The rocker in a car is a hidden mechanism with hidden features

Author: Ivan Baranov

Not every novice car enthusiast knows what a gearbox cover is, where it is located and what functions it performs. However, this element is important for the functioning of the gearbox, so every motorist should know about its structure. Read below about what a rocker is in a gearbox, how it is adjusted and when replacement is needed.

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General information

Drivers mistakenly believe that the gearshift lever is the gearshift lever, which is located to the right of the driver's seat. This version can be seen on some Internet resources. But we assure you that this is not so. We'll talk about that next.

Car backstage device

Concept

What it is? The gearbox linkage is a multi-component device, the purpose of which is to connect the selector (gearbox lever) and the rod, which leads directly to the gearbox. This part, namely its rear part, is located between the selector and the gearbox and is located under the bottom. In other words, the rocker is a hidden mechanism located next to the driveshaft or under the selector.

And although the gearbox linkage has a long service life, its failure is possible. Motorists may not change this component for 100 thousand kilometers, but sometimes it becomes necessary to replace it. This occurs as a result of dirt, moisture or dust entering the system. Wear of the link is possible due to a lack or absence of lubricants or for other reasons.

Device

We figured out what a rocker is in a car’s gearbox. Now let's talk about the structure of this mechanism. The design and structure of the component directly depends on the manufacturer and brand of the car. As a result of the fact that different automobile concerns want to achieve modernization and originality of gearboxes in cars, the design of the elements may vary.

Accordingly, there is no universal design option for the element, but you can consider all the components that are used in the production of the assembly:

• selector of the car gearbox, that is, in simple terms - a lever;
• traction system for selecting speed when switching is necessary;
• the so-called fork finger of the system for selecting the required speeds;
• a device that is a clamp of that same finger;
• the fork mechanism is an integral element;
• fork seal.

All components described above are interconnected. They are responsible for ensuring that the gearbox selector can engage the speed in the required position.

Kinds

According to their types, the scenes are divided into:

• short-stroke;
• long-stroke.

There are no fundamental differences between the mechanisms. The only difference is that with long-stroke scenes the speed is turned on longer, literally by a split second, than with short-stroke ones. The stroke of the backstage determines the stroke of the box lever. According to motorists, short-stroke mechanisms are considered sporty and with their use you can achieve better car dynamics. This is not true; the backstage does not affect the dynamics.

Mechanism design

The mechanical linkage is often modified, becoming more reliable, innovative and modern. However, the general fundamentals of its structure remain unchanged. The mechanism of the backstage in the gearbox looks like this:

• lever for switching car speed modes;
• traction, which provides the ability to select gears;
• selector fork pin;
• finger locking device;
• fork and seal.

The part we are studying has a complex device that is hidden from the driver’s eyes. That is why so little attention is paid to it, and often inexperienced drivers ignore irregularities in the operation of the mechanism.

In what cases is replacement necessary?

In most vehicles, a mechanism such as a rocker is quite reliable, usually not requiring repair or replacement. But still, replacing the backstage is necessary if it is of low quality or has already exhausted its service life. This problem can even arise for the owner of an expensive foreign car. How do you understand that replacing the rocker in a car is necessary?

We hasten to assure you that you will feel these problems immediately, but we will still list them:

• The backlash of the gearbox selector has increased significantly;
• certain difficulties arose directly with switching gears (the lever simply does not turn on) or during the switching process extraneous sounds began to appear;
• gears are switched at the gearbox, but it’s difficult, you have to make an effort to do this;
• if the speeds are switched incorrectly, that is, instead of one, another is switched on;
• If the speeds do not engage, you may only be able to engage one or two of the five gears.

As for the backlash that has appeared, the issue requires special attention. At first, when it first appeared, this would not affect the operation of the gearbox or the speed of movement. Therefore, motorists ignore this problem.

It is not worth driving with play for a long time, since over time its condition will only worsen.

This can lead not only to breakdown, but also to an accident. Therefore, the problem of backlash should be given attention. And don't start this problem.

Operating principle and troubleshooting of the VAZ 2110 gear shift mechanism

What is an engine crankshaft in a car?

Like any car, the VAZ 2110 also has a gear shift mechanism. The VAZ gearbox is five-speed, activated by a lever located in the car's interior.

In order to be able to fix problems yourself, you need to understand a little about how exactly the switching mechanism works, which is why there are cases when some speed does not turn on or goes out. And also know how to fix it on your own.

Gear knob

Checkpoint diagram

The gearbox design is as follows:

• To ensure gear shifting, the gearbox contains a primary shaft consisting of a gear block. They are constantly engaged with the drive gears from the first to the fifth speed (that is, those that are oriented towards driving forward);
• The secondary shaft is equipped with a drive gear for the main transmission, and it also has gear synchronizers that ensure forward movement of the driven gears. There are also bearings plus an oil sump;
• VAZ two-satellite differential, with the driven gear of the main gear attached to the flange of its box;
• the gearbox drive consists of a gear shift knob, a ball joint, a selector rod, a rod, gear selection mechanisms, and gear shifting mechanisms;
• Jet thrust is designed to protect the gearbox from flying out of gear. Its ends are attached to the support and the power unit.

Gear shift drive diagram

How speeds are selected

A separate important gearbox component is the gear selection mechanism. It has a special speed selection lever, as well as two locking brackets. One arm of the selector lever turns on the forward stroke, the second serves to turn on the rear.

Adjustment

On a VAZ 2110, it is not so uncommon for the gears to shift poorly or get knocked out. A mechanism for adjusting the speed selection drive is provided specifically for this purpose.

Adjustment may be necessary if:

• the box was recently removed for repairs;
• one of the gears falls out;
• the speeds do not engage well or simply get knocked out when the car is moving.

If you have one of these problems, try making adjustments first. Its sequence:

1. Under the bottom of the VAZ 2110, find and slightly loosen the nut on the bolt that tightens the clamp that secures the rod designed to control the gearbox;
2. Use a screwdriver to slightly move apart the grooves in the end of the rod and the resulting gap on the clamp itself. This is necessary to ensure easy movement of the rod in relation to the gear selection rod. Place the rod in the neutral position;
3. Release the shift knob from the cover in the cabin;
4. Align the lever using a special template. This is done like this: install a template in the window of the rear speed lock bracket lining. After this, insert the lever axis stop into the groove of the template, pressing it without unnecessary force in the transverse direction;
5. Then adjust the axial play of the rod in the rear direction, and its axial play by turning to the left;
6. Install the clamp, not reaching a few millimeters from the end of the rod. Then tighten the clamp thoroughly with the bolt.

Repair

If the described adjustment did not help you, you need to remove and disassemble the VAZ 2110 gearbox

Pay special attention to the fact that the gears with which the first and second speeds are engaged often knock out. Don't forget to check each fastener

They are made in the form of springs, there are three of them. The first clamp is long, it is responsible for first and second gears. Second is medium, for third is fourth gear. For the fifth, the shortest clamp is used.

CPT diseases

VAZ 2110 owners often complain that the first gear is difficult to engage or crashes.

Possible reasons:

• often the synchronizer is to blame;
• perhaps the clamp spring has burst, the lever is hanging loose, the speeds are switched on as desired;
• The stem and fork may need replacement.

Another complaint is that second gear is difficult to engage and often gets knocked out.

Here you can suspect the main culprits:

• the second one flies out most often because the gear teeth do not mesh well with the clutch that turns on the speeds;
• The tips of the gear teeth and clutch are already worn out, so the speed is difficult to engage. If you don’t intervene, it will soon fly out;
• as an option, when it knocks out on bumps, the clutch dies.

Sometimes (albeit rarely) when the second one does not turn on well enough and falls out, replacing the retaining spring helps. If the speeds often drop out, some of them are difficult to turn on, which means that half-measures will no longer help - the box needs to be overhauled.

Whether you do it yourself, or go to a service center where they will repair it for you and also adjust the gear shift mechanism, decide for yourself, based on your own experience and skills.

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Backstage adjustment

Now we have smoothly approached the issue of adjusting the scenes. You can always resort to replacing the component, in which case you can be sure that the problem will not bother you again in the near future. Replacement is not always the answer. Adjusting the link is necessary if you are sure that in an adjusted state it can last a long time.

How the process works.

1. First, let's try to adjust the component using reverse gear. To do this, engage reverse gear and loosen the clamp. In addition, you will also need to set the gearbox selector to the position in which it should be when reverse gear is engaged.
2. Once these steps are completed, the unit clamp can be tightened back down.
3. At this point, the adjustment process can be considered complete; in 99% of cases, this procedure allows you to solve the problem of incorrect inclusion of speeds.

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But there is another method. This method is useful when you cannot shift into reverse gear.

You will need to carry out all the actions related to adjusting the first speed:

1. Set the gearshift lever to first speed.
2. The backstage clamp, as in the previous case, is weakened. If you don’t know where this clamp is located in the vehicle, we recommend studying the service manual for the car. There may be the most accurate information on this matter. If there is no manual or for some reason there is no information in it, you need to crawl under the bottom of the car to find the clamp.
3. When the clamp is loosened, the rocker drive must be turned counterclockwise. It is necessary to turn the drive until the gearbox selector rests against the plastic reverse speed stop. You will feel it immediately.
4. When the lever rests against the stopper, you need to get under the bottom and tighten the clamp. This is how you complete the procedure for adjusting the mechanism in the car.

There is nothing complicated in the process; more details about the mechanism can be found in the photo. Follow all the steps indicated in the instructions, and you can do everything yourself. But if you are not sure that this will solve the problem, then it is better to contact specialists. Perhaps they will be able to carry out high-quality diagnostics and, if necessary, replace the mechanism.

Also read with this article:

• 1 Adjustment
• 2 Installation of the backstage from Kalina

Gearbox rocker For front-wheel drive car models, designers have developed a gearbox speed shifting system using a special mechanism called the VAZ 2110 gearbox rocker. This design for moving the gear lever is designed to ensure good performance of the gearbox. On a VAZ 21101, the gearbox link can be easily replaced on your own.

VAZ 2110 gearbox rocker When operating a vehicle, the rocker, like other systems, must be adjusted. The reason for the adjustment may be due to incorrect movement of the gear shift lever. When you engage the desired gear, you have to tilt it strongly back or vice versa, it rests against the instrument panel:

• The location of the scenes is under the body of the vases.
• It connects the lever to the gearbox.

Photo gallery

Photo 1. This is what the assembly looks like when disassembled

Photo 2. Gear lever

Photo 3. Car gearbox link

Basic faults

The slide is a relatively reliable system due to the simplicity of its design, and it does not have any special moving elements, and the range of movement of the components is small.

1. But still there are problems with the scenes. More often they come down to the appearance of backlash at the joints due to wear. The following are subject to wear:

• spherical bearing;
• universal joint;
• bushings at the junction of the rod and the lever.

All these elements are mobile, and lack of lubrication, dust and dirt getting inside leads to wear of the contacting surfaces.

Backlash in the control mechanism does not affect the performance of the gearbox or engine. The only thing is that the control of the box deteriorates significantly. Because of these backlashes:

1. The lever dangles freely.
2. Difficult to engage gears.
3. A skip is heard when the handle is moved.
4. Inability to turn on the required speed.

Often the scenes are to blame for such problems. The complexity of repairing a unit depends on its design features. It is necessary to find the cause of a poorly functioning mechanism.