (connectors X1 and X2) should receive voltage “+12”;
2. The presence of “ground” at terminal X2-2 is also a very important indicator;
3. The gray cord (terminal X2-9) is usually called “+12”, and in rare cases - “ground”. When moving, pulses should appear at this terminal.

Sometimes they do this: they make a tap from terminal 9, and, without engaging the gear, move (push) the car. The engine remains switched off. Pulses will appear on the tap, detectable even with a voltmeter. The voltmeter itself must be a pointer type.