HF wires (stand for high-voltage) are needed as direct impulse conductors from the ignition device to the fuel ignition system (directly to the spark plugs). If the pulse does not flow or does not flow properly, the gasoline will not burn properly in the cylinder and the engine will not operate as it should.
In today's article we will talk about malfunctions, methods for checking resistance and replacing high-voltage (armored wires) ignition of the VAZ 2112
Checking the ignition system elements
Misfires in engine operation, especially in wet weather, are a consequence of breakdown of the insulation of high-voltage wires. There should be no cracks or damage in the wire insulation. You can check the insulation for breakdown using a wire connected to ground. If you run it along the insulation while the engine is running, a spark will be observed in places with damaged insulation. Another clear sign of poor insulation is noticeable electric shocks when touching high-voltage wires while the motor is running.
A broken high-voltage wire can be easily determined with an ohmmeter. The resistance should be between 3-10 kOhm. The spread of indicators between the wires should be no more than 1-2 kOhm.
BB: professional replacement
If you have decided to contact the service for the process of replacing high-voltage wiring, then it is, of course, a good thing, but not worth the money that will be asked of you. They can also confuse your brain on the topic of how often high-voltage wires need to be changed, with the logic that it is better to take care of prevention in advance than to get stuck on the highway. You won’t get stuck on the highway, the contact is not a sensor, even the last one doesn’t die right away. Replacement will cost from 1000 rubles. The advantage of service in this case will be the fact that they will look at the candles for you. And they will definitely be cleaned (they tend to become oily, which negatively affects the throughput for pulses through high-voltage wires).
Signs of breakdown
When the ignition is turned on, the engine ECU malfunction indicator light comes on, and after the engine is started, it should go out. A burning warning light is the first sign of problems with the ignition system. Other prerequisites for diagnosing the ignition module are “floating” engine speed and problems with starting. The cause of such failures may be faulty high-voltage wires or spark plugs, so you need to make sure they are working before you start diagnosing the ignition of the VAZ 2107 (injector). Often, cylinder misfires occur due to compression problems or damage to the intake manifold gasket. This must be taken into account when searching for the causes of engine failure.
What are the armored wires for the VAZ 2112 needed for and what functions do they perform?
Expert opinion: The main task of the high-voltage wires of the ignition system of gasoline engines is to transmit the ignition pulse from the coil (coils) or ignition distributor to the spark plugs of the internal combustion engine.
Along with this, the high-voltage wires on the VAZ 2112 car perform the following functions:
- ensuring high-quality isolation of high-voltage pulses;
- minimizing radio interference;
- protection against failure of ignition system elements.
If the electrical parameters of the high-voltage wire are violated, the car engine begins to “triple”, there is a large loss of car power, and the car’s starting system may fail. Such a malfunction must be corrected immediately, as it can lead to a complete failure of the ignition system, malfunction of the vehicle’s mechanical components due to uneven engine operation.
New armored wires for VAZ 2112
Checking the ignition coil
The coil is checked based on two indicators: the presence of a short circuit and an open circuit. Before diagnostics, the ignition coil must be disconnected. After this, one probe of the device is connected to the central contact of the coil, the second to the body (ground). If the display shows resistance equal to infinity, there is no short circuit.
The primary winding of the coil for a break occurs differently. The probes of the device must be connected to the right and left contacts. The resistance between them should be within 3-3.5 Ohms.
If the resistance of the primary winding does not correspond to the norm or there is a short circuit in the coil to the housing, it must be replaced.
Ignition adjustment
The injection modification of the VAZ 2107 does not require adjustment of the ignition timing. The electronic control unit, using a sensor, determines the optimal ignition timing. The participation of the car owner in adjusting the operation is limited to setting the engine timing belt to the marks.
To check the performance of the ECU and the functionality of the sensors, it is necessary to connect a computer with specialized software. In this way, the cause of most electronic ignition system malfunctions can be determined.
It is also worth checking the operation of the throttle position sensor yourself. When the throttle is closed, the voltage on the sensor should be no higher than 0.55 volts, and when fully open - 4.5 volts. Measurements must be made with a voltmeter with the ignition on.
The ignition module is one of those mechanisms in which it is quite difficult to determine the presence of malfunctions. They pay attention to it when serious deviations in the operation of the car are observed. If the VAZ 2107 engine does not start immediately, it is recommended to adjust the ignition, and if the engine is running unevenly, a proper check is required. The main thing here is not to forget that the ignition module of an injection engine is a system that, using coils, generates electrical energy to generate a spark and further start the vehicle.
Video: How to check the armored wires of a VAZ 2112 with a multimeter
If there is a large variation, replace the wires. By the way, they are changed as a set, that is, all together. In conclusion, your resistance reading of the most popular high-voltage wires:
- Tesla - 6 kOhm
- Slon - from 4 kOhm to 7 kOhm (4 kOhm - 1st cylinder and up to 7 kOhm - on the last cylinder)
- ProSport - almost zero resistance
- Cargen - 0.9 kOhm
Note! The resistance of high-voltage wires varies depending on the length, thickness, and material from which the wires are made.
Prerequisites for failure
Please note that the engine management system malfunction warning lamp, located on the instrument panel in the indicator block, is the first indicator of deviations in the operation of the VAZ 2107, which uses an injector. Some modifications of the VAZ 2107 provide for the location of the warning lamp on the upper insert of the radio panel. By starting the ignition, a system malfunction is tested, which means the lamp lights up and goes out after the engine starts. A prerequisite for diagnosing the ignition system is that the lamp does not go out while the engine is running.
In situations where there is a malfunction, VAZ 2107 owners replace the spark plugs. Old factory spark plugs are usually replaced with iridium spark plugs from NGK or Denzo. Do not forget that only those spark plugs that are designed for the appropriate type of injection are suitable here.
The type of ignition system is no less important in determining the parameters of the spark plug. Often such manipulation does not provide much improvement (plugs have a fairly long service life), so the non-contact ignition system undergoes a full diagnosis.
Preparation stage
Diagnostics of how the ignition module and each individual coil operates is carried out using a special device called a multimeter or ohmmeter. Its functional task is to show the voltage value supplied by the ignition module. As a result of diagnostics, it is possible to identify the source of current loss in the circuit and, accordingly, the nature of the malfunction. To facilitate painstaking work, it is recommended to dismantle the module outward before starting the process.
The key to high-quality circuit testing
The contactless ignition system checks for short circuits. First, pay attention to the coil winding. To get started, connect a multimeter, which determines the resistance value. There is a recommendation regarding the lubrication of the tip of a high-voltage wire: a special product for the VAZ 2107 or technical petroleum jelly is used here.
The coil itself is diagnosed as follows:
- the module is disconnected from the tips;
- one terminal of the device is connected to the central contact, which has a coil;
- the other terminal of the device is connected to ground.
If the display of the infinity device indicates that there is no short circuit, then the coil is in order. Important: unchanged display indicators when ringing the circuit will indicate infinity.
Checking the primary ignition circuit involves installing a multimeter to its left and right contacts, which are assigned the ignition function. This setting of the ohmmeter should cause a change in readings. If this is not observed, you can prepare not only to replace the coil, but the entire device. Here they focus on the norm, which is 3-3.5 ohms.
The process of checking the secondary windings of the module includes:
- Disconnecting wire tips from it.
- Level position in front of you.
- Installing the module to the right outputs of the upper and lower locations. We focus on the indicators that the device displays in seconds.
- The previous manipulation is carried out similarly with the left outputs of the upper and lower locations.
Here we focus on an indicator whose value will be no less than 7 ohms. Recommendation: if at least one coil does not meet the specified indicator, the module as a whole must be replaced, otherwise it will not be possible to avoid a malfunction of the system with a VAZ 2107, where an injector is used.
First, let's decide which of the four cylinders is first?
The first cylinder in front-wheel drive VAZs is located closer to the timing belt. If you look at the engine from the front, the first cylinder is the leftmost). And then everything is simple - from left to right - 1, 2, 3, 4.
In rear-wheel drive VAZ Classic and Niva, the first cylinder is located closer to the front bumper of the car.
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Checking high-voltage wires. To check the wires, you will need a multimeter tester. Check the resistance of the wires - it should be no more than 20 KOM (in practice, the longest wire of 1 cylinder has a resistance of up to 10 KOM). If the wire resistance is more than 20 Kom, it must be replaced. Carefully inspect the wires for chafing on parts of the motor or other wires. In case of significant abrasion, replace the wire. In case of minor abrasion, it is possible to lay the wire so that it does not rub and fix it in this position.
Automatic clamps are ideal for professional electrical installations in buildings and buildings. Different colors make it easy to distinguish automatic clamps in electrical installations. It is a multi-functional tool that simplifies any cable installation. These push-pull sensors are available in a variety of kits, each consisting of a durable carrying bag and various useful accessories. Thanks to the fiberglass reinforcement, cable installation is also greatly facilitated in hard-to-reach areas, saving time.
Laying wires. Do not try to connect the wires in a bundle. Disassemble the wiring harnesses, release the wires from the plastic holders. Connect the high-voltage leads to the corresponding cylinder spark plugs. Lay the wires so that they do not rub against each other, engine parts, or hoses. Avoid sharp bends and tension on the wires. After connecting all the wires, secure them into the bundle with special comb holders included in the delivery kit.
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The procedure for connecting I/O wires to a VAZ carburetor (2108, 2109, 21099)
The central wire from the distributor cover always goes to the ignition coil (bobbin).
The outlet of the distributor cover, which faces towards the front of the car, is connected to the first cylinder.
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The outlet of the distributor cap, looking down, is connected to the third cylinder.
Operating rules for explosive ignition wires of VAZ 2112
The operating conditions for VAZ 2112 armored wires are also special:
- Operating temperature varies from -60 to +110 degrees
- Resistant to oiling and other substances.
The technical specifications are as follows:
- Maximum voltage 22 kV
- Breakdown voltage minimum 40 kV
- Electrical capacity maximum 100 pFm
- Service life 8 years
GOST standards are old, from the Soviet period, but since the fourteenth ones were basically discontinued, the spare parts for them are those that remain in stock. These parameters do not quite adequately fit the Euro 2 standard, much less a higher class. Such standards require greater power and special requirements in terms of electromagnetic compatibility. But, whatever one may say, even old wiring can be adjusted to fit the engine of the fourteenth.
The main points that are needed for a competent choice of explosives are the following:
- Resistance of high voltage wires
- Breakdown voltage
- Electromagnetic force
- Price issue
After you have decided on the quality of high-voltage wires, you can master checking high-voltage ignition wires with a multimeter.
