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29.09.2020
VAZ Niva (Lada 4x4) is a compact off-road vehicle, produced with a three- and five-door body. Production of the model began in 1977. In the 2010s, under the leadership of AvtoVAZ President Bo Andersson, an updated version of the Urban was developed with modified bumpers and improved finishing. In 2020, the car received a new front panel, adapted to modern safety and comfort requirements. However, the design remains the same. The original name “Niva” was relevant until 2006 in connection with the release of the more modern Chevrolet Niva SUV. However, in 2022, AvtoVAZ regained the right to use the Niva trademark, which previously belonged to the General Motors concern.
Steering gearbox repair
Drain the oil from the gearbox housing, unscrew the adjusting nut and remove the lock washer. Using a 13mm wrench, unscrew the four bolts securing the upper gearbox cover.
We remove the head of the adjusting screw from the groove on the bipod shaft and remove the cover.
When replacing the bipod shaft, the axial clearance between the screw head and the shaft groove is set by selecting the thickness of the adjusting plate. The gap size is allowed no more than 0.05 mm. The plates have a thickness of 1.95 to 2.20 mm in increments of 0.025 mm.
We remove the bipod shaft with the roller from the crankcase.
Using a 13mm wrench, unscrew the four bolts securing the worm shaft cover and...
...remove it together with the ball bearing adjustment gaskets.
Gaskets are available in thicknesses of 0.1 and 0.15 mm. With light blows of a soft metal hammer, knock out the worm shaft along with the bearing from the gearbox housing.
On the end surfaces of the worm there are raceways for the bearing balls.
Using a screwdriver, we remove the cuff of the worm shaft.
Similarly, remove the cuff of the bipod shaft. We use a punch to knock out the outer ring of the second bearing.
We wash all parts in kerosene or diesel fuel. We carefully check that there are no signs of wear, scuffing or damage on the working surfaces of the roller and worm. The gap between the bipod shaft and the bronze bushings should not exceed 0.1 mm. Ball bearings must rotate freely, without jamming, and there must be no damage or signs of wear on the surfaces of the rings, cages and balls. Cracks of any length are not allowed on the crankcase itself. We replace worn and damaged parts with serviceable ones. We replace the cuffs with new ones in any case. Before assembly, lubricate all internal parts with transmission oil. Using light blows of a hammer on a piece of pipe of suitable diameter, press the inner bearing ring into the crankcase.
You can press in the bearing ring using a tool for replacing rubber-to-metal hinges on the front suspension (see Appendices).
We install a separator with balls into the bearing ring and insert the worm shaft. We put the outer bearing separator on it and press the outer ring into place with light blows of a hammer. We put the cover with gaskets and... ...press in the cuffs of the worm shaft and bipod, lubricating the working edges with Litol-24 lubricant.
We install a worm in the crankcase. Using a set of adjusting shims, we set the moment of its rotation from 2 to 5 kgf•cm. We install the bipod shaft and adjust the engagement gap according to the moment the shaft rotates. It should be 7–9 kgf•cm when the worm shaft is turned 30° to the left and right and smoothly decrease to 5 kgf•cm with further rotation until it stops. Fill the crankcase with transmission oil to the bottom edge of the filler hole (0.215 l).
Reference information for undergoing maintenance of Lada 4×4 (articles and refueling volumes)
Changing the engine oil is a regulated maintenance procedure, which is prescribed in the operating instructions. There is nothing complicated about it if you clearly and carefully follow the described action plan.
The replacement operation will be the same for different modifications of the Niva car:
- VAZ 21214
- VAZ 21213
- VAZ 2121
- VAZ 2131
Our most popular engines are injection and carburetor engines, with a volume of 1.7 and 1.6 liters. The replacement process on these engines, as well as other modifications, will be the same.
To refuel and service a domestic VAZ SUV, you need to know the filling capacities of the VAZ 21213 Niva and its modifications, the VAZ 21214. Some numbers need to be known by heart, for example, the capacity of the tank and engine crankcase.
The rest should be written down in a notepad, which is stored in the glove compartment of the cabin. And it doesn’t matter that you are not going to do the maintenance of the car yourself, the specialists at the service station may also not know the refueling volumes of your car.
FILLING CAPACITIES
| Refillable system | Volume, l |
| Fuel tank (including reserve) | 42 (65*) |
| Engine cooling system (including interior heating system) | 10,7 |
| Engine lubrication system (including oil filter) | 3,75 |
| Gearbox housing | 1,6 |
| Rear axle housing | 1,3 |
| Steering gear housing | 0,18 |
| Transfer case housing | 0,79 |
| Front axle housing | 1,15 |
| Hydraulic clutch system | 0,2 |
| Hydraulic brake system | 0,535 |
| Windshield and headlight washer reservoir | 2,8 |
| Rear window washer reservoir | 2,0 |
| Power steering reservoir | 1,7 |
And also interesting: VAZ Niva 2121 owner reviews: all the cons, disadvantages, pros
* For VAZ-2131 cars and its modifications.
| Refueling or lubrication point | Quantity, l | Name of materials |
| Fuel tank | 42 | Motor gasoline with octane number 91–93, 95* |
| Engine cooling system including interior heating system | 10,7 | Coolant with a freezing point no higher than –40°C |
| Engine lubrication system, including oil filter, at ambient temperature: | 3,75 | Motor oils (with API quality level: SG, SH, SJ) |
| from –20° to 45°С | SAE 15W-40 | |
| from –25° to 35°С | SAE 10W-30 | |
| from –25° to 45°С | SAE 10W-40 | |
| from –30° to 35°С | SAE 5W-30 | |
| from –30° to 45°С | SAE 5W-40 | |
| Gearbox housing | 1,35 | Gear oils with quality level according to API GL-5 and viscosity 75W-90 |
| Transfer case housing | 0,75 | |
| Front axle housing | 1, 15 | |
| Rear axle housing | 1,3 | |
| Steering gear housing | 0, 18 | Gear oil 75W-90 |
| Hydraulic clutch release system Hydraulic brake system | 0,2 0,515 | Brake fluid DOT-3, -4 |
| Windshield washer reservoir Tailgate washer reservoir | 2,0 (5,0) | A mixture of water and windshield washer fluid |
| Starter drive drive ring | — | Litol-24 lubricant or imported analogues |
| Front wheel bearings | — | Litol-24 lubricant or imported analogues |
| Cardan joint cross bearings | — | Lubricant Fiol-2U, No. 158 or imported analogues |
| Front propeller shaft spline | — | Lubricant Fiol-1, CV joint-4 or imported analogues |
| Door limiters | — | Grease Shrus-4 |
| Seat moving slides | Fiol-1 lubricant or imported analogues | |
| Tie rod joints and front suspension ball pins | — | ShRB-4 lubricant or imported analogues |
| Battery leads and terminals, door keyholes | Automatic lubricant VTV-1 in aerosol packaging, CIATIM-201, -221, Litol-24 or imported analogues | |
| Door locks | — | Fiol-1 lubricant or imported analogues |
| Rear brake pressure regulator | — | Lubricant DT-1 or imported analogues |
*For vehicles with fuel injection system equipped with an exhaust gas converter
Replacing lubricant in machine engines is a simple procedure that you can perform yourself, without the help of specialists. The main thing in this matter is to know what kind of oil and where to fill it.
If we talk about the VAZ 4x4 2121 Niva, then the engine should contain approximately 3.75 liters of oil product. Moreover, you need to fill in one brand of oil; different types cannot be mixed. Otherwise, the entire proportion will be ruined.
When mixing a mineral and a synthetic sample, the result will be a substance of low quality. It forms pieces that are not acceptable for the normal operation of the unit.
Replacing lubricating fluids is provided not only for the engine, but also for other components of the VAZ 4×4 2121 Niva. Places, filling volumes, names of oils are given in the table.
LADA VAZ 2121 is an all-wheel drive all-terrain station wagon. Produced for over 40 years. It differs from competitors in reliability and excellent maneuverability. The car is equipped with gasoline and diesel engines with a power of 73 - 83 hp. The gearbox is mechanical.
28 December 2022 LadaOnline 3 328
AvtoVAZ recommends undergoing maintenance (MOT) of the Niva (VAZ 2121 and VAZ 2131) every 12 months or 10,000 km, whichever comes first. If you order some spare parts and consumables (oil, filters, etc.) yourself, then you will need article numbers for original consumables and analogues for each specific service.
And also interesting: Buy LADA (VAZ) 2131 (4×4) 2022 in Rostov-on-Don, low price for Lada 2131 (4×4) 2022 on the Avto.ru website
Name Catalog number or name Quantity or volumes Replacement instructions
| Engine oil | API class SL, SM or SN. Original LADA engine oil:
Factory recommendations: ROSNEFT Premium or ROSNEFT Maximum 5W-40 or 10W-40. Or Lukoil Genesis RN 5W-40 | Engine lubrication system (including oil filter) - 3.75 l. | Eat |
| Oil filter | 21050-1012005-00, 21080-1012005-00, 21080-1012005-08 and 21080-1012005-09 (Recommendations for selection) | 1 | |
| Transmission oil |
(Recommendations for selection) |
| |
| Coolant |
(Recommendations for selection) | Engine cooling system (including interior heating system) - 10.7 l | Eat |
| Hydraulic brake system | DOT-4 - 88888100000582 and 88888100001082 (Recommendations for selection) | 535 ml | Eat |
| Hydraulic clutch system | 200 ml | ||
| Power steering | Pentosin Hydraulik Fluid CHF 11S-TL VW52137 | Tank - 1.7 l | |
| Cabin filter | 2121-8122010 | 1 | |
| Engine air filter | 21120-1109080-00, 21120-1109080-02, 21120-1109080-03 and 21120-1109080-06 | 1 | |
| Fuel filter | Mesh filter: Fine fuel filter:
| 1 | |
| Spark plug | 21110-3707010-00 and 21110-3707010-01
(Recommendations for selection) | 4 | |
| Accessory drive belt | 21070-1308020-00 | 1 | |
| Front brake pads | 21230-3501090-00 | 1 kit | Eat |
| Front brake discs | 21210-3501070-00 | 1 kit | Eat |
| Rear brake pads | 21010-3502090-02 | 1 kit | Eat |
ps the table will be updated as new data becomes available. Anything to add/change? Write in x!
Let us remind you that we published the maintenance schedule (maintenance schedule) earlier. You will find other spare parts numbers in the complete parts catalogue.
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Features of the GAZ 3302 steering gear
Lada Priora hatchback Logbook Steering rack repair
Like the whole car, the GAZelle's steering mechanism does not suffer from sophistication of design, but many believe that this is for the better. Regardless of whether the car has power steering or without power steering, repairing and adjusting the steering is extremely simple and does not require deep encyclopedic knowledge or special tools from the driver. The very minimum of both – and you can move on.
It is still different from the prehistoric GAZ worm-roller gearboxes, and even has its positive aspects. The most pleasant feature from the point of view of car architecture is that the GAZelle gearbox mechanism is quite compact and at the same time has good efficiency. What is especially noticeable on cars without power steering is that driving even a loaded car does not require the use of brute physical force. The designers achieved this by using rolling instead of sliding. It cannot be said that this introduction brought revolutionary changes to the global auto industry at the end of the 20th century, but the steering wheel became noticeably lighter. This made it possible to increase the service life of the entire assembly, since it does not wear out as intensively as a worm pair, and rarely requires adjustment.
There were some shortcomings, although the designers had nothing to do with it. The working pair of screw/ball nut is a non-removable element, and during the first 10-15 years of the car's production it was quite difficult to find a replacement pair. Now this stuff is enough, so replacing a working pair can cost 5-6 thousand rubles. Adjusting the steering gear requires its complete dismantling, which also does not delight users. Moreover, to adjust the gap, in addition to a special profile wrench, you also need level and skillful hands, since the bearings can be skewed in no time if you do not use a torque wrench.
In GAZelle, control does not require the use of brute physical force, even if the car is loaded
But the main surprise for the driver who decides to adjust or repair the gearbox is the removal of the bipod. This is not hellish work, but in the cold, dismantling the bipod can cause some discomfort.
Flushing fluids for the engine lubrication system
Table 10
Liquid brand Manufacturer Regulatory document LUKOIL-AUTO-WASHING
OJSC Lukoil-Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez, Kstovo, LLC Lukoil-Permnefteorgsintez, Perm STO 00044434-0122 WASHING OIL Novo-Ufa Oil Refinery OJSC, Ufa TU 0253-019-05766528 ROSNEFT EXPRESS OAO "Angarskaya petrochemical company, Angarsk TU 0253-392-05742746 MP SYNTHETIC MP CLASSIC OJSC Omsk Oil Refinery, Omsk STO 84035624-005Note. Flushing fluids are used during maintenance in accordance with the service book when replacing the working engine oil with fresh one.
General ideas about steering gears
Replacing the steering rack of Vito W639
It's probably no secret that mechanical engineering developed gradually. With each step in the development of this industry, cars were improved and acquired more and more new devices. Thus, many modern auto parts were added much later than the creation of the car. But there are units that initially appeared already at that stage in the history of the engineering industry at which the vehicle acquired its final shapes and outlines. One of them is the steering gear. It is a special steering mechanism that plays a significant role in driving a car. The main task of the steering gear is to increase the force applied to the steering wheel. It is this applied force that causes the wheels of the vehicle to turn in the desired direction.
What oil to use for VAZ Niva
Original
Three types of transmission oil are poured into the crankcase of the front and rear axles, as well as the transfer case of the VAZ Niva car - mineral, semi-synthetic or synthetic. For cars of recent years of production, semi-synthetic or synthetic is recommended. As for viscosity, SAE 70W, 80W or 85W is suitable for winter use, and SAE 90, 140 or 250 is used mainly in summer. Moreover, the most popular in the Russian environment is an all-season transmission with SAE 75W-80, 80W-85, 80W- 90 or 75W-90.
Unoriginal
To service the transfer case, gearbox and axles of a VAZ Niva, it is better to choose oil from trusted manufacturers - Mannol, Total, Eneos, ZIC, Castrol, Kixx, etc. Regarding the type of viscosity, it should be noted that synthetic oil is more fluid, suitable for cars of recent years release. Accordingly, mineral water or semi-synthetics are recommended for older cars. It has a relatively thick consistency, which means there is less chance of leaks in the presence of microcracks or gaps between contact pairs. Even when choosing an oil, pay attention to the current tolerance indicators API-GL-3, 4 or 5. The higher the indicator, the more oil additives. In the case of Niva, you can opt for API-GL-5. Below are suitable oils for the transfer case, axles and gearbox of the VAZ Niva.
- Liqui Moli 75W-90 GL-4/5
- Chevron 80W-90 GL-5.
Replacing the gearbox
DIY steering rack repair
https://youtube.com/watch?v=—HYiizjMVo
https://youtube.com/watch?v=—HYiizjMVo
When replacing a unit, the labor intensity is lower than when repairing:
- I removed the fastening of the coupled mechanisms, dismantled the gearbox, there is no need to disassemble it;
- During repairs, parts are reassembled, if necessary, the shaft is welded and ground, then we select the oil to fill, and after assembly we tighten the adjusting screw.
Using the Grand Cherokee as an example, replacing the steering gear consists of the following sequence of actions:
- jacking up the front axle and installing it on temporary supports;
- by removing the front left wheel and the fender liner inside the arch, we gain access from below;
- remove the washer tank;
- unscrewing the bolt that secures the steering cardan to the gearbox;
- dismantling the power steering tubes going to the gearbox;
- The bipod of the steering gear and 4 crankcase mounting bolts are removed.
Removing the steering gearbox
Thus, regardless of the design of the gearbox of the steering system of the machine, most often the gap between the transmission parts is adjusted or the entire unit is replaced. For repairs, sets of gaskets and shaft seals, transmission oil and gear packing are produced. The shafts are restored by folk craftsmen; the manuals do not contain information on the dimensions of the seating surfaces, since the unit is considered non-repairable.
Other liquids and fuels and lubricants
Every car enthusiast should know by heart the maximum fuel capacity of his car. The fuel tank of the VAZ 21213 has a capacity of 42 liters, including reserve. The reserve refers to the amount of fuel remaining in the tank after the yellow warning light on the instrument panel turns on. The reserve amount is at least 5 liters. The car must be fueled with gasoline whose octane number is in the range of 91-93.
The car has a number of refueling tanks that the owner must monitor during operation:
- brake system with expansion tank, total capacity - 0.515 l;
- hydraulic clutch drive with expansion tank - 0.2 l;
- 2 plastic tanks with a volume of 2 liters each contain a supply of windshield and rear window washer fluid.
The clutch release drive and brake system are filled with hydraulic brake fluid (the most popular is DOT-4). It should be changed at least every 3 years, because the liquid has the ability to absorb water vapor contained in the air. As a result, all steel parts of the system in contact with it begin to corrode, which leads to complete or partial failure of the brakes.
If there is a leak in the clutch or brake system, the level in the expansion tanks decreases, so constant monitoring is required over them.
Liquid or clean water for washing glass is added if necessary; in winter, a non-freezing option is required. Otherwise, the ice will not only destroy the tubes, but also damage the electric pump.
Various thick lubricants are also used for maintenance and lubrication of the Niva:
- Litol - a composition for lubricating highly loaded bearing parts;
- CV joints-4 - lubricant for the hinges of the front axle shafts and door opening limiters;
- ShRB-4 is designed for processing ball joints and steering rods.
The list of refueling containers is useful for novice car enthusiasts who bought a used car with a lost instruction manual. The operation of such a car should begin with the replacement of all fluids and oils.
Read news about the new Niva
- Rear disc brakes on Niva 2121 instead of standard drum brakes || Strengthened brakes on a Chevrolet Niva
- Niva car steering gear
- Niva car steering gear
- Checking and eliminating play in the steering wheel and steering column of Niva Chevrolet
- Signs and symptoms of faulty tie rod ends, how to determine the fault
- Steering tips Niva Chevrolet
- Replacing power steering fluid on a Chevrolet Niva
- Pros and cons of the Chevrolet Niva car suspension
Lubrication
Experienced users often change the lubricant, even in the absence of breakdowns, for the following reasons:
- The standard blue padding is too thick;
- Possible decrease in plasticity in winter;
- it accumulates near the lid and minimally reaches the friction pairs.
Standard gearbox lubrication
Graphite grease with Motul 4100 10W40
Some cars, for example, VAZ 21213 Niva, use transmission oil, as indicated in the official manufacturer's manual for the service station. To do this, the upper crankcase cover has a hole protected by a threaded plug; oil can be added without disassembling the gearbox.
VAZ 21213 gearbox with lubrication hole
Motor oils
| Oil brand | SAE viscosity grade | Group | Manufacturer | Regulatory document | |
| AAI | AP1 | ||||
| LUKOIL LUX | 5W-30, 5W-40 10W-40,15W-40 | B5/D3 | SJ/CF | LLC "Lukoil-Permnefteorg-sintez", Perm | STO 00044434-003 |
| LUKOIL LUX | 0W-40, 5W-20, 5W-30, 5W-50, 10W-30 | B5/D3 | SL/CF | LLC "Lukoil-Permnefteorg-sintez", Perm | STO 00044434-003 |
| TNK SUPER | 5W-30, 5W-40 10W-40 | B5/D3 | SJ/SL/CF | TNK Lubricants LLC, Ryazan | TU 0253-008-44918199 |
| TNK MAGNUM | 5W-30, 5W-40 10W-40,15W-40 | B5/D3 | SJ/SL/CF | TNK Lubricants LLC, Ryazan | TU 0253-025-44918199 |
| ROSNEFT MAXIMUM | 5W-40, 10W-40 | B5/D3 | SL/CF | OJSC "Novokuibyshevsk Oil and Additives Plant", Novokuibyshevsk | TU 0253-063-48120848 |
| ROSNEFT OPTIMUM | 10W-30, 10W-40 15W-40 | B5/D3 | SJ/CF | OJSC "Novokuibyshevsk Oil and Additives Plant", Novokuibyshevsk | TU 0253-062-48120848 |
| ROSNEFT MAXIMUM | 5W-40, 10W-40 | B5/D3 | SL/CF | OJSC "Angarsk Petrochemical Company", Angarsk | TU 0253-391-05742746 |
| ROSNEFT OPTIMUM | 10W-30, 10W-40 15W-40 | B5/D3 | SJ/CF | OJSC "Angarsk Petrochemical Company", Angarsk | TU 0253-389-05742746 |
| ROSNEFT PREMIUM | 0W-40, 5W-40 5W-40 | B5/D3 | SJ/CF SL/CF SM/CF | OJSC "Angarsk Petrochemical Company", Angarsk | TU 0253-390-05742746 |
Continuation of the table. 2
| Oil brand | SAE viscosity grade | Group | Manufacturer | Regulatory document | |
| AAI | API | ||||
| EXTRA 1 EXTRA 5 EXTRA 7 | 5W-30 15W-40 20W-50 | B5/D3 | SJ/CF | OJSC "Omsk Oil Refinery", Omsk | TU 38.301-19-137 |
| EXTRA | 5W-30, 10W-40, 15W-40 | B5/D3 | SL/CF | OJSC "Omsk Oil Refinery", Omsk | TU 38.301-19-137 |
| ESSO ULTRA | 10W-40 | B5/D3 | SJ/SL/CF | Exxon-Mobil, Germany | |
| GTTURBO SM | 10W-40 | B5 | S.M. | Hanval INC, Korea | |
| LIQUI MOLY OPTIMAL | 10W-40 | B5/D3 | SL/CF | Liqui Moly GmbH, Germany | |
| MOBIL 1 MOBIL SYNT S MOBIL SUPER S | 0W-40, 5W-50 5W-40 10W-40 | B5/D3 | SJ/SL SM/CF SJ/SL/CF | Exxon-Mobil, Germany | |
| MOBIL 1 ESP FORMULA | 5W-30 | B6/D3 | SJ/SL SM/CF | ||
| RAVENOL HPS RAVENOL VSI RAVENOL LLO RAVENOL TSI RAVENOL Turbo-C HD-C | 5W-30 5W-40 10W-40 10W-40 15W-40 | B5/D3 | SL/CF SL/CF SL/CF SL/CF SJ/CF | Ravensberger Schmirstoffvertrieb GmbH, Germany | |
| SHELL HELIX: PLUS PLUS EXTRA ULTRA | 10W-40 5W-40 5W-40 | B5/D3 | SL/CF | SHELL EAST EUROPE Co, UK, Finland | |
| ZIC A PLUS | 5W-30, 10W-30, 10W-40 | B5 | SL | SK CORPORATION, Korea | |
Note. The oil change period is in accordance with the vehicle service book.
RECOMMENDED TEMPERATURE RANGES FOR APPLICATION OF MOTOR OILS
| Minimum engine cold start temperature, 0C | Viscosity grade according to SAE J 300 | Maximum ambient temperature, 0C |
| below -35 | 0W-30 | 25 |
| below -35 | 0W-40 | 30 |
| -30 | 5W-30 | 25 |
| -30 | 5W-40 | 35 |
| -25 | 10W-30 | 25 |
| -25 | 10W-40 | 35 |
| -20 | 15W-40 | 45 |
| -15 | 20W-40 | 45 |
Steering
Steering
The Niva uses a worm-type steering gearbox. It provides reliable vehicle control at any speed and in different road conditions. The worm mechanism is equipped with a globoid type worm (variable shaft diameter) connected to an intermediate shaft and roller. A bipod is installed on the outer part of the roller shaft, which, through rods, activates the rotating mechanism. The rotation of the steering wheel ensures the movement of the bipod through a worm gear; it turns the wheels with rods.
The worm steering mechanism has a low level of sensitivity to shocks and impacts transmitted from the wheels on uneven roads. It has the ability to direct a VAZ vehicle to large turning angles and, accordingly, provides excellent maneuverability of the vehicle. The disadvantage of a worm gear is that it is difficult to manufacture. Worm steering has many connections and therefore requires periodic adjustments and adjustments.
The worm steering mechanism is used on off-road passenger cars with dependent wheel suspension, light trucks and buses. The simplicity of the design has an increased service life and a high degree of maintainability. A slight drawback may seem to be a slightly increased effort on the steering wheel, which occurs for a number of reasons. Having analyzed the design of the steering gear and the loads acting on it, we determine problem areas and ways to solve problems.
The basic one is equipped with a worm pair, which during operation causes steering resistance due to friction between the worm and the worm gear. This is the operating principle of a worm gear; therefore, it is not possible to completely get rid of this factor. The solution is to use high-quality lubricant in the gearbox and monitor the condition of the working surfaces.
The steering gearbox has two rolling bearings (worm shaft), two plain bearings on the bipod shaft (also known as the worm wheel shaft). The bearings themselves, in good and lubricated condition, reduce friction of the main parts (and, accordingly, reduce the force on the steering wheel).
In addition, the pendulum arm, which rotates on two plain bearings and ensures the movement of the steering rack, makes its contribution. The use of high-quality lubricant and periodic monitoring of the condition of boots, connections and rods will reduce the possibility of increased force on the steering wheel.
Thirdly, the six steering fingers must provide a high-quality connection, work correctly in the same planes with the system, and ensure the mobility of the steering mechanism.
Flushing fluids for the engine lubrication system
Table 4
Table 5
Table 10
Table 12
| Material grade | Manufacturer | Regulatory document |
| PENTOSIN CHF11S | Pentiosin Werke AG, Germany | TTM 1.97.0964-2004 |
Also interesting: Advantages of a diesel-powered Chevrolet Niva and what engine can be installed
List of products containing precious metals in LADA 4x4 cars
| Product number | product name | Location of precious metals | Weight in grams | ||
| gold | silver | palladium | |||
| 2115-3801010 | Instrument cluster | In semiconductors | 0,000263 | 0,016414 | |
| 2105-3747010-03 | Turn signal and hazard warning light switch | Gold in semiconductors, silver in contacts | 0,0180561 | 0,0208012 | 0,103 |
| 2105-3709310/-01 | Three lever switch | Coating | 0,1664 | ||
| 2101-3704010-11 | Ignition switch | In contacts | 0,14078 | ||
| 2105-3710010-03/-04 | Hazard switch | In contacts | 0,107 | ||
| 21213-3709607 | Heated rear window switch | In contacts | 0,11517 | ||
| 2113-3709609-10 | Rear fog lamp switch | In contacts | 0,115169 | ||
| 2104-3709612 | Rear window wiper and washer switch | In contacts | 0,403093 | ||
| 2107-3709608-01 | Heater switch | In contacts | 0,265997 | ||
| 21045-3709280 | Fuel heating switch | In contacts | 0,170288 | ||
| 2108-3720010-10/-11/-12 | Brake light switch | In contacts | 0,1681 | ||
| Generator voltage regulator | In semiconductors | 0,0534 | |||
| 2106-3828110 | Water temperature indicator sensor | In contacts | 0,0161637 | ||
| 2105-3747010-02/03 | Relay-breaker for direction indicators and hazard warning lights | Gold in semiconductors, silver in contacts | 0,00021 | 0,0731 | |
| 2105-3747210-12 | High beam relay | In contacts | 0,055 | ||
| 2105-37470-1010-12 | Low beam relay | In contacts | 0,055 | ||
| 2105-3747210-02 | Headlight wiper relay | In contacts | 0,137 | ||
| 2114-3747610 | Rear fog light relay | Gold in semiconductors, silver in contacts | 0,000998 | 0,034935 | |
Steering gear location
Since under the hood of a car there is the main “culprit” of vibrations – the engine, the steering gearbox is attached exclusively to the car body. Its location differs among different brands and modifications, but access to the fastener is always extremely difficult.
Gearbox location in Jeep WJ Limited
To adjust the steering gearbox, you will have to remove the protection from below, at a minimum. Driver injury safety in a frontal collision is ensured in the following way:
- the upper mounting bolts are welded to the gearbox housing;
- At the bottom there are tear-off bolts, the edges of the fixing plates of which pass into special slots in the bracket.
Breakaway bolts for driver safety
When impact occurs, the steering wheel folds forward upward, which is safer for the driver's chest than any other option.
How much oil to fill in Niva
First generation 2121, since 1977
Despite the lightweight monocoque body and structural basis from the VAZ-2106, the Niva has impressive off-road capabilities largely due to its short wheelbase and almost non-existent body overhangs, which ensures high approach and departure angles. The car also has permanent all-wheel drive and is equipped with a transfer gearbox. Under the hood there is a non-alternative 1.7 petrol engine with a power of 81 hp. s., aggregated with a five-speed manual transmission. In 2016, AvtoVAZ improved the car's suspension - installed gas-filled shock absorbers and bearings in the front hubs, and also introduced independent mounting of the front axle gearbox. Since 2022, the car has been officially sold as Lada Niva.
- Transfer case oil: volume – 0.79 liters, tolerance and viscosity: API-GL-3-4; SAE 75W-90
- Rear axle gearbox oil: volume 1.3 liters; front - 1.15 liters; tolerance and viscosity: API-GL-3-4; SAE 75W-90
Repair and assembly
Correct and timely maintenance of the steering gear is the key to long-lasting and reliable operation, but there are times when breakdowns do occur. In this case, repairs with complete or partial disassembly simply cannot be avoided.
When repairing, it is necessary to pay attention to some features and important points, the use of which will increase the reliability of the mechanism and improve its characteristics
Steering gear repair
To remove and disassemble the gearbox, it is necessary to hang the front of the car and remove the steering rods. From inside, unscrew the bolt securing the supply shaft from the gearbox shaft. Adjusting the steering gearbox of the VAZ 2107. Next, disconnect the gearbox
from the spar, by unscrewing three bolts with spanners. In the engine compartment, remove the hoses and parts that are located in the line of the steering rods.
When the gearbox is unscrewed and removed from the shaft in the cabin, we pull it out of the engine compartment by turning the bipod to the left
Particular attention should be paid to the condition of the gaskets, their location and degree of wear. An unreliable seal can lead to loss of lubrication or contamination of internal cavities
The next step is to unscrew the plug and remove the oil from the steering gear housing, after which you need to unscrew the bipod.
Gearbox
We put it on a stand made of two boards so as not to damage the shaft splines and unscrew the nut, then remove the bipod. Additionally, you can screw the nut onto the shaft until the ends are mutually aligned. Next, disconnect the steering gear cover by gradually unscrewing the locknut of the adjusting bolt and remove the cover, gradually moving it towards the worm.
In this case, you need to be especially careful with the gaskets if they are in good condition; at the slightest jam or pressing out, the gasket must be replaced. The next step is to remove the bipod shaft, press in the worm shaft and remove the seals. All cavities must be washed and wiped with a rag, checking for dents, chips and any other damage. It is also necessary to check the crankcase for the presence of metal shavings, which indicates wear of certain parts. It is imperative to check the gaps and play in the mating parts and check the wear of the working surfaces. After carrying out a defective inspection of the steering gear, we replace damaged parts if necessary.
We carry out assembly in the reverse order, making sure to lubricate the parts with oil, and all oil seals with grease (lithol). Install a new cover gasket with an adjusting screw. Replacing the steering gearbox on a VAZ 2104, VAZ 2105, VAZ 2107. We mount the bipod, tightening the nut as much as possible
Then we install the steering gearbox in its normal place, special attention must be paid to the connection of the worm with the intermediate shaft, distortions and misalignments are not allowed here
It is also necessary to align the direction of the bipod and the steering wheel. The average position of the bipod can be determined by counting the number of shaft revolutions and dividing by two. Next, tighten the gearbox mounting nuts (it is advisable to install new ones), attach the steering rods to the bipod. Fill the gear housing with oil and use the adjusting bolt to select the play in the steering gear. To avoid damage to wheel tires and loss of controllability of the VAZ vehicle 2121
, it is necessary to diagnose the camber (toe) on a stand.
By adhering to these simple recommendations, you can improve the handling of the VAZ, increase driving safety, and the durability of the steering gearbox and the mechanism as a whole. Application of steering gear
the worm type on the VAZ
2121
has been paying off for many years, not to mention decades.
Having the need for periodic adjustment and maintenance, the gearbox ensures trouble-free operation throughout its entire service life. The simplicity of the design makes it possible to confidently operate the car in any road conditions, without fear that the steering wheel will fail. The gearbox
has high maintainability and is easy to maintain.
Transmission
The Niva 4x4 transmission system has the following filling volumes:
- transfer case - 0.79 l;
- gearbox - 1.6 l;
- rear axle - gearbox - 1.3 l;
- front axle - crankcase - 1.15 l;
- steering column - crankcase - 0.18-0.2 l.
| Lower limit of ambient temperature, °C | -15 | -25 | -25 | -30 | -40 |
| Upper limit of ambient temperature, °C | 45 | 45 | 35 | 45 | 35 |
| SAE lubricant viscosity grade | 85W-90 | 80W-90 | 80W-85 | 75W-90 | 75W-80 75W-85 |
Also interesting: VAZ-2121 technical specifications
As stated in the operating instructions, transmission lubricants need to be changed once every 30 thousand km. mileage At the same time, replacement is not provided for in the steering mechanism housing, only an addition through the top plug. The “native” oil for Zhiguli transmission units is considered to be TAD17I.
Transmission oils have good penetrating ability. Therefore, poorly clamped plugs and worn gaskets of units begin to gradually leak lubricant. In such situations, it is allowed to add oil of the same viscosity class and, preferably, the same manufacturer. If you do not top up during a leak, the lubricant level in the unit will decrease, which will lead to accelerated wear of expensive mechanisms.
Comments 8
The manufacturer does not give clear recommendations on the frequency of replacing fluid in the hydraulic system, so we recommend replacing it after six years, regardless of its condition. For use in the hydraulic system of the amplifier, the manufacturer recommends the fluid - Pentosin Hidraulik Fluid CHF11S oil. However, for technological reasons, on vehicles starting with VIN No. X9L21230040005880, the hydraulic system uses Shell Donax TA D-21631 (Dexron II) working fluid.
, and with VIN No. X9L21230040006248 - Ravenol Dexron II D. Cars filled with Shell Donax oil have a mark on the tank - “*”, and cars filled with Ravenol Dexron II D - “R”, but on cars of the latest production these marks may missing. Dexron II fluids (red) cannot be mixed with Pentosin Hidraulik Fluid CHF11S (green). It is possible to completely replace the fluid after flushing the power steering hydraulic system.
Clear. What to wash with? Or rinse with the same liquid?
You buy Pentosin CHF 11S2 liters and pump it completely!
What color is he? They say these liquids, like antifreeze, come in different colors. Just wondering how they differ? And how to pump it properly?
Light green. Pour Pentosin CHF 11S and don’t worry. It’s easy to pump. You put the car on bricks, one turns the steering wheel back and forth into the bottle, the other adds water. and so on until new fluid flows. In general, it’s better to read the maintenance manual or go to a service center..
I've only ever had new cars serviced, but here I'd rather do it myself...
What color is he? They say these liquids, like antifreeze, come in different colors. Just wondering how they differ? And how to pump it properly?
Set the steering wheel to the middle position and start the engine for 10-15 seconds. After the specified time, turn off the engine, but do not rotate the steering wheel itself, leave it in the same position. Next, turn the steering wheel all the way in any direction. Bleeding the power steering system steering wheel Niva Chevrolet
We remove the protective rubber cap from the air release valve (if it was not installed, then after repair work, be sure to install it so that the drain channel does not become clogged). Having removed the cap, unscrew the air release valve several turns. Without turning the valve, turn the steering wheel in the opposite direction until it stops, and air should come out of the valve.
Without moving the steering wheel, tighten the valve. Add fluid to the reservoir and start the engine, turn the steering wheel in both directions until it stops, but do not hold it in its extreme positions. With such actions, air bubbles should appear in the tank. We continue such turns until air bubbles stop appearing in the tank, after which we stop the engine. We bring the fluid level in the tank to the recommended level.
If you find oil stains in the area of the power steering, then most likely the source of the oil leak is the power steering system pipes. Regular and high pressure hoses must be checked and replaced if necessary.
Before you begin to independently replace the fluid in the power steering (power steering) of your VAZ, read the information from the manufacturer about the types and brands of fluid used in the car. Most models use Pentosin Hydraulic Fluid CHF 11S VW52137.
I would like to note that the procedure for replacing power steering fluid is not complicated and will take you no more than an hour of time. So, let's get started. We hang the front of the car on a jack and place a stop under the front part of the sills.
Then, using a syringe with an extension in the form of a plastic tube, we pump out the waste fluid from the power steering reservoir. After the fluid in the tank runs out, turn the steering wheel all the way to the left. Oil will appear in the reservoir again. We pump it out and turn the steering wheel all the way to the right. We pump out the resulting liquid again.
We carry out this procedure until the power steering reservoir runs out of fluid.
Next, we remove the hose that comes from the passenger compartment and enters the tank (shown with a short arrow in the figure), and then turn the steering wheel from side to side, a certain amount of oil should come out. Then we turn the steering wheel several times in different directions until it stops, which will get rid of any remaining oil in the system. And then we put the hose in its place.
Now let's start filling the hydraulic system with new oil. In this case, we’ll take power steering oil Castrol ATF Dex II Multivehicle. We will need approximately 800 grams.
Fill the reservoir with fluid to the maximum level and begin to turn the steering wheel all the way, first to the left and then to the right.
Now we start the engine for a while and turn it off. Then we turn the steering wheel again. During these operations, the liquid in the tank will decrease, do not forget to add it.
At the end, we pump and remove air from the power steering. To do this, turn the steering wheel with the car turned off 10 times in each direction. Then the same amount with the engine running.
After replacing the power steering fluid, you should feel that the steering wheel has begun to rotate much easier _________________________________________________________________________________________________________ There is another way to replace the power steering fluid. Its essence is to replace old oil with new one. This method is of higher quality, since it is possible to completely get rid of the old oil, but at the same time you will need twice as much new oil.
For this procedure you will need an assistant 1. Pump out the fluid from the power steering reservoir; 2. Remove the return hose from the tank and turn it off, for example, with another hose with a pinched end; 3. We put another hose on the return line and lead it under the car into a previously prepared container; 4. Fill the reservoir with liquid to the maximum level, the assistant starts the engine; 5.
And in conclusion, we invite you to familiarize yourself with the procedure for replacing power steering hoses on a VAZ car
