Throttle valve, potentiometer, idle speed controller

Hi all! I finally decided to do this. ) And I don’t regret it at all. Let's start in order. We will need: 1) Desire (there is no way without it) 2) Carburetor cleaner 3) Screwdriver 4) Ratchet with a 13 head 5) Hands growing from the right place (the most important thing) 6) Remote control gasket 7) Drilling file

Removing the remote control (I won’t quote pictures from the Murzilka, it’s described there in some detail), before doing this, open the cap of the expansion tank (to relieve the pressure). We disconnect the IAC and TPS connectors, loosen the clamps of the air hose, crankcase ventilation hose, coolant supply and discharge hoses. Using a 13mm socket, unscrew the two nuts securing the throttle assembly to the receiver and remove it from the studs.

Washing and cleaning both the throttle valve and the entire assembly is not a difficult task. But nevertheless, many car owners do not know how to clean correctly, why to clean and when to clean, and having only a little experience in car maintenance, they are afraid to climb under the hood and do anything with their own hands.

In this article we will analyze the entire procedure for flushing the throttle assembly, and I hope that the typical car owner will no longer have all the questions about performing this operation.

Signs of a dirty throttle body

The most common symptoms associated with a dirty damper:

1. poor or unstable engine starting “every time”;
2. unstable idling, speed fluctuates;
3. when driving at low speeds, the car twitches;
4. Difficulties at idle, engine stalls at idle.

All of these signs indicate a dirty throttle body. But don’t rush to draw conclusions and rush to clean the unit, because... the same signs may indicate a malfunction of some sensors: IAC, TPS - these sensors are located on the throttle assembly and may be faulty. In particular, high-quality flushing of the throttle assembly can cure these sensors, but not a fact (by following the link, you can check, clean, replace the IAC, check the TPS, repair and replace it). Also, a faulty mass air flow sensor has similar symptoms. It is advisable to clean the throttle assembly at intervals of 30 thousand km.

Do-it-yourself cleaning of the throttle valve on a VAZ 2110

The throttle valve is an integral part of almost any car. The domestic masterpiece represented by the VAZ 2110 is no exception.

It is noteworthy that there is no place for a car without a throttle valve, but it is this valve that often causes a lot of trouble to the car owner.

Most often, problems with the throttle manifest themselves in the form of incorrect operation of the gas pedal, strange behavior of revolutions when accelerating or driving on the road. The first thing you need to do is check if everything is fine with the damper.

In simple terms, without terminology unnecessary for most motorists, the throttle valve is nothing more than the gas pedal of your car.

By pressing or releasing this pedal, you thereby close or, on the contrary, open this damper.

The device provides a path for additional air to enter. When you press the gas pedal to the floor as much as possible, you open the throttle fully, so the engine speed increases.

Flushing the throttle valve

In this article we will describe two types of throttle valve cleaning:

These two types differ in the degree of difficulty of cleaning and, accordingly, in quality.

Superficial cleaning

The essence of this cleaning is that we will not completely disassemble the entire throttle assembly, but will go over the valve with a cloth and remove surface dirt.

For work we will need:

• Any cleaning agent: carburetor cleaner, alcohol, thinner, gasoline, wd-40. They differ only in the degree of “removability” of dirt and that’s all.
• Rag.
• Brush.

First of all, we remove the air filter bell from the throttle valve, take our cleaning agent and spray it inside the throttle valve. We begin to clean the surface with a rag and brush. Also, do not forget to open the damper itself and clean it from the back side. This completes our process; we reinstall the air filter pipe and that’s it. But with this cleaning method, we will not be able to completely clean all the insides of the throttle valve, we will not be able to blow through all the holes and channels, so it is better to use a complete cleaning.

Cleaning algorithm

Now we will give a step-by-step algorithm for properly cleaning the throttle valve.

1. First of all, you need to get to the damper itself. The design is different in different engines. But as a rule, to do this you need to remove the air duct that runs from the damper to the air filter.
2. Dismantle the damper. To do this, unscrew several mounting bolts (2-4 pieces), and also disconnect the necessary connectors (for example, the connector from the absorber purge valve).
3. To clean, you must use a carburetor cleaner. There is a wide variety of them, and in auto stores you can easily find a product in accordance with your preferences and capabilities (we will talk about them later).
4. Using a rag and the mentioned product, you must thoroughly wipe the damper outside and inside.
5. You also need to clean the protective grille (if your car has one).
6. Assembly of the unit is carried out in the reverse order.

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An easy way to clean your throttle body

The correct way to clean the throttle body

History of VAZ 21099

In the early 80s, constructors and designers were faced with the task of creating the most expensive and prestigious car of the VAZ series. It was supposed to replace the VAZ 2106 and become as unified as possible with the 2108/09 generation. Full-size plasticine models were made already in 1981.

Two years later, all the necessary tests of the VAZ 2108/09 were completed. Since by that time the new sedan was not ready and in order not to bother with permits and lengthy approvals for the new car, it was assigned the index 21099. Due to material problems, production began only in 1990, and in the late 90s the era of forced injection and on-board computers. The idle speed, crankshaft and throttle sensors of the VAZ 21099 injector have become a headache for motorists.

This car is a five-seat front-wheel drive sedan with four doors. It is a modification of the VAZ 2109 with a hatchback body. The car differs from the LADA Samara family only in the front radiator grille and the presence of a trunk. The car is well designed and calibrated, has the best handling in its family, high dynamics and stability, and the increase in maximum speed was very popular with consumers, and before the release of the “ten” it was considered the best VAZ car.

Until 1997, “ninety-niners” were produced exclusively with carburetor engines; later, such engines began to be replaced by units with injection equipment. Moreover, initially the idle speed sensor, crankshaft sensor and throttle sensor of the VAZ 21099 were manufactured abroad or installed from similar foreign cars. In subsequent years, production of domestic parts with forced fuel injection began under license.

Under the hood of the "nine"

The standard 21099 engine has a displacement of 1499 m3. The driving wheels are front, the steering is rack and pinion type, the maximum speed is 160 km/h. This car became a revolutionary in efficiency, fuel consumption on the highway was 5.9 liters, and in the combined cycle 8 liters per hundred.

In 2004, AvtoVAZ stopped producing this model, switching to Samara-2 generation cars. However, new cars inherited the old on-board computer and the same ECU sensors. So the VAZ 21099 detonation sensor is also installed on the updated 210115. For some time, VAZ 21099 were produced in Ukraine, at the Zaporozhye SKD Automobile Plant, from Russian components.

VAZ 2109 injector throttle position sensor

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To replace the TPS sensor on a VAZ 2108, 2109, 21099, you will need a Phillips screwdriver. We inspect the engine and find the location of the throttle sensor - it is located on the side of the throttle pipe and is connected to the throttle axis - the video clearly shows its location.

The throttle position sensor on injection versions of VAZ 2109-2108 engines performs the function of controlling the fuel supply. Depending on how much the gas pedal is pressed, this sensor sends a signal to the control unit, and it, in turn, decides how much fuel to supply.

Changing this part is quite simple, but you will definitely need a very short screwdriver for this. Although I had two sets of tools, I still had to buy a separate screwdriver to make the replacement:

It is located on the right side of the fuel injection system, or more precisely, on the throttle assembly of the car itself:

As you can see, it is attached with only two bolts, which can only be reached with a short screwdriver. But first you need to disconnect the plug with the power wires from the sensor:

Then we unscrew the bolts securing the TPS and you can carefully remove it from its place:

Now you can install the removed part in reverse order. As for the cost of this thing, approximately it can be purchased at a price from 400 to 700 rubles. It all depends on the manufacturer.

As you know, the VAZ 2110 was produced with injection and carburetor engines. The injectors are equipped with an impressive number of sensors, the performance of which determines the functionality of important units. Therefore, if they break down, problems may arise in moving, power decreases, fuel consumption increases, and much more.

A prime example of an important sensor is the throttle position sensor. Today we’ll talk about it in more detail.

What you need to know when buying a used car

Since 1998, the VAZ 21099 began to be equipped with injection engines, which are a priority to buy. Once you own a used car, you will often need to repair it yourself. There is nothing wrong with this; changing the knock sensor of a VAZ 21099, whose injector has begun to act up, will not be difficult. Most operations do not require special training or special knowledge - you can do everything yourself by watching a video from YouTube or reading step-by-step instructions on the Internet.

The best way to check the condition of the engine is to measure the compression in the cylinders. For 21099, the best result will be 13 units, and if it is less than 10, then a major engine overhaul will be required. It is worth considering the fact that the difference in readings when measuring in different cylinders should not exceed 1%. It is not advisable to buy a car with a dirty, oily engine, as this indicates serious damage. Beware of cars with ECU problems, since a failed VAZ 21099 or 21115 throttle sensor can ruin your nerves for a long time, you will get tired of looking for the cause of the breakdown.

Cleaning without removal

Also, many car owners are interested in the question of how to clean the throttle valve without removing it. Such methods do exist, but you must immediately understand that high-quality cleaning is only possible by dismantling the damper .

To do this, you will need a special product - an intake tract cleaner. You can use different brands. You can also use EGR valve cleaning fluid, WD-40, and solvents for cleaning.

So, the procedure without removing the node :

Let us repeat once again that for proper cleaning, the throttle valve must be removed from the car. And when installing it back, it is advisable to replace the damper gasket with a new one. Fortunately, its price is low.

It should also be remembered that in most cases, after cleaning the throttle valve, it is necessary to perform actions to “train” it . This procedure is carried out either using a computer (by connecting it to the car's ECU), or by manipulating the ignition and gas pedal. In this case, it is impossible to give universal recommendations, since they can differ significantly for each manufacturer and even model. Remember this!

Main malfunctions of the power plant

Many car owners know that the idle speed sensor and knock sensor often fail, ruining the drivers' nerves: the car can simply stall or spontaneously increase the crankshaft speed in the middle of a busy intersection in the city, causing an emergency.

Removing the throttle sensor

The VAZ 21099 throttle sensor often causes trouble, causing on-board computer failures, not to mention uncontrolled driving and the dangers associated with it. As mentioned above, trouble with VAZs often occurs due to flooding or other reasons for the ingress of moisture, which leads to failures of the on-board computer, disruption of the operation of individual sensors or the entire electronically controlled engine unit.

You need to know that the idle air control is an important part of the distributed fuel injection system and is used for proper engine operation in all modes, including idle. The design of this regulator is based on a stepper motor, assembled into a single unit with a cone-shaped needle, on a spring; the idle air control (IAC) is located in the throttle system housing. It is located in the same place as the throttle sensor on VAZ 21099, 2109.

Debugg

If you notice that the throttle has begun to perform its direct duties poorly, do not rush to go to a service station and hand over your money.

The problem with the damper can often be solved with your own hands.

Most often, a problem with the throttle occurs due to contamination, which leads to impaired functionality. To correct the situation, simply clean the element.

When Cleaning Is Required

The practice of "tens" car owners shows that on these cars the throttle becomes clogged literally just a few years after the start of active use of the car.

The biggest “pests” for the damper are particles of oil, dust and gases coming from the engine crankcase.

When the engine is running, dust mixes with air and oil, forming a kind of mixture that enters the throttle valve. Over time, this substance sticks to surfaces and accumulates on the idle rod.

Soon the thermal gap becomes covered with dirt, and access through the idle air regulator channel is significantly deteriorated. If you do nothing, the engine will begin to work incorrectly, the dynamics will drop, and the engine will respond late to pressing the gas pedal.

According to the recommendations in the operating manual for the domestic ten, the damper should be cleaned after every 50 thousand kilometers traveled. If you clean it in a timely manner, the throttle will last much longer and there will be no problems with the operation of the power unit.

How does the idle speed sensor work in an injection system?

After the ignition is started, the idle mode sensor extends its rod, which in its maximum state rests against the hole in the throttle pipe. The regulator is then busy counting the steps that return the valve to its original position. It entirely depends on the firmware version of the on-board computer. For example, Bosch firmware is designed for 50 steps. In this case, the injector sends an opening control signal to the VAZ 21099 throttle valve.

Adjusting engine speed

At the time of adjustment, the engine must be warmed up and the sensor must operate in 30 - 50 steps. Depending on the number of sensor steps, the volume of the air mixture that passes into the combustion chamber through the calibration hole changes. You need to understand: the more the sensor rod is extended, the more steps the sensor will produce. When purchasing, you must carefully select the idle speed regulator for VAZs, paying attention to the gap between the rod head and the flange: it should not exceed 2.3 cm!

Forced distribution fuel injection systems also use a mass air mixture flow sensor (MAF), which supplies a certain amount of air into the combustion chamber through the on-board computer. Then the computer determines the optimal amount of fuel that needs to be supplied along with the air mixture for reliable ignition and uniform combustion, ensuring optimal operation of the combustion engine. In this case, the crankshaft sensor provides information about the number of engine revolutions, thereby controlling the idle speed regulator through the on-board computer. According to this scheme, the engine always receives the optimal amount of air-fuel mixture into the combustion chamber and operates with maximum efficiency. If the engine is cold, the controller will specifically increase the crankshaft speed using the idle speed regulator, ensuring that the engine reaches the desired thermal conditions quickly and is able to drive without a long warm-up procedure.

Causes of pollution and how to deal with them

There are several reasons why the throttle body becomes dirty over time. By avoiding their appearance, you will automatically extend the time between cleaning it. Reasons mentioned include:

• Using low-quality gasoline . If there is sediment in it, it will definitely get into the throttle assembly, where it will turn into carbon deposits. Therefore, try to fill in high-quality gasoline and refuel at proven gas stations.
• Clogged fuel filter . If you do not change the fuel filter in time, then there is a possibility that pieces of dirt from it will get into the fuel system, including the throttle assembly.
• Dust and dirt getting into the intake system . This can be caused by various reasons - clogged air filter, damage to the integrity of the air duct, various mechanical stress.
• Crankcase gases with oil dust . They are the main cause of oil deposits on the valve. They can enter the combustion chamber through the valve cover from the crankcase ventilation system. The situation is aggravated by the fact that they carry oil dust. It is this that burns and remains as sediment on the surface of the throttle valve.

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Clogged fuel filter

Change the air and fuel filters on time, fill with high-quality gasoline, and prevent dust from getting into the car's fresh air ventilation system. All this will save you from the need to clean the throttle valve ahead of schedule.

Diagnostics and repair of HHH

Replacing the sensor is quite simple. First, disconnect the “ground”, the negative terminal of the battery, then you need to release the plastic latch and disconnect the contact block from the idle speed sensor mounted on the throttle pipe of the VAZ 21099. Next, you need to unscrew a couple of fastening screws and remove the regulator from the pipe. Usually everyone loses bolts at this point, since the screw located next to the receiver is very inconveniently located. Car mechanics advise you to first unscrew the left screw, then pull the sensor slightly towards you and easily unscrew the second bolt. It is better to reassemble in the reverse order, lubricating the regulator with oil for ease of installation.

Calibrating a new sensor

Having installed a repaired or new, just purchased sensor, it needs to be calibrated. This is done very simply: connect the negative battery terminal, turn on the ignition briefly (for 5-10 seconds). The ignition is turned off. The device will not be calibrated if the battery has not been disconnected. In a similar way, the VAZ 21099 throttle sensor, the injector of which operates in normal mode, is tested and calibrated.

Auto experts strongly recommend that motorists use DXX produced in the 2112-114830 series. Regulators “KZTA” РХХ 2112-1148300-04 are also popular. It is necessary to take into account that the final mark of the regulator is of great importance, and it is best to buy a device with the same marks as those that were on the broken one. There are four types in total: 01,2,3, 04. They have a strict interchangeability procedure: the regulator with the number 01 can only be changed to 03, and 02 only to 04 and vice versa.

It is noteworthy that the idle speed sensor cannot be diagnosed via a computer; indirect signs indicate its breakdown:

• the engine constantly stalls in idle mode;
• The idle speed constantly fluctuates (although the DPKV is working);
• when the engine starts cold, there is no increase in crankshaft speed;
• The engine stalls right when the gearbox is shifted.

It is noteworthy that the symptoms of a broken DPS are similar to malfunctions caused by a defective DPS. The difference is that the second option can be diagnosed by a critical error on the on-board computer. A check email notification will pop up. It’s good that DXX for VAZ 21099 costs no more than 400 rubles.

Knock sensor

Very often, the knock sensor of VAZ 21099 and 210115 fails, thereby disrupting engine operation. After all, its main task is to determine the moment of fuel microexplosions.

Any motorist knows that good proper operation of the engine depends on optimally selected ignition timing angles; ideally, they are different for each engine operating mode. This is why there is an ECU, whose main task is to set these angles as ideally as possible using a knock sensor. It is he who can accurately determine that the ignition timing is set incorrectly. The ECU program is written to set the ignition timing as large as possible in order to prevent the engine from going into the detonation zone.

The VAZ 21099 knock sensor, the injector of which has not been cleaned and diagnosed for a long time, fails very quickly, especially if it is a semi-handicraft fake, of which there are more than 80% on the market. After all, it is equipped with a very sensitive element that works on the principle of the piezoelectric effect. This device is mounted directly on the cylinder block.

If the knock sensor of a VAZ 21099, 210115 or other car brands fails, then the engine begins to overuse fuel, overheat and stall, it loses traction and the timing belt wears out greatly. The VAZ 21099 knock sensor is considered broken, the injector of which begins to produce the following tricks:

• the motor is troublesome;
• the car loses dynamics;
• when starting from a standstill and on an ascent, the check engine of the on-board computer lights up;
• The check engine lights up when the car accelerates quickly.

You can buy a VAZ 21099 knock sensor at any auto store for up to 200 rubles, or install a Volgov one, which costs up to 500 rubles and has unsurpassed quality.

Do not skimp on the knock, idle or throttle sensors of the VAZ 21099. And then the injector will be able to serve you faithfully for many years.

Throttle position sensor (TPS) VAZ 21083, 21093, 21099

The throttle position sensor (TPS) is one of the elements of the electronic control system (ECM) of the injection engine of VAZ 21083, 21093, 21099 vehicles.

Purpose of the throttle position sensor

TPS is designed to control the position of the throttle valve. The control unit takes the signal from the position sensor into account when calculating the amount of fuel required by the engine at the moment. The system uses TPS readings in start-up, operating and power modes, as well as when determining idle and forced idle.

Throttle position sensor device

On VAZ 21083, 21093,21099 cars a film-resistor throttle position sensor is installed. Inside it are resistive tracks and a slider moving along them. The slider is connected to the throttle shaft. As the slider moves along the tracks, the resistance changes and, accordingly, the voltage supplied to the control unit. That is, it is a potentiometric type resistor.

The sensor has three outputs: one control unit supplies a voltage of 5V, the other is connected to ground, and the third sends a changing signal about the throttle position to the unit.

Location by car

The throttle position sensor on the engines of VAZ 21083, 21093, 21099 cars is located on the throttle body, on the throttle axis.

Operating principle of TPS

When the throttle valve is closed, the throttle position sensor supplies a voltage of 0.35 - 0.7 V to the controller. When the throttle valve is opened, the slider inside the TPS begins to move along its resistor tracks. The voltage supplied from the sensor to the controller increases. Based on its value, the controller determines the degree of opening of the throttle valve and accordingly enriches or leans the fuel mixture (the more the valve is open, the higher the enrichment). With the throttle valve fully open, the voltage produced by the TPS is 4.05 - 4.75V.

When the throttle is opened more than 90%, the controller stops supplying fuel to the cylinders. This mode is usually used when purging cylinders with the gas pedal fully depressed and the crankshaft rotated by the starter.

A fully closed throttle signals the controller to enter idle mode.

When you sharply press the gas pedal and, accordingly, a sharp jump in voltage supplied to the controller, there is an additional increase in fuel supply to the engine (imitation of a carburetor accelerator pump).

TPS malfunctions

Failure of the throttle position sensor most often leads to failures and jerks in engine operation, since the controller receives an incorrect signal about the throttle position and, accordingly, incorrectly calculates the fuel supply. In addition, a faulty TPS is one of the reasons for increased idle speed (sometimes freezing at 1500-2000 rpm), interruptions when releasing the gas and changing gears, deterioration in vehicle dynamics, and increased fuel appetite of the engine.

A complete failure of the sensor leads to a transition to the backup mode of operation of the engine management system and the “Check Engine” lamp on the instrument panel lights up and the error is entered into the controller’s memory. In this case, the fuel supply is calculated by the controller based on the readings of the mass air flow sensor, the TPS data is replaced by readings from the backup table. The idle speed is not regulated and is set within 1500 rpm (120 steps of the idle speed control).

Most often, in the TPS, the resistive layer of the tracks along which the slider moves crumbles. Therefore, it is advisable to change it to a contactless TPS.

Applicability of the throttle position sensor on VAZ 21083, 21093, 21099 vehicles

On VAZ 21083, 21093, 21099 cars with injection engines and controllers of all types, a throttle position sensor 2112-1148200 manufactured by GM or its domestic analogues is used.