Despite the huge amount of criticism against the Lada Priora, this is one of the most popular cars that have come out of the AvtoVAZ assembly line in recent years. The Priora is equipped with a fairly successful engine with good dynamics, and the interior is very comfortable. And the maximum trim levels offer useful options. But at the same time, from time to time the car brings minor problems to its owners. One of the most popular malfunctions is that the Priora engine (16 valves) is tripping. The reasons for this phenomenon are quite unpleasant. And besides, the motor eventually overheats.
When the driver starts his car in the morning, the engine does not run smoothly as before, but intermittently. At this time, dull sounds are heard from the exhaust pipe. At the same time, a persistent and strong smell of unburned fuel is felt. Vibrations are constantly increasing, and this is fraught with cracks in the pillows. This is how the engine runs when cold.
Trouble the engine: why is it dangerous?
This is a rather critical phenomenon, especially if the unit begins to vibrate during acceleration.
This behavior of the engine is especially dangerous when the driver decides to overtake, but there are cars in the oncoming lane. In the process, while the motor is running, the engine power is significantly reduced. The compression ratio decreases - there may not be enough dynamics to successfully complete the maneuver.
Considering that the Lada Priora has been manufactured since 2007, there are often instances where the engine knocks like on an old car 20 years ago. This is an engine running on three cylinders. It may have the latest firmware, but if the engine of a Lada Priora car is running rough and the check light is on, then such a car will not have much life left.
Supply system
If the Priora engine (16 valves) is tripping, the reasons may be trivial. When there is no flash in the cylinder, perhaps there is simply no fuel there. If it has a normal compression ratio, it is worth diagnosing the power system. You should pay maximum attention to the air filter and the pipe. It is necessary to make sure that the clamps are securely tightened, whether the purifier body itself is intact, and whether there is any air leakage from the outside. Also pay attention to the tubes. They must be tightly secured to the throttle assembly. Fuel leaks, cracks, and broken plastic may indicate that some parts are faulty.
Nozzle failures, clogging
When the Priora engine (16 valves) fails, the reasons often lie in the injector.
It may be faulty or simply blocked. Beginners and those who like to pour various injector cleaning fluids into the tank often encounter this problem. All this leads to the fact that the dirt first peels off in the tank, then in the fuel line. And eventually it will end up in the injectors, where it will happily get stuck.
What ECM malfunctions can trigger the misfire diagnostic?
As mentioned above, misfire detection occurs by uneven rotation of the crankshaft. This is an indirect measurement method, it registers the very fact of the presence of increased unevenness, and also identifies a faulty cylinder, but does not indicate the cause (that is, a faulty engine management system component). The presence of codes P0300 - P0304 in the controller error memory requires a thorough diagnosis of the entire control system, as well as the engine itself. Below are the most common faults that trigger the misfire diagnostic. Ignition module. A break or interturn short circuit in one of the coils leads to the fact that high voltage is not supplied to one or a pair of cylinders (1-4 or 2-3). The functionality of the ignition module is checked using a high-voltage spark gap. Spark plug. Incorrect spark gap, moisture, conductive paths, cracks, carbon deposits on the insulator, and leaking spark plugs cause problems with ignition of the air-fuel mixture. There are special stands for checking spark plugs, but the most effective method of checking is replacing them with new ones. High voltage wires. The most common faults are a broken wire (resistance should be in the range of 6-15 kOhm, checked with an ohmmeter) or damaged insulation. Injectors. Sticking of the injector in the open or closed state leads to non-ignition of the air-fuel mixture. In the first case, the spark plugs become wet due to excess fuel. To assess performance, it is necessary to balance the injectors. Another option for injector malfunction is an interturn short circuit in the winding. Throttle position sensor. The cause of the misfire diagnosis may be a throttle position sensor with a worn out resistive layer. A sharp change in the sensor characteristics with minor movements of the gas pedal leads to a sharp change in engine modes, which will cause increased unevenness of the engine. The TPS characteristics can be checked using a diagnostic tool by smoothly pressing the gas pedal and monitoring changes in the sensor signal using the device. Over-lean air-fuel mixture. When the air-fuel mixture is too lean (a>1.20), problems arise with its ignition even with a working ignition system. Overeating can be caused by:
— leakage of the intake system; — a malfunction in the fuel supply system; — low fuel level in the tank; — malfunction of the mass air flow sensor; — malfunction of the oxygen sensor.
Mechanical engine problems. Any mechanical problem with the engine that interferes with gas exchange in the combustion chamber or prevents the crankshaft from rotating smoothly can trigger a misfire diagnostic. Eliminating such faults is the most labor-intensive, as it requires disassembling the engine. In many cases (but not always), the presence of mechanical problems can be judged by changes in compression from cylinder to cylinder.
Damper with ring gear. When the crankshaft position sensor magnetically interacts with the damper ring gear, a signal is generated, from which the controller calculates the current piston position, crankshaft rotation speed, and acceleration. Strong beating of the ring gear, a large angular error in cutting the teeth of the ring (for example, if the damper was made in a home-made manner), as well as a damaged rubber damping layer can lead to erroneous calculations of acceleration and, as a result, to false recognition of misfires. Coolant. The ingress of coolant into the cylinders will lead to disruption of mixture formation, and therefore to non-ignition of the air-fuel mixture.
As can be seen from the above, there can be many reasons why the misfire diagnosis is triggered; another thing is that some malfunctions occur frequently, while others are extremely rare. Detailed methods for troubleshooting are given in the maintenance manuals for VAZ vehicles, so we will not dwell on them in detail. I would just like to draw attention to one point. If you are faced with the task of finding the reasons for the appearance of codes P0300 - P0304, then the first thing you need to check is how the engine operates at the time the codes are registered. In other words, the engine “troubles” (for example, when changing the gas) or operates evenly. The direction of the search depends on this. A “crooked” damper, an over-lean mixture (very often), or a jammed water pump do not lead to deviations in engine operation that can be determined by ear. On the other hand, failure of spark plugs, ignition module, high-voltage wires, injectors, and reduced cylinder compression significantly affect engine performance.
Poor quality fuel
This is one of the possible reasons why the engine stalls at idle or while driving.
To return to normal operation, you can try changing the gas station. This usually helps clear up a lot of misunderstandings. It is better to fill the 16-valve Priora engine with good 95-octane gasoline. It's not worth pouring something with a higher octane number. This will only lead to overheating. You can also try replacing the air and fuel filters. Sometimes this solves the problem.
Causes of misfire in a cylinder
Let me start with what is a misfire? This definition is usually used to describe a phenomenon in an engine when one of the cylinders accelerates a little slower than the others, which actually disrupts the working process of the engine and the stroke cycle. Often, the consequences of misfire, for example, such as deterioration of the exhaust, are of little interest to anyone. Most car owners are most often concerned that the car practically does not move, constantly “twitches” and cannot cope with the load.
What misfires are is more or less clear, now I propose to understand the reasons for this phenomenon. In fact, there are a lot of such reasons, so I will list the most typical ones.
1. Quality of the air-fuel mixture. Due to poor quality fuel, the injectors can become clogged. In this situation, everything is very simple - first of all, you need to change the gas station or switch to high-octane gasoline. In addition, a lean mixture can often be due to the following faults: pressure regulator, fuel pump or clogged filter.
Ignition system
An experienced car enthusiast who is faced with an engine running on three cylinders immediately begins to diagnose the spark plugs. The Lada Priora must cool well, otherwise there is a risk of getting burned when unscrewing it. If after a few seconds you turn off the ignition and check the spark plugs, one of them will be wet with gasoline. It is also recommended to separately check each part for the presence of a spark.
In case of malfunction, the problem is solved by replacing the spark plug. Sometimes it is enough to press down a potentially faulty one with a cap and the machine will resume normal operation. In general, the ignition system in this car is the most problematic part. If the Priora engine (16 valves) is malfunctioning, you can look for the reasons for a very long time, and diagnostics will not yield anything, even if it is done correctly. And only by replacing all elements can a positive result be achieved.
We are looking for the cause of misfire in the cylinder
Car owners whose cars are equipped with “electronic brains” are a little more fortunate in this matter, since it is possible to use an auto tester. Thanks to the “brains” and testers, you can see error codes, for example, where exactly misfires occur in cylinder 1 or 3.
In addition, using the scanner you can also determine the direction of the search itself. If the scanner showed you code P0204, and you know that this is an injector malfunction. Code P0300 indicates random misfire in all cylinders. Therefore, we can conclude that the air-fuel mixture is deteriorating, which means that the reason may lie in high air suction at the recirculation valve or in low pressure due to a faulty pump.
If a misfire occurs in a car that does not have an electronic assistant, then you will have to look for the cause using “old-fashioned methods.” They begin with checking the electrical equipment located under the hood: spark plugs, explosive wires, after which the compression in the cylinders and the condition of the fuel pump are measured.
If none of the versions are confirmed, there are two options: either continue the search on your own, or go to a service station for help, where they will help you fix the problem for money.
Diagnostics of spark plugs by plaque
When the engine starts cold or hot, you can check the carbon deposits on the spark plugs. If the coating is white, then this indicates a lean mixture and overheating of the engine. A black tint indicates a rich mixture. In both the first and second cases there are problems with the operation of the electronics. This is either installing new firmware, or replacing the ECU. A normal candle has a brick color. By the way, the engine may stall at idle if the part is damp. This also significantly increases the warm-up time. In addition to the spark plugs, the ignition coil may also be acting up. Priora (8 valves) is equipped with distributor ignition. Overheating of the coil is often observed. You can restore the operation of the motor by simply replacing the element.
VAZ 2110 troits engine
Engine problems, even episodic ones, always need to be addressed immediately. For example, it happens that at times the engine of a VAZ 2110 stalls, and many do not pay attention to this, continuing to operate the car as if nothing had happened. But this is the wrong attitude to this problem. Let’s look at the causes of this symptom and consider ways to quickly eliminate them.
When is it time to check the engine?
The engine should always run like a clock, that is, smoothly and without jerking, failures, or jumps.
At idle speed it is easy to notice that the engine is unstable. When such suspicions creep in, it is better to raise the hood and listen to the beats in all cylinders. “Troit” means one or two cylinders are inactive, since there are no conditions necessary to ensure the processes in their combustion chambers. As a result, the actual power of the power unit drops noticeably and gasoline consumption increases. There is also a tendency to stall, for example at intersections, at traffic lights or while warming up. At the same time, when the engine of a VAZ 2110 fails, the reasons for such a malfunction can be different. You can find out which cylinder has problems in one simple and long-known way. With the engine running, you need to remove the high-voltage wire from each spark plug one by one. If the cylinder was working properly before, then when it is turned off there will be a noticeable dip and a drop in speed (look at the tachometer scale). If there are no changes after removing the wire from the spark plug, we can safely assume that the problem is precisely in this cylinder - it was not working before the shutdown.
Causes of unstable motor operation
Here is an approximate and incomplete list of reasons for the “ten” engine tripping:
- spark plug malfunction, getting wet;
- breakdown of a high-voltage wire;
- extremely low quality gasoline;
- air leaks in the vacuum brake booster system;
- loss of tightness in the area of the intake manifold;
- need for valve adjustment;
- valve or piston burnout;
- development of valve levers;
- breakage of piston rings;
- cylinder head gasket breakdown;
- deterioration or unsuitability of valve stem seals.
We will not dwell on all the points one by one, but it makes sense to note some methods for quickly identifying easily repairable breakdowns. So, for example, a non-working candle becomes an elementary problem. The same applies to broken armored wires. The easiest way to identify a malfunction is to replace each of these elements one by one with a known working one. It is also sometimes possible to notice sparking in the dark, which will indicate to you a damaged high-voltage wire.
Checking the ignition coil
There is simply no special method by which you can check the operation of parts. The instructions for the car indicate one of the methods for self-diagnosis. So, with the ignition turned off, check whether the ignition coil (Priora is no exception) is firmly attached to the engine.
Then they look at the reliability of electrical connections in the low-voltage circuit. If everything is in order, then check for a spark. To do this, the ignition coil is removed. A test plug is inserted into the tip and pressed against a metal part of the engine. Next, turn the starter. If there is no spark, replace the coil. If there is a flash, but the engine does not start, change the spark plug.
