VAZ 2110 engine: characteristics, malfunctions and tuning

Many people know that the modern market is very saturated with various kinds of goods. It varies not only in quality, but also in purpose. In particular, we are talking about the automotive world, which is developing very quickly. Just a few decades ago, no one could have imagined that modern man would travel in a vehicle without manpower. Currently, the VAZ 2110 engine has become very popular, which is not surprising.

The fact is that it is very simple and does not require much attention during maintenance. Not all modern engines can boast of such properties. In addition, you do not need a huge financial investment if it breaks down, which is good news. In this article we will talk about the VAZ 2110 engine 8 valve injector, used in the modern automotive industry.

Specifications

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PARAMETER	MEANING
Type	Four-stroke, gasoline
Number of cylinders and their location	Four cylinders, in-line arrangement
Total unit volume	1.5 liters
Engine power	73 horsepower
Compression ratio	9.9
Minimum power when rotating 5600 rpm	53 Kilowatts or 72 horsepower
Torque	103 Newtons per meter or 10 kilograms per meter
Power unit weight	126 kilograms
Fuel used	AI – 92, AI – 95
Ignition system	Contactless
How cylinders work	1 – 3 – 4 – 2

This motor is installed on the following cars: VAZ 2110, VAZ 21083.

Design

I would like to note that this power unit was installed on many cars. It does not require much attention during maintenance and costs during repairs.

It is based on a simple four-cylinder 2110 engine equipped with a direct injection system. The latter allows fuel to be injected into each cylinder of the engine to produce maximum power. The material is quite simple, high-strength cast iron with the addition of some elements. This combination allows for a very durable structure that can withstand shock and temperature changes.
Cooling is carried out throughout the unit, evenly. This move completely eliminates overheating of the power unit and its failure.
As for the cooling jacket, it is slightly open towards the cylinder head and cylinders. The lower part of the block is equipped with crankshaft bearing supports, which have special fastenings.
The crankshaft itself is made of high quality cast iron. This was not done by chance, because only cast iron is able to withstand colossal temperatures and loads. No other material can produce such results. All connecting rod bearings are lubricated through oil valves that are drilled along the entire length of the crankshaft. This is very convenient and practical, especially in the summer.
The power unit also has a vibration reduction system. It consists of several dozen counterweights located on the crankshaft. Due to this, the 2110 motor will not vibrate while moving.
In front of the crankshaft you can see the oil pump with a timing belt pulley. At the rear there is a flywheel made of high-quality cast iron.
All connecting rods are made of high-quality steel using forging. A small feature is the caps on the heads. There is a liner in the lower part, and a pressed-in bushing in the upper part.
All pistons are equipped with three rings: two for compression, one for oil control. As for the material of the pistons, it is simple aluminum.
On the bottom, the designers made special recesses for the combustion chamber. On top of all this is installed a cylinder head made of an alloy of steel and aluminum. Due to this, the 2110 motor is very durable and practical.
At the bottom of the cylinder block you can find special channels designed for coolant circulation.
A small feature of the VAZ 2110 engine is that the camshaft is located in the upper part of the power unit on supports. To reduce wear of parts, they are subjected to heat treatment. Thanks to this, the parts will not lose their properties during long-term operation.
I would also like to note that the 8-valve engine has two valves per cylinder: intake and exhaust. They allow the fuel mixture to enter and exit the cylinder, thereby completing operating cycles. In addition, they are equipped with special springs. It is very convenient and practical. In addition, the engine from the VAZ 2110 receives good power and torque.
The guide bushings and all valves are completely pressed into the cylinder head.
The camshaft is driven by a simple timing belt from the crankshaft.
I would also like to say something about the VAZ 2110 engine cooling system. The fact is that there is a fairly powerful electric fan installed here that turns on at a temperature of 115 degrees. It turns off when the power unit cools to 95 degrees.
The power supply system is equipped with the following components:

Fuel tank;
Fuel lift pump;
Air filter;
Fuel lines;
The carburetor itself.

It is worth noting that the fuel pump is located on the cylinder head itself and is driven by a pusher from the eccentric to the camshaft. All electronics of this type of car are focused on a simple controller. In simple words, an electronic control unit.

From the technical data sheet it is clear that the lubrication system has a combined system:

By spraying;
Under high pressure.

This system helps protect the power unit and mechanisms from damage and poor lubrication. All mechanisms will receive a sufficient amount of oil, which is very good. You don't have to worry about this. The VAZ 2110 engine with 16 valves is characterized by good durability and ease of maintenance.

Modifications

The standard VAZ 2110 contains new developments and some features.

The first car was completely carburetor and 8 valve. This system had a volume of 1.5 liters and made it possible to develop about 70 horsepower.

This potential was enough to get real pleasure from movement. As for the maximum speed, it varies within 160 kilometers per hour.

After the carburetor engine, the designers decided to make an injector (already 16 valve). Essentially, these are the same 1.5 liters of volume, but with slightly increased engine power to 79 horsepower. This move made it possible to improve dynamism and increase maximum speed.

A small feature is that the system has a 16 valve VAZ engine. This is very unusual for cars of this class.

Until the 90s, the vehicle had a rather sparse interior and exterior. The designers made the car as a means of transportation, not a luxury. Only after the 90s were customers able to get a spacious trunk, comfortable seats, an adjustable steering wheel, air conditioning, and so on. Over the entire production period of the VAZ 2110, a huge number of modifications of its engine were developed: both an 8-valve carburetor and a 16-valve injector.

VAZ 2110, greetings from the 80s

The VAZ 2110 began mass production only in 1996, and in parallel with those cars that it was supposed to replace. But there was demand, so both eights and nines were produced for a long time. 2110 was a kind of flagship model of the Volga Automobile Plant.

Despite the fact that, from the first years of production to the last copies, the car was structurally identical to the VAZ 21099, from time to time minor improvements appeared, which the plant was in a hurry to present almost as new models.

Service

This section includes changing the oil and adjusting the valves (8 and 16 valve engines).

Experts recommend changing the oil every 15 thousand kilometers. If you do not comply with these requirements, the power unit will quickly fail. The fact is that oil loses its properties over time and accumulates many harmful substances. Without changing the oil and flushing the engine, the car will not last long. The VAZ 2110 engine mounts are also being replaced.

Procedure during draining:

Unscrew the plug located under the bottom of the power unit. In this case, you can use a special key;
Carefully drain the used oil so that it does not get on your skin. If you are not careful, you can get a very serious burn to the skin as the oil is very hot;
Next, you can wipe the bottom of the power unit to get rid of any remaining oil;
Screw the plug back;
We unscrew the oil filter, which is located under the hood of the vehicle. To make your work easier, you can use a set of keys. We also replace the engine mount;
Coat all filter gaskets with a thin layer of oil. This is necessary so that the filter can easily fit into the fitting place. The force applied should be monitored very carefully. If you exaggerate with force, you will strip the thread.

Actions during pouring:

Carefully unscrew the filler cap;
We take new oil in our hands and begin to pour it into the neck in the amount of three liters. In this case, you need to monitor the level so as not to overfill. Otherwise, the oil will end up in unnecessary areas of the engine;
Next, you can start the power unit and wait a few minutes until the system warms up and the oil goes through several circles. Only after 20 minutes can you check the oil level. If it is not enough, then feel free to add more. In other cases, the process is completed, you can screw on the cover and put in the replaced engine mount;
We also check the dashboard. The Check Engine light should not be on.

ADJUSTMENT OF VALVES

This process is the most complex and quite interesting. The performance of the power unit and its stability will depend on the correctness of the actions.

If you want to tune the VAZ 2110 engine, then adjusting the valves can be classified as some kind of tuning.

The adjustment is carried out using the device:

Open the valve mechanism cover and completely remove the timing belt cover;
We install a device that will allow you to easily carry out all the actions;
We put the necessary marks on both the crankshaft and the camshaft. They are necessary for proper adjustment. You should also check the timing belt. It should be taut, not hanging;
Checking the gap;
Next, unscrew the washer and replace it with a new one according to the formula:

Н = В+(А–С), mm,

where A is the measured gap;
B – thickness of the removed washer;
C – nominal gap;
N – thickness of the new washer.

Pros and cons of the car

If you choose a car for everyday use and you need to know all the pros and cons of this car, I recommend that you familiarize yourself with all the pros and cons of this car.

Pros of the VAZ 2110

Available service;
Availability of spare parts;
Possibility of repairs “in the garage”;
Front-wheel drive;
16-valve injection engine;
Improved security system;
Low fuel consumption;
Suspension adapted to poor-quality road surfaces;
There is a hydraulic power steering wheel;
The steering column can be adjusted;
Air conditioning can be installed;
Improved front panel.

Cons of the VAZ 2110

Corrosion of metal;
Small resource of some spare parts;
Build quality;
Unbalanced operation of the stove;
Low sound insulation of the cabin;
Constant monitoring of the timing belt;
Equipment.
There is little free space inside the car;
It will be uncomfortable for three adult passengers to sit in the back.

Tuning

And in conclusion, I would like to say about tuning the VAZ 2110 engine.

In the VAZ 2110, engine tuning is very easy to do. To do this, you only need a tool and a room. This process can be done not only in a specialized workshop, but also in your garage.

Tuning a VAZ 2110 engine requires only a set of tools and patience:

The first step is to simply replace the camshaft with a better one. Due to this, power will increase and engine performance will improve.
You can also install a new crankshaft to increase the volume of the unit. If this is not done, then further tuning of the VAZ 2110 engine will be in vain.
The installation of a compressor is quite simple. This unit allows you to increase power and get good torque.
It is worth noting that tuning the VAZ 2110 engine can be done by anyone. This does not require special experience or skills. It is enough to know the structure of the car and have locksmith skills. Experts recommend installing a high-quality stock piston so that it can withstand about 0.5 bar.

Story

In 1983, AvtoVAZ wanted to make a sedan car based on the well-known eight VAZ 2108. This project received the familiar name VAZ 2110, but the engineers got too carried away with improvements and this would greatly increase the price of the car and as a sedan based on the eight it appeared VAZ 21099.

The first version of the car on which the tests were to be carried out appeared in 1985. The company's plans were to release this model into mass production in 1992, but the economic crisis prevented it, and as a result, the first cars appeared on June 27, 1995. At this time, the entire automotive world was at a new level, so this one is and was, at the time of release, a model of an old design.

This car has become a new level for AvtoVAZ, this can be seen if you compare it with the same Zhiguli VAZ 2107 and so on.

The car was discontinued in 2007, as it was replaced by the Lada Priora. But body versions such as the station wagon VAZ 2111 and VAZ 2112 were produced for another 2 years.

Now the car is still produced at the Bogdan company plant in Ukraine, since AvtoVAZ granted a production license to this company.