The first speed wipers of VAZ 2114 do not work

Nowadays you won’t surprise anyone with the presence of wipers. But if they are absent or malfunctioning, serious problems arise. Especially when it's raining or snowing outside.

Wipers can operate in several modes. It depends on the car itself and its functionality. Switching is carried out using the steering column lever. The driver can independently select the mode and speed, or set automatic operation associated with a rain sensor and more.

One of the modes is intermittent. Most often this is the first mode on the steering column switch. Its essence is that the brushes move from side to side, stopping for 2-3 seconds. This is one of the most popular modes.

But often car owners have to deal with situations where the wipers do not work. To be more precise, the desired mode does not work.

Troubleshooting windshield wipers

A fuse or other element of the electrical circuit has failed: If the wipers no longer cope with their task, first of all you should check the fuse, which is located on the left side of the car interior under the device that regulates the headlights. The burnt element must be replaced with a serviceable one, but if it is working, then the electrical wires connecting the fuse to the rest of the control devices should be checked. Using a multimeter, a faulty section of an electrical circuit is determined. The serviceability of a particular section is indicated on the testing device by the number “zero”. A lot of numbers on the monitor indicate that the technician will have to check all electrical wires and terminals. They need to be checked if the wipers on the VAZ 2114 work on their own.

Damage to the wiper relay: If there are problems with the operation of the VAZ 2114 relay, the wipers can function only in the third mode and without pauses. In this case, it is advisable to change the relay itself. It happens that such operation of the windshield wipers is associated with the failure of the limit switch.

Oxidized contacts

To ensure the necessary current supply, you should:

clean damaged areas with terminal crimping;
change all faulty wires;
replace the shift lever.

If there are oxidized or burnt wires in the electrical circuit, then you need to:

eliminate damaged areas by stripping the terminals;
bend the contact blades if necessary.

Most often, cleaning the contacts helps when the wipers operate slowly, in cases where they stop frequently or are unable to reach the lowest position. If there is no positive result after cleaning the electrical wires, the technician will be forced to completely change the gear motor.

Commutator failure: The device may be completely faulty - when the commutator fails, the fuse brushes or its individual parts - teeth, cranks - may break.

Failure of the gear motor: Often, the failure of the gear motor is the reason why the rear wiper does not work on the VAZ 2114. In case of such a problem, it is necessary to check the weight of the gearmotor and its tightening. It is better to clean the mass and attach it to a new place. The rear wiper on a VAZ 2114 may not work if the wire located at the junction between the trunk lid and the roof of the car breaks.

Trapezoid failure: Complete replacement of the VAZ 2114 wiper trapezoid is necessary if the described troubleshooting methods do not help. Every car enthusiast who understands the structure of a vehicle can easily do this work. This will only take 30 minutes. You must first purchase a new trapezoid from a Russian or foreign manufacturer. Also, to replace the VAZ 2114 windshield wiper trapezoid, you will need an extension cord, a flashlight, a 10mm wrench, a ratchet wrench, and Phillips and slotted screwdrivers.

The relay is activated, but the motor does not start

Having discovered such a sign, we can assume that one of the above-mentioned fuses or the electric motor itself has failed. We check the fuses with a multimeter. If everything is in order with them, open the hood and inspect the trapezoid for deformation or the presence of a foreign object in the structure. In winter, it is possible for the wiper blades to freeze to the windshield. This phenomenon is accompanied by similar symptoms, so if the VAZ-2109’s wipers do not work in frosty weather, first check their condition.

If the trapezoid is in working condition and the wiper blades are movable, you will have to remove the electric motor for diagnostics. To completely eliminate other malfunctions, after dismantling the electric motor, connect it directly to the battery terminals. If it works, look for the cause in the electrical circuit; if not, contact an auto electrician.

Intermittent wiper mode does not work, reasons

Using the example of the windshield wiper (windshield wipers) of VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars, we will find out the causes of the malfunction - the intermittent wiper mode does not work.

Symptoms of a problem

When you move the right lever of the steering column switch to the lower fixed position (including intermittent mode), the wiper blades do not react in any way and do not move anywhere, or they move, but without interruption. In the second and third positions (first and second speed of the purifier) they work normally.

Causes of the malfunction: “The intermittent wiper mode does not work”

To determine why the intermittent wiper mode does not work, you need to measure the voltage at the control points using the circuit diagram for switching it on in order to understand where the electrical circuit breaks.

Scheme for switching on the intermittent operation of wipers (windshield wipers) on VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099 cars

— The right steering column switch is faulty

When you turn on the intermittent mode, moving the lever of the right steering column switch closes contacts “53a” (“plus” from the ignition switch) and “J” (output to the wiper relay) and contacts “53e” (“plus” from the wiper relay) and “53 "(output to the gear motor brush).

To determine the serviceability of the switch, you need to remove the block from it and check for the presence of voltage at contact “53a” with the ignition on (is there any current flowing to the switch at all?). If there is current. We clean the contacts, turn on the intermittent mode and check for the presence of voltage at pin “53”. If it is not there, the switch is faulty.

Mechanical faults

mechanics Often the wipers on a VAZ 2110 car do not work due to a banal loosening of the nut that presses the brush holder to the trapezoid shaft.
You can restore the system's functionality instantly by adjusting the angle of the brush and tightening the lever with a nut. An unscrewed nut that facilitates the transmission of torque from the gearbox to the trapezoid can be reported by one of two events:

the electric motor remains operational in all modes, but both brushes do not move;
the brushes spontaneously stop working in an intermediate position.

However, stopping of the brush holders in an arbitrary position can occur due to poor pressing of the “limit switch” contacts to the gear motor gear or oxidation/burning of the same contacts. And the brushes are not able to move even after chipping the teeth of the gears, which do not have a long service life - after all, they are made of plastic.

Wiper control

The wipers are controlled from a switch mounted on the steering column, which allows the wiper to operate in several modes, necessary in different weather conditions. The VAZ-2114 car has three types of wiper movement:

intermittent mode;
constant low speed of movement;
constant high.

Often in VAZ cars the windshield wiper does not want to work in only one mode, so you need to know not only the design, but also the mechanism for controlling the glass cleaning system.

Intermittent mode begins to operate in the first and second positions of the switch. A relay located on the circuit board of the car and designated in the diagram as “Short circuit” is responsible for its operation. In the third position of the switch, the wipers operate in constant mode at a low speed. To switch the wiper to constant high-speed mode, you need to turn on the fourth position.

Wiper relay

Problems with the relay are considered the most likely and most common when the intermittent wiper mode fails.

When the brushes do not return to their original position, we can almost certainly say that the reason is a faulty relay. If in parallel the wipers operate in other switch positions, then the culprit is 100% found. This is a relay.

It is important to understand that other modes of the windshield wiper blades on the car operate and are connected bypassing the breaker relay used in the circuit. That is, the connection goes directly to the contacts of the switch.

If the main suspect is the relay, it will need to be replaced. There is no point in trying to restore the element.

The following procedure is required:

find the location of the breaker relay on your car;
dismantle the faulty element;
write down the device number exactly or take it with you;
purchase a similar part using the item number;
make sure that the new relay fits your car;
install the breaker relay in place, acting in the reverse order of dismantling;
It is necessary to carry out the work provided that the ignition and steering column switch are turned off;
turn the ignition key without starting the engine;
Check the windshield wiper for operation in intermittent mode.

This completes the work. If everything is now functioning normally, you have managed to find the cause and eliminate it.

Reasons for wiper failure

There may be several reasons why the windshield wipers of the VAZ 2114 do not work.

The most common of them are:

Fuse failure.
Malfunctions in the operation of the electric motor.
Breakage of the drive trapezoid or its individual rods.
Broken steering column switch.

The first problem can be solved most simply - you just need to check and, if necessary, replace fuses F16 and F7 (they are located in the common fuse block).

The second reason is the failure of the electric motor (geared motor) driving the device. Such a malfunction is extremely rare, since the electric motor breaks down infrequently, being one of the most reliable elements in the design of wipers.

You can check whether the motor is working properly by disconnecting the rods from it and connecting it directly to the power source. If the rotor does not spin, the gear motor is faulty and should be replaced.

This must be done in the following order:

disconnect the electric motor from the fuse box;
put a mark on the rod (crank) in order to fix its position;
remove the fasteners securing the rod;
remove the bolts securing the trapezoid;
remove the gear motor.

Installing a new motor is done in exactly the same order, but in reverse order.

Another common reason why the wipers on the VAZ 2114 stop working is the breakage of the trapezoid. You can determine it visually, and, in case of breakdown, replace the entire unit.

It is not recommended to independently restore a worn or bent trapezoid - it is better to replace it with a new, similar one. This will help maintain the correct balance of the wipers and their correct clamping force.

Sometimes it happens that one VAZ 2114 wiper does not work (or works incorrectly), while the other functions properly. The reason for this may be souring of the bushings at the joints of the trapezoid rods. Fixing such a malfunction is simple - just lubricate all the hinges of the moving mechanism. If the reason that only one wiper is working is because its rod or lever is broken, then, again, the entire trapezoid should be replaced with a new one.

The windshield wiper does not respond to turning on or switching modes

If you are trying to turn on the windshield wiper, but your VAZ-2109 wipers do not work, and when you switch the lever you do not hear the relay clicks or the sound of the electric motor running, the reason may lie either in the switch, the relay, or the fuses.

In this case, you must first check the integrity of the wiper fuse. It is located in the mounting block and is designated F5. You can check it using a multimeter turned on in tester mode. Next we move on to the bimetallic fuse installed in the purifier gearbox. If the wipers on a VAZ-2109 stop working in winter, this may be the reason. This fuse was equipped with the latest modifications of the “nines”. Its role is to protect the wiper motor from overheating in cases where the brushes freeze to the glass. You can check it with the same multimeter turned on in tester mode.

Washer problems

For optimal and efficient operation of windshield wipers, they require a constant supply of water. To automate this process, engineers have developed a device called a washer.

Washer system diagram

Breakdowns and ways to fix them are different. Let's get to know them in more detail.

The steering column switch does not work. Make sure of this by closing two contacts under the steering wheel - front contact 53ah-w, rear - 53ah-wh, and then measure the resistance. If it is low, the switch is replaced with a new one.
There is no water flowing through the washer pump. It should also be replaced.
Dirt has formed in the injectors. Use a sharp needle to clean them.
The wire that connects the pump and the switch has broken. You understand that the only option is replacement.
Relay K3 is faulty. Again, you have no choice but to change the relay.
The hose ruptured and its integrity was compromised. What do you think should be done in such a situation? Absolutely right - change the hose.

Trapezoid repair

If the wipers on a VAZ 2114 work slowly, this indicates the need to repair the trapezoid. Although in reality it cannot be repaired, you just need to replace the failed element.

Replacing the trapezoid

Replacement will be required in case of mechanical damage. The procedure is quite simple, but here you will have to follow a certain sequence.

Disconnect the wires under the hood that connect to the fuse box.
Remove the protective cover that covers the heater fan.
Remove the heater (stove) filter.
Turn off the heater motor. It simply slides to the side; there is no need to dismantle it.
The cover is removed from the wiper.
Under the rubber protection cover there is a nut that holds the windshield wiper. You need to lift the cover a little and the nut will be easy to unscrew. Remove the wiper.
Remove the rings and gaskets from the wiper shaft.
Carry out a similar procedure with the second wiper.
Under the hood, remove the bolts that connect the trapezoid to the body.
Remove the fuse box and the stove motor, or unscrew the gear motor from the trapezoid, after which the motor and trapezoid are removed one by one. These are two ways that will allow you to get a failed trapezoid.

Trapezoid - the mechanism for direct operation of the wipers

One of the most complex mechanisms in the wiper system kit is the trapezoid. Today, no car manufacturer has such a reliable wiper drive mechanism to guarantee long-term operation of the device. Banal jamming of brushes or excessive emphasis on the glass, improper activation of the wipers, freezing to the glass in winter - all these reasons can be detrimental to the trapezoid. Among the possibilities for restoring this mechanism, it is worth highlighting only a few possible steps:

purchasing a new trapezoid is often the best step for domestic cars, in which the wiper mechanism costs about 1000-1500 rubles;
for foreign cars, purchasing a new trapezoid will cost exorbitant amounts of money, so in this case, repairs should be made and broken parts restored;
Often the bushings and tips in trapezoids fail, which are often plastic and are terribly resistant to frost, so they can simply be replaced;
if it is not easy to find a repair kit for a trapezoid for your car, you can try installing bushings and other parts from other cars of a similar class;
Direct replacement of the trapezoid is necessary if even repair work does not eliminate the problem, or after repair the mechanism begins to tap during operation.

Dimensions

In fact, the size of the wipers on the VAZ 2114 plays a fairly large role in the quality and efficiency of glass cleaning.

Windshield wiper wiring diagram

If the standard length of the brushes is exceeded, the force of pressing the brush against the glass decreases, which reduces the efficiency of cleaning the surface. Plus, a device that is too large may begin to touch elements that no longer belong on the windshield. For example, the edges of a door.

Small brushes are also not good, because then the cleaning area is reduced and not the entire glass surface is cleaned, which would provide the required visibility for the driver.

Then what should be the size of these same brushes in the case of the “fourteenth” model?

The windshield of the VAZ 2114 has two blades of the same size - 51 centimeters. The brush on the driver's side can be replaced with an element 53 centimeters long, but on the passenger's side it is important to leave 51 cm. Otherwise, a strip of cleaned water will remain on the glass between the driver and passenger.
There is also a cleaner on the rear window of the VAZ 2114. But in this case, the size of the element is 30 centimeters. It is possible to install the wiper at 33 centimeters, which allows it to fit perfectly into the dimensions of the rear window. Some even install components at 40 centimeters, but in this case you will definitely have to increase the wiper stroke limit. To do this, remove the motor, shift the teeth by several units and put it in place.

Alternative

When choosing wipers, not only their size matters, but also the device, as well as the manufacturer. For VAZ 2110 of all years of manufacture there is one size for the wiper on the driver or passenger side - 20″ (wiper length 508 mm).

However, you should know that you can usually increase the size to 53 cm, but no more, otherwise the windshield wipers will not cope with the task assigned to them, and the drive may fail, because the leash is not designed for such a load. In addition, such wipers creak during operation and can operate jerkily.

If the size is chosen incorrectly, the mechanism will fail faster. In principle, many people use the “original” VAZ wipers and are satisfied with them. But it is possible to modify windshield wipers from other companies, often of higher quality.

For example, for many, frameless brushes (especially Boshevsky ones) are very attractive. They are compact and have a special leash mechanism. However, they do not look particularly nice on a VAZ, since their fastening to the arm of a regular frame wiper turns out to be massive. These brushes need some work.

The VAZ 2112/2111 model has a rear wiper, its size is 11″ (27.9 cm).

Both regular replacement and modification of wipers begin with disconnecting the negative terminal of the battery. Then you need to pull the wiper towards you and remove the brushes.

If there is a decorative trim, it should be removed. Unscrew the bolt and remove the old wiper. Be sure to compare the size of the new windshield wiper with the old one. It will be better if the size of the windshield wiper on the VAZ 2110 does not exceed its predecessor by more than 2 cm. Install everything in the reverse order.

Check to see if the new brushes are squeaking and how they obey the “commands” of the switch. They should work quickly at high engine speeds, and slowly at low and intermittent modes. That, in fact, is the entire repair of VAZ wipers.

Replacing the motor

In practice, replacing wipers on a VAZ 2114 may be necessary in several cases. The most common is the failure of the gear motor.

There are different reasons:

The brushes constantly work, the shutdown relay does not work;
Turning on the regulator does not allow the wipers to start;
Sometimes the windshield wipers simply do not turn off when the corresponding buttons are pressed, etc.

To avoid breaking the teeth of the new gear motor due to the crank (the curved rod that connects the motor and the trapezoid arms), proceed in the following sequence:

Turn off the safety block.
Mark the crank position.
Disconnect the crank fasteners.
Unscrew the trapezoid fixing bolts.
Remove the motor.

The wipers on the VAZ-2109 work slowly

The reasons for reducing the speed of brush movement are:

low air temperature;
wear (licking) of the splines connecting the levers and wiper housings;
problems with the electric motor.

In the first case, the wipers may move more slowly than usual due to the grease solidifying on the gearbox gears. As a rule, when the car warms up, this problem disappears.

When the spline joint wears out, the brushes can also move more slowly due to the rotation of the lever tips in their seats. This problem is solved by replacing worn elements.

If these measures do not bring the desired result, we remove the electric motor and send it for repair.