How to change a wiper motor: simple tips from experienced car owners

The device has found its application not only in passenger cars, but also in all other types of vehicles. Even large submarines, helicopters and airplanes are equipped with windshield wipers, which perform an irreplaceable role and at the same time have a very simple operating principle. When the wipers operate, excess water, dirt and other foreign objects on the windshield begin to be removed.

Car models have several operating modes: with a given period of time; constant; single. The auxiliary mechanism supplies water to remove large amounts of dust or dirt from the windshield.

How to remove the windshield wiper gear motor?

To remove the gear motor, we only need to unscrew 4 fasteners! But there are two nuances:

not convenient location;
you need to remember the position of the crank.

The crank is a curved rod from the motor to the trapezoid rods. If you do not install the crank correctly, there is a high probability of damaging the teeth on the new motor.

So:

Open the hood, disconnect the wiring block from the fuse block to the gear motor.
We remember (indicate with a marker) the position of the crank.
We unscrew the fastening of the piston to the motor with a key set to “13” and remove it.
Using a “10” wrench, unscrew the three bolts securing the gear motor to the trapezoid.
We take out the gear motor.

If the gear motor cannot be pulled out, unscrew the fastenings of the fuse block and move it away.

Replacement process

The easiest way to get rid of problems with VAZ-2110 windshield wipers is to contact a service station. There the trapeze will be replaced in an hour or an hour and a half. But if unscrupulous repairmen notice that the owner does not understand the cause of the breakdown at all, they can repair the car for half a day, saying that the problem is very serious.

Therefore, the best option that will save money is to replace the part yourself . This process works as follows:

First of all, you will need to dismantle the old trapezoid. To do this, you will have to disassemble and remove the windshield wiper arms. To do this, you will have to unscrew two nuts with a 12mm wrench. When removing the levers, you need to be careful, since powerful springs create a problem when removing them. It is better to bend the leashes first.

Disconnect the wiper motor gear pads.

Unscrew the nut of the left trapezoid fastening.

Checking the functionality of the mechanisms

How to give new life to worn out windshield wipers.
how to change rubber bands on frameless wipers: video instructions and advice from professionals replacing rubber bands in frame wipers At the repair stage or during a preventative check of windshield wipers, you can identify problems in the device in several ways. The quality of the mechanism is primarily determined by the function of the brush and its position in the brush holder. The cleaning elements must move freely and easily at the specified speed. The electric motor itself is checked by a tester. In particular, such diagnostics makes it possible to detect irregularities in contacts and connections. When disassembled, the device allows you to evaluate the condition of the gearbox gear - in particular, the mentioned teeth and threads on the rollers are checked. The remaining components can be checked with the naked eye, even with a superficial inspection.

Front windshield wiper motor for VAZ Classic, Niva, Oka

Repair of wipers on VAZ 2107

Dear customers, in order to avoid errors when sending a windshield wiper gear motor, please indicate your car model and year of manufacture in the “Comment” line.

The windshield wiper drive motor is most often replaced by the following terms: wiper motor, wiper motor (electric motor), gear motor drive, wiper motor, wiper gear motor, windshield wiper. Therefore, if you hear these terms, then know that we are talking about the same thing.

The electric motor of the wiper mechanism is designed to drive the windshield wiper arm system. The electric motor is installed in a niche under the windshield and is connected by a shaft to the windshield wiper lever system. Power supply and control of the operating modes of the electric motor are carried out using a standard connector. The motor and gearbox are made in a closed housing with protection from dust and atmospheric moisture entering the electrical parts and mechanisms of the electric motor.

The windshield wiper consists of a gear motor, levers and brushes. The electric motor of the cleaner is three-brush, excited by permanent magnets. To protect against overloads, a thermobimetallic fuse is installed in it, and capacitors and chokes are installed to reduce radio interference.

Technical characteristics of the windshield wiper gear motor 21030-3730000 Rated voltage 12 V;

Rated power 6 W;

Maximum current 2.8 A;

Rated speed 60 min -1.

Windshield wiper: 1 — rear armature shaft bushing; 2 — felt ring; 3 — electric motor housing; 4 - permanent magnet; 5 - anchor; 6 - collector; 7 — traverse with brush holders, chokes and thermobimetallic fuses; 8 — front armature shaft bushing; 9 — panel with noise-suppressing capacitors and limit switch contacts; 10 — block of intermediate gears; 11 - cover; 12 — gear housing; 13 — driven gear; 14 — output shaft of the gearmotor; 15 — block of intermediate gears.

The windshield wiper motor has three operating modes, they are activated by the right steering column switch. Intermittent mode is provided by a K2 type electronic relay installed in the mounting block. This relay also turns on the wiper motor at low speed when the windshield washer is turned on.

When the gearmotor operates at low speed in constant mode, the supply voltage is supplied to diametrically opposed brushes. When the gear motor operates at maximum speed, “+” power is supplied to the brush located on the side. To unload the contacts of the ignition switch, the electric motor is connected through an additional relay KB in the mounting block.

Other articles of the product and its analogues in the catalogs: 673.5205 100, ME 241, YaIUSH. 523612.015, 21030373000000.

VAZ 2101-074, VAZ 2121-213, VAZ 1111.

Any breakdown is not the end of the world, but a completely solvable problem!

What are the causes of problems with the gearmotor (electric motor) of the wipers in a VAZ family car.

How to independently replace the gearmotor (electric motor) of a windshield wiper on a VAZ family car.

With the AvtoAzbuka online store, repair costs will be minimal.

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Motor repair

Many people think that replacing the motor with a similar one from a foreign car can solve the problem with the slow operation of the wipers, but in fact, it is often enough just to clean and lubricate the “original” engine.

If the speed of operation causes complaints, then it is necessary to check how easily the armature rotates: if movement is difficult, damage or excessive wear of the brushes should be suspected. They are easy to replace with new ones.

Cleaning the collector will also help - this will require fine sandpaper. The need for this procedure is said:

visible contamination;
noticeable scratches;
grooves on the metal.

It will be necessary to replace the armature or gearbox along with the complete motor if the manifold is too worn or burnt.

Adjusting the operating speed is necessary if the windshield wipers operate too slowly. This is facilitated by:

incorrect (too tight) lubrication;
gear wear;
rod deformation

Eliminating these problems basically makes it possible to speed up the wipers and, moreover, significantly.

If you encounter any difficulties, this diagram will help you figure out what you are doing wrong.

wiper gearbox (1);
thermobimetallic fuse (2);
motor (3);
washer valve (3);
mounting block (4);
ignition switch (5) and relay (6);
switch (7);
K3 front wiper relay (8);
“A” – the contacts of the wiper pads are marked;
“B” – output to pin 30 of the generator terminal;
a – second speed;
b – first;
c – switch spring;
d and e – his contacts;
noise filtering capacitors – C1, C2;
chokes – L1, L2.

In this post we will talk about repairs and malfunctions in the windshield wiper of a VAZ 2101 car

. Before you begin, you can read the previous article: and find a lot of useful information on this topic.

Based on the design of the Zhiguli windshield wiper

, basically their gear motors fail, in other words, the motor and its reduction gearbox. In this case, the faulty windshield wiper motor is replaced with a new one, this concerns a global breakdown.

But if you have minor malfunctions, wear of the gearmotor gear, oxidation of the contacts of the motor commutator, defects in the parts of the lever mechanism, or you just need to adjust the limit switches, then you can carry out this type of repair yourself.

The main elements and mechanisms of the windshield wiper in Zhiguli are installed under the windshield frame panel and include:

— electric DC motor with excitation from permanent magnets with a gearbox;

— windshield wiper trapezoid (drive levers);

— wiper blades with holders (on the windshield);

— relay, wires and switch (on the steering column).

unscrew the wiper blades with holders;
disconnect the wires from the wiper motor and terminals with;
remove the equalizers by first unscrewing the nuts securing the lever fittings;
dismantle the windshield wiper assembly, first unscrewing the nuts of the motor bracket;
Perhaps a workbench will help you to remove the gearmotor from the mounting bracket, and then disassemble the lever drive;
Installation of the windshield wiper after repair is carried out in the reverse order.

After you have repaired your windshield wiper

, you need to connect it so that it does several working cycles. The wiper blades must be installed (in the lower position) – 50 mm from the glass seal. After complete assembly, we check what we have achieved and, if necessary, make adjustments.

Schematic diagram of a car's windshield wiper and washer

1 – washer motor; 2 – purifier switch and ; 3 – windshield wiper relay; 4 – motor with purifier gearbox; 5 - ; 6 – ignition switch; 7 – generator; 8 - .

1 – gearbox cover; 2 – panel; 3 – large gear of the reducer; 4 – steel washer; 5 – textolite washer; 6 – cracker; 7 – body; 8 – motor anchor; 9 – crank; 10 – retaining ring; 11 – protective cap; 12 – spring washer; 13 – sealing ring; 14 – adjusting washer; 15 – thrust bearing; 16 – electric motor cover.

This gearbox is called a worm gearbox because of the type of gear, which also serves as the armature axis of the windshield wiper motor.

The procedure for disassembling the gearmotor (motor with gearbox) of the windshield wiper, diagram above:

First of all, unscrew the gearbox cover No. 1 and remove panel No. 2;

Then we disassemble the electric motor, cover screws 16;

Carefully remove the motor anchor;

You will have to unscrew the crank nut and remove the locking ring in order to remove the main gear, on the axis of which crank 9 is installed;

We check the condition of the commutator and brushes of the electric motor of the windshield wiper motor, clean everything and preferably blow it with compressed air;

Pay attention to the free movement of the gear motor brushes;

Carry out maintenance of the collector; to do this, clean its contacts with fine sandpaper, wipe and lubricate with technical petroleum jelly. A damaged (carbon deposits, wear) collector is not allowed for further operation;

The procedure for assembling the windshield wiper gearmotor:

I will not list everything in reverse order regarding the order of assembling the gearbox (motor) of the VAZ 2101, but let’s just pay attention to some points.

When you install the electric motor armature back, do it slowly and slowly, watch the brushes so as not to break or damage them, this also applies to the poles of the cleaner motor;

In order to check how everything worked out for you after assembly, connect the gearmotor to the on-board network, but before that, tap the gearbox housing with a wooden hammer to align the bearings.

Below we will look at the malfunctions of the windshield wiper electric motor and additional elements that are present in the circuit of the Kopeyka 2101 and other similar domestic cars and find out how to carry out repairs on our own.

Advice for motorists

When carrying out work with the electrical equipment of any car, it is not superfluous to use the so-called tester - an electronic measuring device that will help you ring the circuits and measure the resistance in the windings, for example, or the voltage on the contacts, and in general it is not replaceable in the household.

Frequent malfunctions of the VAZ 2101 windshield wiper motor and methods for repairing them:

The electric motor (motor) of the windshield wiper does not turn on, the bimetallic fuse does not work and fuse No. 2 in the fuse block is intact

First you need to check the integrity of the wires and their contacts, if you find damage, repair them; it would not be a bad idea to clean the contacts at all connections.

A failure of the windshield wiper switch can also cause a problem.

, you know what to do, just change it.

The motor (electric motor) may not work if the commutator contacts are burnt or heavily oxidized, or the brushes are stuck. To repair this malfunction, everything needs to be checked, cleaned or replaced.

You need to pay attention and check the integrity of the wires going from the block to the wiper motor brushes.

It is also worth checking the thermal bimetallic fuse, if you need to clean the contacts or throw it away altogether and install a new one.

With the tester I talked about, you can ring the armature winding of the electric motor (motor), if it doesn’t ring, replace the armature with a new one or the entire wiper gear motor.

The windshield wiper motor is not heard to operate, the bimetallic fuse is tripped, or fuse No. 2 in the fuse box constantly blows

First, let's check if anything is interfering with our levers for normal operation and if they are bent.

If it’s winter, then most likely the wiper blades could freeze to the windshield. Experienced drivers solve this problem simply, for example, at night, they bend them away from the glass.

And the saddest reason, which cannot be quickly eliminated, is a short circuit (short circuit) of the motor armature. It can be repaired in two ways: - by replacing the gearbox assembled with the engine; — installation of a new anchor.

Intermittent wiper does not turn on

If you have this problem, then the cause may be the windshield wiper switch on the steering wheel axle or its relay. Everything is clear with the first malfunction, but you will have to tinker with the relay; it may have a short circuit, a break, or a gap between the contacts. If you are unable to repair it yourself, then simply replace it.

Wiper does not stop intermittently

Most likely the windshield wiper relay has failed.

, it needs to be replaced.

There are problems with the limit switch, the gear cam of the gearbox does not press the spring plate, in this case it just needs to be bent.

If this type of repair does not produce positive results, then clean the limit switch contacts in the gear motor or in the windshield wiper breaker relay.

The wiper gear operates in intermittent mode, but the wipers are not positioned at the starting point.

This problem is caused by poor contact in the limit switch.

The windshield wiper gear motor turns on, but the wiper blades do not move:

Check the gear motor, most likely the main gear is damaged and needs to be replaced.

Perhaps the crank on the axis of the main gear of the gearbox has become unscrewed.

Below we will look at how to disassemble and then assemble an electric windshield wiper motor and its gearbox.

The front windshield wiper on the Lada Priora has a design similar to the tenth family, so this repair will be similar. But still, some points will be different. So, repair or replacement of some parts usually occurs for the following reasons:

Windshield wiper motor failure
Trapezoid failure
The occurrence of increased play in the operation of the trapezoid

To make repairs or replacements yourself, you will need the following tools:

Ratchet handles
Extension
Head for 10 and 13 mm
Sharp knife or screwdriver
Phillips screwdriver

What is a windshield wiper motor?

How to stop wipers squeaking on a car window

All cars, trucks and other vehicles are already equipped from the factory with mechanisms for cleaning glass, including windshield wiper blades. In its standard form, it consists of two holders with rubber bands on the windshield and one holder on the rear window (for cars with a station wagon or hatchback body). All windshield wipers have three modes of operation, during which they move quickly, slowly or at an intermittent pace.

All windshield wipers are equipped with a special electric motor with geared torque transmission. Two mechanisms designed to operate the windshield wipers are attached to the motor shaft. One rotates the wipers to a certain position on the windshield, and the second is responsible for moving the wipers to their original position. The lever system supports the wipers throughout operation.

In fact, the electric motor rotates without stopping, and a special mechanism is responsible for moving the wipers, which allows them to rotate and quickly return to their original position. This mechanism is called a trapezoid wiper. It consists of a set of levers that move the wipers across the windshield.

In addition to the windshield wipers, the glass washer system is also responsible for a normal view of the front of the road. It is a tank with a special liquid, which, under the action of a pump installed in the tank, is pumped into the system and sprayed on the windshield

It is extremely important that these mechanisms are always in good working order. This is due to the fact that on the planned day of the trip the weather can easily turn bad and driving with a faulty windshield wiper system can become very dangerous.

Windshield wiper motor repair

There are several factors and reasons that can cause such an important device to fail. In most cases, this occurs when there is no contact between the commutators and the brushes. If after inspecting the motor and thoroughly cleaning the contacts the problem does not disappear, you will most likely have to disassemble it and replace it.

However, before taking such drastic action, there are a few more ways to take decisive action to consider. If the gearbox is stuck and the levers are jammed, most likely a certain fuse in the system, called a bimetallic fuse, has tripped. As a result, the system will not be able to cope with its responsibilities and will cause additional problems for the driver.

True, if you remove the part in time and carry out the appropriate repairs by replacing the fuse, most likely the malfunction will be eliminated in a short time. Provided that everything is done correctly, the windshield wiper will start working normally, as before.

The development of cases where the device is capable of operating only in a specific speed mode cannot be ruled out. This problem is of a completely different nature and lies in a problem with the switch or resistor. Here the brushes do not come to the lower position at all, which makes it necessary to adjust the stopping mechanism.

Situations where strange sounds and noises are heard when starting the windshield wiper are also not uncommon. If such phenomena are in no way related to dry glass, perhaps we are talking about some more serious problem.

As mentioned above, the design characteristics of the wiper motor are extremely simple and understandable. There are small brush levers on the fingers, which most often make an unpleasant sound. Sometimes it happens that the mechanism begins to sour in the bracket bushings due to a violation of the protection. As a result, dirt and water get inside.

If, after a final check of the device, no malfunctions are found, but the noise still makes it difficult to live in peace, the need to replace the motor cannot be ruled out. Now you should disconnect the device from the electrical supply, and then begin dismantling work.

Motor Troubleshooting

There are several different types of failure. The electric motor stopped working, the bimetal fuse is also faulty, while the integrity of the fuse link, which is an indispensable part of the power circuit, is still preserved.

In this case, you should conduct a full analysis of the wiring, the quality of the contact connections and localize possible problems. If there are no wiring problems, you most likely need to evaluate the condition of the wiper switch. Any faulty sharpenings or small parts should be removed and replaced. The risk of engine failure cannot be excluded, which is associated with burning contacts or sticking brushes.

Here you will need to repair the motor, which involves a complete replacement of failed parts and thorough cleaning of contaminants. You also need to look at the condition of the wires going to the motor and pads. At the next stage, you will have to carry out a full diagnosis of the bimetal fuse.

It is thoroughly cleaned of contaminants, and if this is not possible, a new one is replaced.

If the situation has not changed, pay attention to the integrity of the motor armature winding. If there is no chain, it is necessary to replace the anchor or the entire structure

Another situation looks completely different. In this case, the bimetal fuse may work, but the engine does not even start. Before starting any actions, you should make sure that the levers are intact. Very often they fail due to deformation or freezing of the blades to the surface of the windshield.

Repairs are particularly difficult in cases where a short circuit occurs in the anchor circuit. Here you need to decide on one of two solutions: replace the armature or the gearbox.

There are times when the motor stops functioning in intermittent operation. Most often, the problem is explained by some problem with the relay or switch. Both options involve replacing the faulty unit.

If the intermittent windshield wipers still do not stop, it is most likely a faulty limit switch or relay. In the first option, the spring plate is simply not pressed by the cam of the gearbox gear. To solve the problem, you need to bend it slightly.

Features of the electric motor design

The windshield wiper base consists of several individual elements. Among them are the following:

lever axis;
electric motor (device that drives the windshield wiper);
brush lever;
brushes;
brush holder;
mounting block;
frame;
gearmotor.

Regardless of the model and manufacturer, such parts are irreplaceable. Variations are explained only by model characteristics. For example, the latest innovations in the automotive industry include upgraded versions with a wide variety of functions.

Some of them have a heating function, some work automatically, reacting to any contact with water or dirt on the windshield. In general, these are all the existing parts of the device, so the next step in learning how it works is to review the basic concepts.

It's no secret that all glass cleaners are very fragile and vulnerable devices that require a lot of care and can break . Such a structural element is forced to cope with all the work of cleaning the windshield, therefore, with prolonged use, a problem such as rapid wear is noticed.

The trouble is associated with constant contact of the rubber brush with the surface of the glass and heavy loads. As a result, a good model should have impressive flexibility and rigidity.

How to check the windshield wiper motor? When checking the wiper motor for serviceability, it is enough to pay attention to a number of key subtleties and predetermining factors. One of them is weather conditions. It is no secret that prolonged exposure to low temperatures, heat and rain do not have the best effect on the condition and operation of parts.

Checking the windshield wiper motor is not difficult at all. If there are any defects, scratches or streaks . It is also possible that incorrect noise may occur from the operation of the brushes. In addition, the brushes can move very slowly, out of step, or very quickly. In this case, you should pay attention to the motor.

When inspecting, consider the condition of the relay or lever. If one of the important elements fails, this will be accompanied by movement of the brushes in different directions . If the windshield wiper blades begin to fly off during active operation, you will have to use a new wiper blade holder.

Principle of operation

Modern cars and many other vehicles may be equipped with two windshield wipers. A similar solution has a double design for the front glass.

It does not include rubber bands placed on the blade, which provide more efficient and productive work , as well as for the rear window (here we are talking about a single version).

Most existing models are capable of operating in three different modes:

Slow mode.
Intermittent operation.
Fast work.

At the heart of each glass cleaner is a corresponding motor , which is equipped with a gearbox, brushes, a lever system and an automated mechanism that allows you to return the wipers to their original position.

In addition, together with the device there is a device for supplying water to the entire area of the windshield. If it fails, the motorist should seriously think about upcoming repairs.

It is also useful to read: Replacing car windshield wiper blades yourself

Replacing a windshield wiper motor - how to remove the device?

Sometimes the rear wiper motor, just like the front one, simply fails. It is unlikely that this will be a frequent breakdown, but if it catches you, there is nothing you can do, you will have to figure it out. In order to repair the device, it must be removed, and this is a rather labor-intensive process. As an example, classic VAZ models are usually given, which most fully demonstrate the entire technical process. So, removing the motor takes place in several stages:

The nuts that secure the brush arms are unscrewed, after which they can be removed from the cone splines of the drive. If this is difficult to do, a penetrating lubricant can be applied to the splines.
The drives of the brush levers are dismantled by unscrewing the fastening nuts, and then the plastic bushings and rubber gaskets are removed.
The block of wires in the harness is disconnected and removed by lifting the edge of the seal through the slot in the partition of the engine compartment.
The next step is to directly remove the wiper. Then the washer and spring clamp are unscrewed from it, and the rod is disconnected.
After unscrewing the three mounting bolts, you can remove the motor.

After a visual inspection, all unusable parts should be replaced. If restoration is not possible, then you should purchase a new motor. Reassembling the entire glass cleaning system is carried out in reverse order.

Photo report on the removal and installation of the windshield wiper trapezoid on a VAZ 2110-2112

When all the preparatory steps are done, everything will look something like this. The arrows at the top show the attachment points of the two nuts:

You need to unscrew them, of course.

After this, we disconnect the clamp securing the expansion tank and, lifting it up a little, move it to the side to gain access to the third trapezoid mounting nut.

After this, the nut can be unscrewed; it is located at the very bottom:

After you have dealt with this, you can carefully turn the trapezoid and remove it from the left side, slightly bending the metal frame below the windshield to the side (the force required is very small - there is no point in talking about any real bending!)

And lift it almost all the way to take it out:

All that remains is to disconnect the power plug:

And now you can finally remove the entire structure of the trapezoid and the wiper motor from the bore. If you need to disconnect and replace one motor, then in principle there will be no difficulties with this - just unscrew it and replace it.

Installation of all removed parts occurs in the reverse order. It is worth mentioning the prices of these spare parts. The cost of a trapezoid assembly with an engine for a VAZ 2110 is about 2000-3000 rubles from the manufacturer AvtoVAZ. Chinese analogues cost about 2000 rubles.

The windshield wipers of the VAZ-2110 car themselves do not represent anything structurally complex. However, their failure, especially during heavy rainfall, can trigger an emergency situation. One of the main elements of windshield wipers or “brushes” is a trapezoid.

Possible breakdowns

Various factors can cause a windshield wiper motor to fail, leading to disruption in the connections between the brushes and the commutator, a wedge in the gearbox, unstable operation of the motor, etc. At the same time, the windshield wiper motor does not always require replacement, leaving the possibility of maintaining the working condition by correcting the position system components - this applies, for example, to a bimetallic fuse. Malfunctions in speed modes usually result from failures in resistors or switches.

Problems with brushes can also be eliminated by simple manipulations with the stopping mechanism - in most cases, their adjustment allows you to restore the functionality of the cleaning elements. Aesthetic problems, including squeaking, grinding and other unpleasant sounds, are almost always solved by cleaning the brushes themselves. In addition, dry glass also leads to unfortunate noise.

Replacing the wiper motor yourself

Let’s assume that the results of diagnosing windshield wipers that have lost their functionality indicate a failure of the corresponding motor in a VAZ 2114 car. The problem can be solved by replacing it, which requires the following tool:

flathead screwdriver;
a wrench with a set of heads or wrenches for 10 and 13;
good gear motor.

Since not all drivers can change the windshield wiper motor on their own, let’s next talk about the actions necessary for a successful result:

Disconnect the negative terminal from the car battery.
Place the windshield wiper arms in a vertical position.
Unscrew the lever fasteners.
Remove the levers from the drive rollers.
Remove the caps covering the drive.
Remove the nuts securing the gear motor bracket.
Remove safety washers.
Raise the hood and leave it like that.
Disconnect the connector with contacts for controlling the motor.
Open the fuse compartment cover and remove the relays that block access to the gearmotor mounts.
Remove the screw holding the bracket.
Remove the plastic wiring retainer.
Remove the fastening of the wires in the technological opening.
Unscrew the 3 bolts connecting the motor and trapezoid arms.
Remove the windshield wiper motor.

That's all the operations necessary to dismantle the wiper drive motor. When installing a new one, they are performed in the reverse order.

An important nuance of installing a new motor is to set the correct position of its shaft before connecting to the crank mechanism. For correct positioning, the gear motor without attachment to the trapezoid is switched on intermittently. Then wait for the shaft to stop in its extreme position. This will be the desired position.

After installing a new motor, you should definitely check its operation in all possible modes. If the problem is not solved, for example, the windshield wipers still stop at the extreme point, you need to diagnose the electrical part of the system. Trapezium limit switches and control relays are the most common sources of problems.

Important advice for those drivers who want to extend the trouble-free operation of their windshield wipers. It is useful to carry out an annual overhaul of the wiper system in order to check the wear of all components and parts. This way you can detect bending of the rod or play in the moving joints. Minor mechanical faults identified and corrected in a timely manner reduce the load on the gear motor and, as a result, contribute to its trouble-free operation.

Road safety comes first

Whatever electronic security systems the car is equipped with, it is necessary to monitor it all. As practice shows, the least attention is paid to wipers and elements of this system.

Many people ignore the symptoms of failure of the same motor, wiper blade or injectors. As long as it works, it's good. That is why the system remains maintenance-free from purchase to sale of the car. However, the wiper motor has its own specific resource, which increases significantly if the unit is periodically serviced.

At the request of workers

Don’t even think about applying voltage only through terminals +1 and +2! and then there are craftsmen. there is very little resistance, the current is crazy, the motor runs at a very high speed and burns out very quickly.

There is a circuit - what is the problem with supplying voltage through it? E - minus. +1 - winding of the first speed of operation, +2 - winding of the second speed. one of them is supplied with a plus. but to determine the initial position of the brushes there is a built-in breaker contact, which operates through terminals B and S. through B the plus is switched, while the position is not zero, there is a plus at the output of S. those. for intermittent mode, through the steering column, plus is constantly supplied to terminal B and plus is supplied once to terminal +1 (to start the motor). then the plus that comes with S still continues to be supplied to +1 through the steering column switch. after a full revolution, the breaker in the motor is triggered and the S plus disappears at the output.

wiper motor from Mark 2 body GX-81. 4 contacts, ground to body. +1 and +2 I found how to find out where B and S are?

Methods for attaching brushes

Before 1999, most car manufacturers used a type of mounting for OEM windshield wiper blades called a "hook" or "hook". This is a universal device in the shape of the letter “U”, which allows you to snap the brush into place and not worry about the reliability of its installation. The following types of mounts are currently gaining popularity:

Side pin - appeared in 2005 on BWM, Volvo and other cars. Allows brushes to be fixed using a special 22 or 17 mm side pin.
Button or “Push Button” is an adapter for standard 16 mm wide wiper blades. It is enough to snap the device into place for fastening, and to remove it you need to press a special button.
Pin lock - fixation of brushes using a special built-in lock. Used in Audi cars.

“Push Button” mounting scheme

Despite the relative simplicity of windshield wipers, it is difficult to imagine a modern car without them. Drivers can control the operation of the wipers directly from the cabin, remove dirt and improve visibility of the road situation. And electronic systems automatically monitor the cleanliness of the glass, increasing the comfort and safety of driving without human intervention.

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Washer problems

Diagram of the washer system Breakdowns and methods for eliminating them are different. Let's get to know them in more detail.

The steering column switch does not work. Make sure of this by closing two contacts under the steering wheel - front contact 53ah-w, rear - 53ah-wh, and then measure the resistance. If it is low, the switch is replaced with a new one.
There is no water flowing through the washer pump. It should also be replaced.
Dirt has formed in the injectors. Use a sharp needle to clean them.
The wire that connects the pump and the switch has broken. You understand that the only option is replacement.
Relay K3 is faulty. Again, you have no choice but to change the relay.
The hose ruptured and its integrity was compromised. What do you think should be done in such a situation? Absolutely right - change the hose.

How to ring a windshield wiper motor

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car VAZ 21093, 1997 The wipers don't work. They don't move at all. When you turn on the wipers you can hear the relay clicking. I removed the motor assembly with the trapezoid. I checked the bimetallic fuse for the motor mount; it is there.

QUESTION: How can I check if the windshield wiper motor is working properly?

In the connector for connecting the motor I found one + it is permanent, on the other wires there is no plus on any of them, it doesn’t matter whether the brushes are on or off

There are two wires from the motor. Give one a plus, the other a minus and check.

Doesn't it spin in all modes?

take the diagram. smoke it. First of all, check for the presence of + 12V after the bimetallic fuse, if it is external to the motor. If there is no +12V or it disappears immediately after it appears, then: - the bimetallic fuse has blown - the motor or trapezoid (usually the shafts on which the wiper arms are attached) are jammed. It’s better to check them manually right away - they should turn very easily.

Let's move on to the second stage. If the wiper relay clicks in all modes, then two malfunctions appear: - the insides of the fuse block are out of order - check the voltage at the contacts of the upper connector of the fuse block with a tester (better) or a tester. It is better to compare the voltage with the voltage at the battery contacts. If it is significantly lower or absent, then the problem is in oxidized contacts and the insides of the fuse box. — the gearbox of the motor is jammed, its windings are burnt out (checked by a continuity tester), the contacts inside the motor are oxidized, the adjusting screw of the worm gear is overtightened, the bearings are scattered/acidified. Motor disassembly, cleaning, lubrication.

Voltage can be supplied directly to the motor, if in a car, then it’s a good idea to use a fuse or a light bulb in series to prevent a short circuit from happening accidentally (in general, follow safety precautions when working with electrical installations).

Variants and combinations of the above should lead to a positive result.

Source

Wipers do not return to rest position

There may be several reasons for this malfunction. Most likely, the problem is that you have already disassembled the trapezoid or motor, and then set the wipers incorrectly. In addition, the reason that the windshield wipers do not return to place may be a faulty limit switch of the gear motor (in this case, the motor will probably have to be replaced) or damaged brush drive splines.

Hi all. Such a misfortune happened. At one point, the wipers simply stopped working. The first thought is the fuse. I'll go under the hood and the corresponding fuse will burn out. I put another one on and it immediately burns out. Another one - the same. I disconnect the contact from the motor, install a fuse, just connect the contact - it burns out. OK. Due to very strict necessity and knowing some of the peculiarities of the Russian “maybe”, I take a screwdriver and with the side of the handle I lightly tap the motor from all possible sides. I set the fuse, connect the motor - silence. I turn on the wipers and they work! That's the end of the fairy tale. And whoever fixed it is a great guy. The horseradish was there... We are not in a fairy tale.

The next day the same bullshit. And as luck would have it, we had such a rainy week. I open the hood and carry out “repairs” according to a well-established scheme. Horseradish. Okay... I'm going to work as is. And I have to tell you, in the rain and without wipers - a specific pleasure...

In the evening I decide to replace the motor because I can’t live like this any longer. But, having learned the price of 3000 rubles

, a week of waiting and looking into the family budget, I understand that
this little engine is not so bad
+))) Why bury it ahead of time?+)))

I am attempting DIY repair #1.

Although a repairman makes me like a rheumatologist from a gopnik. So that you understand, I looked at the windshield wiper motor for the first time in my life. No, I'm not blonde. I just don’t like tinkering with cars and do it extremely rarely and only in the most critical situations.

Car windshield wiper motors

Most, if not all, purifier motors used today are permanent magnet motors. The motor is connected to the motor through a worm gear to increase torque and reduce speed. For two-speed operation, motors with three brushes can be used. Normal speed is ensured by two brushes placed opposite each other as usual. To operate at higher speeds, a third brush is used, which is placed closer to the grounded brush. This reduces the number of turns of the armature winding between them, accordingly the armature resistance decreases and the current and rotation speed increase.

The normal purifier motor speeds are 45 rpm at normal speed and 65 rpm at high speed. The motor must be able to overcome the static friction of the blade at a minimum speed of 5 rpm.

The characteristics of a typical car cleaner motor are shown in the figure. Two sets of curves show operating modes corresponding to normal and increased speed.

Purifier motors, or more precisely, the circuits associated with them, are usually short-circuit protected. This is necessary to protect the motor in case the brushes become blocked, for example when they freeze to the glass. In this case, a thermal relay or current sensing circuit in the purifier control unit, if equipped, is often used. The maximum time during which the motor can withstand current when the brushes are blocked is specified by regulatory documentation. Usually it is within 15 s.

Source

Dismantling the device

In rare cases, the front or rear windshield wiper motor stops working due to some manufacturing defect. The problem is extremely rare, however, if you become a victim of it, there is nothing left to do but start special repairs.

To complete the procedure successfully, perform a complete dismantling. It is no secret that such a process is quite troublesome and time-consuming. Especially if you have to repair a part from old cars, such as Tavria, KAMAZ, Priora, and so on. In this case, you will have to use several separate steps, including unscrewing the nuts that act as fasteners for the levers.

In the future, you can begin to remove the levers themselves from the tapered splines of the drive. If you have any difficulties at this stage, the splines can be treated with penetrating lubricant. Next, the lever drives are dismantled by unscrewing the nuts, as well as removing the rubber gaskets and plastic bushings.

In the harness, the wiring block is disconnected and pulled out using the raised edge of the seal, through a special slot in the partition of the engine compartment. The next step is to remove the windshield wiper.

Now you will have to unscrew the washer from the removed device and remove the spring retainer. And also you can’t do without disconnecting the rod. As a result, all you have to do is dismantle three bolts and remove the engine. After a full visual inspection, begin replacing any faulty parts.

If this does not give any results, the only way out of the situation will be to buy a new motor. If the problem is resolved, the glass cleaning system must be reassembled in the reverse order.

Replacement features and diagram

If, after a thorough diagnosis, you were able to determine that the motor is faulty, think about replacing the failed unit. At this stage there are no special difficulties, so even an inexperienced beginner can easily solve the problem.

True, you must understand that the features of the procedure vary depending on the model of a particular vehicle.

Therefore, before performing a series of any actions, pay attention to the technical features of the system, read the service manual for the car

First of all, you must unscrew the nuts securing the brush arm. The help of a wrench will come in handy here. Then remove them from their installation location. If difficulties arise, use a penetrating lubricant.
Then you need to remove the lever drives by unscrewing the nuts that secure them.
The next step is to disconnect the connector with the wires in the harness and lift one part of the seal through the hole formed.
As a result, all that remains is to dismantle the wiper itself. Then remove the washer and spring mount. After successfully achieving such goals, all that remains is to disconnect the pull rod, unscrew the three screws and remove the motor. Unit repair is characterized by particular simplicity and speed of execution.

Replacing a car's rear windshield wiper blade yourself
Replacing car windshield wiper blades yourself
How to properly remove and replace wipers on a car, mounting methods

Malfunctions of the steering column switch

This unit often fails on cars with high mileage. It is usually maintained throughout the entire life of the vehicle. Over time, the contacts burn out, which becomes the main reason for the malfunction of the steering column switch.

You can either repair it yourself or simply replace it with a new one. The second option is naturally expensive. Depending on the make of the car, the switch can cost from 2 to 20 thousand rubles. In this case, it is quite logical to do repairs, especially since there is nothing complicated about it.

We dismantle the switch and carry out a visual inspection for defects. If there are burnt contacts, then take a soldering iron and correct the situation. Almost always, the steering column switch can be repaired, the only exceptions being cases of board failure, although there are craftsmen here too.

Checking and removing the VAZ-2109 wiper motor

An element such as the motor responsible for the operation of the wipers on the VAZ-2109 does not fail very often, but if this does happen, it has to be replaced with a new one. This is actually not difficult to do, but the procedure itself takes quite a lot of time, especially for those car enthusiasts who do not have the proper experience.

How to remove

First of all, it is necessary to de-energize the system. To do this, simply disconnect the negative terminal on the battery.

set the wiper arms to a vertical position;
unscrew the nuts and remove them from the rollers;
remove protective caps;
twist the nuts (one on each side) securing the brackets at the top;
dismantle the rubber sealing washers;
in the engine compartment, remove the wiring harness from the connector;
unscrew the bolts holding the lower part of the bracket;
the mechanism rollers are removed from the holes;
unscrew the nut securing the windshield wiper crank and remove it;
dismantle the bolts holding the wiper gearbox and the motor in place;
disconnect the wires from the bimetallic fuse and remove the engine from the bracket.

All that remains is to remove the locking ring and adjusting washers from the gear shaft and install a new motor. Assembly is carried out in reverse order. To make it more convenient to work, we recommend moving the stove fan slightly to the right. Without this, it will not be possible to remove the windshield wiper. You will also need to remove the fuse box cover and all the relays located there.

Removing the windshield wiper trapezoid assembly with the motor on a Priora

The first step is to remove the wiper arms, as well as the rubber seal on the top of the hood. After this, using a thin knife, we pry off the decorative plugs, under which there are screws securing the frill.

Under these plugs we unscrew the screws securing the frill.

Now, again, on the left side, unscrew several screws securing the insulation to the frill, as shown in the photo below.

After which you can remove one part of the frill:

Also, loosen the clamp bolt on the thin hose of the expansion tank and remove it from the hole in the insulation:

The engine compartment insulation is also attached from below, which is not very clearly visible, but in the photo below this screw is quite clearly visible.

Now you can lift the expander up and move the insulation section to the side, as shown in the photo below.

Now you can begin to unscrew the mounting nuts and bolts of the motor with the trapezoid. Top left:

And top right:

But to get to the trapezoid mounting bolt in the bottom center, you must first unscrew and remove the expansion tank mounting bracket. Two mounting bolts are located on top, as can be seen in the photo:

And two more bolts on the inside of the wing, of course, after first removing the fender liner.

Now the platform can be removed and the last bolt securing the Priora trapezoid can be unscrewed.

Now we carefully remove the entire assembly, finding the desired position so that the trapezoid does not cling to the body and heater housing.

There is still one thing left to do - disconnect the block with the power wiring harness.

Now the entire trapeze assembly with the motor can be removed without any problems.