The best ways to replace fine and coarse fuel filters on a VAZ 2109/2114/2115

The fuel filter in a car serves to clean the fuel from mechanical impurities and protects the fuel system elements from clogging. Clogging of parts leads to interruptions in engine operation or to its complete stop. In some cases, as a result of dirt clogging the system elements, repairs may be required, which leads to labor and material costs. And in any case, it causes a lot of trouble for the vehicle owner.

Fuel filter

Where are the purifiers located?

The location of fuel filters on VAZ models depends on the engine. On injection and carburetor systems they are located in different places.

Filter location on carburetor internal combustion engines

On carburetor VAZs, the fuel purifier is located under the hood. It is installed under the brake reservoir (main), secured with 2 clamps.

The filter for carburetor VAZs is located under the brake cylinder

Location of the cleaner on the injector

On a VAZ with an injection system, the FTO is installed under the car, at the rear near the muffler. It is mounted in the form of a cartridge in the fuel line. To inspect or dismantle it, you have to lift the car onto an overpass or pit.

Safety

Regardless of the type of engine on your VAZ 2109, the procedure for replacing the fuel cleaning device must be carried out in compliance with certain safety measures.

1. Do not smoke under any circumstances while repairing the fuel system. Be patient. We do not recommend going outside to smoke. Your clothes may be oily or saturated with fuel. The slightest ember and problems cannot be avoided.
2. Always keep a fire extinguisher near your car. When changing the fuel cleaner, place it next to you. A useful measure that has saved more than one person and saved more than one car.
3. Avoid contact of fuel with eyes. It is best to work with safety glasses.
4. Work on the fuel system only in well-ventilated areas. If repairs are being carried out in winter, it is better to dress warmly and open the garage doors.
5. Do not change the filter outside during extreme heat. Even high air temperatures and direct rays of the sun can become a source of fire.
6. You can work on the fuel system only when the engine has completely cooled down.

It will be useful: Reasons for the movement of the starter if the engine refuses to start

A fire extinguisher is a must have at hand. According to the operating manual, on injection VAZ 2109 the fuel purifier should be changed once every 20 thousand kilometers. In fact, given the operating conditions, this period should be halved. As for the carburetor, it is recommended to change the filter every 10 thousand kilometers. In practice - about 7 thousand kilometers.

Replacing this device is a fairly simple task that even a beginner can handle. The most important point is compliance with safety measures.

Preliminary stage

1.Relieve the pressure in the fuel system. This can be done by pressing the nipple under the black cap on the left side of the engine compartment for a few seconds. Don't forget to place a small container, as gasoline will leak out. (1-1, 1-2)

2. A similar result can be achieved in another way. To do this, remove the rear seat and see a small hatch under the seal. We unscrew 2 screws with a Phillips screwdriver, remove the cover and disconnect the terminal located under it.

We start the car and let the gasoline in the fuel line be used up.

3. Disconnect the battery terminal.

4. Raise the car and find the fuel filter under the bottom on the trunk side.

We clean off all the dirt with a metal brush and spray it on the threaded joints.

Quality screw removal method

With Solex carburetors, the XX channel in the body itself often becomes clogged, and in order to clear it thoroughly, it is necessary to remove the quality screw. But this screw, as mentioned above, has a very tight fit and is not easy to get out. There are several methods for dismantling a part; we will consider only one option.

We take a piece of an old antenna from any radio receiver, select the outer diameter so that the tube fits into the channel of the carburetor body, usually the outer thickness of the “puller” is about 4 mm. We cut off a small piece, make a cut at one end (about 1 cm deep), use another quality screw (a spare one, or you can buy it specially in a store), and check how tightly the tube fits onto the head of the screw.

Now you can unscrew the screw and use a homemade puller to remove it from the KU body.

Step-by-step procedure for carrying out replacement work on a VAZ-2114

Before starting work on dismantling the fuel filter, it is necessary to relieve the pressure in the system. This must be done so that during removal it does not splash and flood everything around.

1. To relieve pressure, first move back the rear seat, open the gas tank hatch and turn off the pump power supply.
   The arrow marks the location of the pump under the rear seat

   Removing the protective cover

   Diagnosing the fuel pump

2. Next, we start the car and leave it running until the engine stops working and stalls.
3. After this, we try to start the car again to make sure that there is no fuel in the system.
4. At this point, work on relieving the operating pressure in the system can be considered completed.

We recommend: Do-it-yourself replacement of starter bushings on VAZ cars

Alternative way to relieve pressure

If you do not feel confident in the correctness of such a procedure, you can remove the fuse from the block, located there under the marking F3 , which is responsible for powering the fuel pump.

The fuse box under the hood is marked with an arrow.

When the fuse is removed, start the engine and also wait until all the fuel is gone. The main thing is, after completing all the work, do not forget to put this fuse back in place.

Dismantling process

As mentioned above, depending on the type of engine, the method of fixing the filter differs from each other.

Engine capacity 1.6

So, if you are the owner of a 1.6- liter engine, it is enough to just press the clamps of the fuel pipes with a little force and remove them from the place of fixation.

Engine capacity 1.5

And if you have 1.5 -liter engine, then you need to do the following:

1. Carefully apply lubricant to all fixing parts to make them easier to dismantle.
2. Next, remove the fitting from the fuel line drive using keys “17” and “19”.

   The nuts to be unscrewed are indicated by arrows.

3. During these actions, it is necessary to secure the connection tightly to avoid scrolling.
4. Leave the remaining gasoline that will spill out during dismantling to drain into a container.
5. In exactly the same way, remove the retainer from the reverse side and remove any remaining fuel.
6. When the filter does not hold anything, remove all the fuel supply pipes from it and loosen the housing clamp using a “10” wrench.

   This nut usually comes off easily.

7. Remove the old filter.

The process of installing a new fuel filter (there are nuances)

1. Before you begin installing the filter, take care to install sealing rings on the pipes, which you should wipe in advance with a dry rag to remove any remaining fuel and other liquids.

   The ring is indicated by a red arrow.

2. Reinstallation is carried out strictly in the reverse order of removal, paying only attention to how the arrow indicates the direction of movement of gasoline along the highway. On cars with a volume of 1.5, from right to left in relation to the side of the car, and on 1.6 vice versa.
3. After you have installed and secured the new filter in place, connected all the fuel supply wires, you need to turn the ignition key and wait until fuel is pumped into the engine.
4. Before starting the engine, this procedure must be done 3-4 times so that the entire filter cavity is filled and displaces all available air.
5. After this, start the engine and let it idle while inspecting the filter connections for leaks. And if such are found, you need to turn off the engine and secure the connections as tightly as possible.

What will happen when driving with an old filter?

If clogged, the filter will lose its ability to perform its main function - to clean the fuel, so the fuel mixture injection nozzles and the entire power system will become clogged, and the required amount of normal fuel will not flow into the engine itself.

Fuel that has not undergone proper cleaning will burn out not evenly, but in fragments, and will begin to settle on the pistons, cylindrical partitions, and spark plugs. A fuel mixture containing heavy metals and other particles, as a result of combustion products entering the exhaust system through accelerators and a lambda probe, will begin to gradually reduce the service life of all these elements.

It cannot be said that a clogged filter directly affects fuel consumption. However, the increase in fuel consumption, which is observed in this case, will lead to a decrease in power. As a result, for normal use of the vehicle you will have to press the gas harder, which, in fact, requires more gasoline or diesel. Therefore, a clogged filter for the fuel mixture, without directly affecting gasoline consumption, leads to an increase in this parameter.

Thus, it is necessary to constantly monitor the condition of the fuel filter and, if signs of clogging appear, immediately replace the spare part, since its further use is guaranteed to lead to serious problems with engine operation, the solution of which requires significant material costs.

It should also be noted that the process of replacing the cleaning element itself is not at all difficult; if you have the appropriate skills, you can do everything yourself. You can also always seek help from professionals who will do everything quickly and efficiently.

FUEL FILTER ON THE VAZ 2114 MODEL

The fuel filter is a filter element in a housing and is installed directly into the fuel line. The element itself can be fine or coarse; in many cars, two filter elements are installed at once. Two elements are necessarily present in cars with a diesel engine, since low-quality diesel fuel has a very detrimental effect on engine parts. And the high-pressure fuel pump does not tolerate dirt and can fail.

Injection gasoline engines are more demanding on fuel quality than carburetor engines. And since the fourteenth VAZ model is equipped with an internal combustion engine (ICE) with a distributed injection fuel system (injector), the requirements for fuel quality for the vehicle’s internal combustion engine are high.

LOCATION

The VAZ 2114 has two filters installed - for coarse cleaning there is a mesh that is installed on the submersible fuel pump (the pump is located inside the gas tank), for fine cleaning there is a special filter in a metal case, it is located in the gasoline line of a front-wheel drive VAZ car.

To find out where the fine fuel filter is located, you need to look under the car. The filter is located under the rear trunk of the car, between the fuel tank and the rear of the muffler. Its location can be easily determined by the fuel pipes leading to it. The fuel filter is attached to the VAZ 2114 using a metal clamp, which in turn is connected to the bottom of the car. It is not difficult to get to the filter element, but it is convenient to change it on a pit or lift.

Filter-located-under-trunk

VARIETIES

As is known, the VAZ 2114 model (similar to it VAZ 2113 and VAZ 2115) was equipped with an internal combustion engine of 1.5 and 1.6 liters. Therefore, filters have different designs depending on the type of fastening of the fuel pipes.

For cars with an engine capacity of 1.5 liters, the filters have threaded fittings; with a volume of 1.6 liters, the fuel line elements are secured using specific clamps (clips). The parts are not interchangeable with each other, and therefore, before replacing, you need to make sure what type of element is needed acquire.

The cost of a fuel filter depends on the manufacturer of the product and the region in which the part is purchased. The price can range from 150 to 600 rubles. Inexpensive filters are from MANNOL, Nevsky, Citron, Ekofil, LAAZ, AvtoVAZ. Products from FRAM, BOSCH, FINWHALE, MANN are considered more expensive (but also of higher quality).

REPLACEMENT FREQUENCY AND SIGNS OF CLOGGING

The manufacturer recommends replacing the VAZ 2114 fuel filter after 30 thousand kilometers. How long to actually change it is another question. The quality of Russian gasoline often forces replacements to be made much more often. On average, it is recommended to change the filter element every 20 thousand km. They also change the filter if it becomes clogged prematurely. Signs of a clogged fuel filter indicate that the element is inoperative:

• The car loses power and does not develop speed, although the engine runs stably at idle;
• The VAZ 2114 jerks when driving, sometimes even stalls;
• When driving at any speed, the engine chokes, “sneezes,” and periodic pops occur in the intake manifold;
• The car practically does not go uphill;
• The car starts and immediately stalls;
• And finally, the car cannot be started at all (gasoline does not enter the engine).

Is there a difference between struts and shock absorbers

Some people, even those who work with cars, confuse struts and shock absorbers. You need to understand that these are separate mechanisms that, although they are part of the same system, perform different functions. Thus, shock absorbers are designed to smooth out vehicle vibrations when driving and give it a “soft” ride. Racks are needed to secure the wheels to the body and support the entire weight of the car. With broken shock absorbers, the car is quite functional, although handling suffers greatly from this. If the racks fail, further movement is not possible.

It is also worth considering the load to which these parts are subject. Shock absorbers are loaded along their axis within their plane, while the struts are loaded along their entire circumference. In ninety-nine percent of cases, the breakdown of the racks indicates their complete failure; therefore, they are not subject to repair.

Thus, under no circumstances should shock absorbers and struts, which are different parts of the car, be confused. Confusion can arise due to the fact that a car's shock-absorbing system is sometimes sold assembled, and both struts and shock absorbers with a damper and spring are contained in one box. However, it is impossible to equate these mechanisms. Moreover, it is impossible to divide the struts into “gas” and “oil” ones, since this classification concerns shock absorbers as a whole, and not individual struts.

What fuel filters are installed on VAZ 2109/2114/2115 cars

VAZ cars of the listed models are equipped with filters designed for various power plants. They are divided into two types: for coarse cleaning (mesh in the fuel pump) and fine cleaning FTO (separate filter).

The VAZ coarse filter is located inside the fuel pump

Filters intended for carburetor systems are made of durable and transparent material, usually plastic. The transparency of the case allows you to monitor the state of cleanliness and promptly change consumables. These models are capable of cleaning fuel in a zone of 15–20 microns. One of these materials is placed inside them: felt, felt or paper.

For injection systems of VAZ cars, cleaning of a much higher level is required. Therefore, the filters for injection “nines”, VAZ 2114 and 2115 are different. They are made of stainless steel and are installed separately.

For rough cleaning, plate-slit, mesh and belt are used, which trap debris found in the fuel. On the contrary, PTO uses elements made of porous materials.

Which ones are better

Fuel filters, especially for engines with injectors, must have the required cleaning quality. Therefore, the best cleaner can be called the one whose throughput is at least 5–7 microns (injector) and 15 microns (carburetor). In addition, it should not fail in the case of a pressure of 3-5 bar.

It is also recommended to pay attention when choosing the method of fastening the fuel system pipes. There are models with hexagonal locking and models with snap fastening. The latter are more convenient in terms of replacement.

Approximate cost of replacing fuel filters

Replacement takes approximately 30–50 minutes, depending on the part model. In this regard, the cost of the procedure at a service station also varies, which is calculated according to the amount of time spent.

In fact, it is recommended to initially negotiate with the service center employee about the cost of the procedure, agree on the time, etc. As a rule, the replacement price starts from 700 rubles and does not cross the line of 1000–1200 rubles.

The price of the VAZ fuel filter itself does not exceed 200–600 rubles.

Purchasing a new item

When choosing this element, be sure to pay attention to the following parameters:

• filtration level. If it is insufficient and large particles nevertheless penetrate into the system along with the fuel, this will very quickly lead to engine failure;
• the area of ​​the filtration element, as well as the presence of a rubber seal that covers the entrance to the filter itself. If there is none, this part will be very problematic to replace.

Depending on the fuel system, fine filters are divided into:

carburetor, permissible degree of purification is 15-20 microns (smaller particles will pass into this system, but will not harm the fuel delivery system to the engine); injection, finer degree of purification, 5-10 microns (in such systems, the requirements for the maximum size of permissible contamination are higher, i.e.

the injector can become clogged with larger particles, so the holes in the filter are smaller); diesel engines are capable of retaining not only very small solid particles (less than 5 microns), but also removing moisture, and this is very important for a diesel engine.

Main stage

1. Using two keys (17 and 19), unscrew the fitting nuts on both sides of the filter.

Or, if the fastening is on wire clips, press the fasteners.

In both cases, it is necessary to place a container for residual fuel to avoid getting it on clothes, body or floor.

2. Unscrew the nut of the fuel filter mounting bracket.

3. We take out the used element and replace it with a new one. At the same time, we take into account the direction of movement of fuel in the system. The arrow on the filter body will tell you how to do this correctly. Sometimes there are additional inscriptions in (input) and out (output).

Tighten the fastening clamp nut.

4. Check the degree of wear of the O-rings. If necessary, we replace them too. (9)

5.Connect the pipes. We tighten the nuts on the fittings or clamp the clamps.

At this point, the work on installing the fuel filter on the VAZ-2114 can be considered complete, and as you can see for yourself, there is nothing complicated in such work. The main thing is to follow our instructions exactly.

How to install an updated system

To install the plug to the block system head, based on the injection mechanism, install the positive wire. Install the manifold and injectors located on the in-line rack, the receiver and the throttle component. The throttle cable is taken as an elongated sample.

The fuel structure in the new model is placed at the bottom of the body, after which pipes and purifiers are installed. Next, install a new tank and connect the product to the system. To check the operation of the nozzles and their condition in relation to leakage and damage to the integrity of the material, blow out the internal plane with a pump. Then install the ramp, sensors and all the equipment based on electrical and high-voltage activity, the starting module, to the collector.

When the installation of the air filter is completed and all operations go perfectly, the car is started. The modernization can be considered successful if the VAZ-2109 starts immediately, on the first try.

Idle speed adjustment

The most common problem with a Solex carburetor is the disappearance of normal idle speed; the engine begins to operate intermittently at low speeds. Very often, the cause of such a malfunction is either a clogged EMG jet or the solenoid valve itself. It is very easy to check this - while the engine is running at idle, we disconnect the wiring from the EMG; if the nature of the internal combustion engine does not change at all, and when the valve is unscrewed, the speed increases noticeably, then the defect is present.

You can try to restore normal operation of the XX without removing the entire assembly, and this procedure is quite simple:

• With the engine off, remove the air filter with housing:
• disconnect the EMG wire, unscrew the valve itself;
• we start the engine, plugging the “idle” channel with a finger, “accelerate” several times;
• we stop the engine, do not forget to blow out the EMG and its nozzle using a compressor or hand pump, separating these parts from each other;
• we put the parts in place, do a test start of the internal combustion engine: if the idle speed has stabilized, and when the wiring was removed, the speed changed, it means that the reason was precisely the blockage, and now the idle speed has “returned to normal.”

But it is not always possible to clean the channel in this way; specks may get stuck in the area of ​​the quality screw. Here you already need to remove and disassemble the carburetor, dismantle the screw, which in general is not very difficult, since it is located deep in the channel and is held there by a rubber sealing ring.

What tool will you need?

After the final decision has been made on self-prevention with subsequent replacement of worn-out elements, we check the availability of the following tools:

• set of heads;
• flathead and Phillips head screwdrivers;
• rags;
• new filter, according to the catalog article;
• empty container for storing waste.

Adjusting the fuel level in the float chamber

Maintaining a normal level of gasoline in the float chamber is an important condition; if it is not met, malfunctions in the operation of the car occur:

• if the level is below normal, the engine does not have enough speed, power decreases, and gasoline consumption increases;
• if it is higher than required, fuel consumption also increases, and even more.

Setting the fuel level for the VAZ-2108-09-099 is quite simple, and in this case it is not at all necessary to remove the carburetor. The procedure for adjusting the position of the floats is as follows:

• remove the KVF assembly with the filter element;
• disconnect the choke cable, fuel hoses, EMG power cable;
• unscrew the five screws securing the carburetor cover;
• turn the lid over, take a drill with a thickness of 1 to 2 mm and take a measurement between the gasket and the lower surface of the floats - this distance should be exactly within these limits, and the same.

You can also measure the fuel level, but before carrying out such a procedure, it is necessary for the engine to idle for several minutes. The distance from the upper edge of the housing to the surface of the gasoline is measured; according to factory conditions, it should be 25-26 mm. Another way is to measure the distance from the gasket to the top edge of the floats with a caliper; it is 34 mm (with the cover upside down).

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Instructions for replacing filter 21120-1117010 are presented below.

• Relieve pressure in the fuel circuit.
• Unscrew the fuel pipes.

Loosen the clamp.

Remove the filter.

• Check the O-rings and replace them if necessary.
• Install a new filter.