Engine overheating is an undesirable situation for any car model. Problems with cooling on the VAZ 2114 must be resolved promptly, because An increase in temperature above normal can lead to a breakdown of the gasket under the block head, and then to the appearance of cracks in the block itself. There are several reasons for a sharp increase in engine temperature, but one of them is the failure of the cooling fan. To do the repair yourself, you need to understand what the VAZ 2114 cooling fan diagram (injector) looks like.
Circuit diagram for switching on the cooling fan for a VAZ 2110 carburetor engine.
The circuit diagram for switching on the cooling fan of the VAZ 2110 on carburetor and injection cars is different. On cars with a carburetor engine, a thermobimetallic sensor TM-108 is used for this, and on cars with an injection engine, control is carried out by a controller.
When the fan is controlled by a sensor, the switching temperature depends on the sensor setting temperature, which is indicated on the housing. If the fan does not turn on when the temperature rises to the sensor response temperature, you must first check the serviceability of the sensor. To check, just close the contacts on the sensor and if it turns on, you need to change the sensor. If after closing the terminals the fan does not work, then the cooling fan switching circuit and the integrity of the fuse need to be checked.
When does the radiator fan turn on on a VAZ-2110
To really understand how to change the fan switching temperature on a VAZ-2110 injector, you need to know exactly the factory design parameters and the principle of fan switching itself.
In carburetor engines, the fan turned on at about 100 degrees.
On old-style 2110 carburetor engines, the fan was turned on using a thermobimetallic sensor. It was installed directly in the radiator bank and set to a certain temperature. Since the normal operating temperature of antifreeze is 80-90 degrees , the bimetallic plate made contacts at approximately 100-105 degrees .
In a carburetor VAZ-2110, the sensor is located in the radiator. In an injection engine, the sensor is located in the cylinder block.
In injection tens, the fan starts in a completely different way. There are two temperature sensors installed near the thermostat - one with one wire, the second with two. The first one is responsible only for the temperature indicator needle, so there is little demand from it. The second sensor with two wires is working. It is he who supplies the impulse to the electronic engine control unit, which then supplies power to the fan motor network.
Scheme.
Features of the temperature sensor
However, one must understand that a temperature sensor is a conventional converter of thermal energy into a variable electrical pulse. More precisely, when the temperature of the antifreeze changes, the resistance of the sensor changes approximately in this mode:
| Antifreeze temperature, °C | Resistance, Ohm |
| 100 | 123 |
| 80 | 215 |
| 60 | 667 |
| 40 | 1459 |
| 20 | 3520 |
| 9420 | |
| -20 | 28680 |
| -40 | 100700 |
Now the principle of operation of the fan activation system becomes clear - the ECU receives a certain electrical impulse when the temperature reaches 110 ° C (133 Ohms) and supplies power to the fan motor.
As soon as the resistance of the sensor element rises to 187 Ohms (which corresponds to 97 °C), power is removed from the fan and the engine cools down.
The fan does not turn on.
But there are malfunctions in which the controller does not recognize the malfunction and the fan may not turn on when the temperature reaches above 105 degrees. C. In this case, to check the circuit and sensor, it is necessary to remove the connector from the temperature sensor while the engine is running. If the circuit is working properly and the sensor is malfunctioning, the fan will turn on and turn off when the connector is returned to its place.
If the circuit malfunctions, it is necessary to check the integrity of the fuse, the serviceability of the relay and wires, according to the circuit. For a quick check, you need to bridge terminals 30 and 87 of the fan relay, located in the heater shaft on the passenger side. If the fan works, without removing the relay from the block, connect the case and pin 86 of the relay with a test lamp, the relay should work and the fan should turn on. In this case, the controller or the wire connecting the relay to pin 46 of the controller is faulty.
If you do not hear the characteristic click of the relay turning on, and a positive signal is supplied from the main relay to pin 85 of the relay, and if there is a click and the fan does not turn on, change the relay. When installing a jumper between pins 30 and 87 does not turn on the fan, check the integrity of the fuse and the presence of power at the fan terminals. If there is power on one terminal and no power on the other, this indicates a possible malfunction of the fan motor.
Scheme for switching on the cooling fan of an injection engine.
- Connection diagram for a fan with a timer: operating principle and connection order
06/09/2011 “If you notice an error in the text, please highlight this place with the mouse and press CTRL+ENTER” “If the article was useful to you, share the link to it on social networks”
To ensure safe and stable thermal conditions of an internal combustion engine, precise operation of the cooling system is required. The slightest failure will lead to overheating of the engine, which can lead to burnout of the head gasket or failure of the piston group elements.
The radiator fan is one of the key components of the car cooling system. Its role is to promptly force cool the liquid in the radiator. Problems with turning it on are a common occurrence for our cars.
In this article we will talk about possible reasons why the VAZ-2110 cooling fan does not work, and also consider options for eliminating them. But first, let's understand its design and operating principle.
Video - connecting and checking VO
The main function of a fan powered by an electric drive is to maintain normal temperature conditions for the engine of a VAZ 2110 car. The fan is turned on and off automatically using special devices.
On cars with a carburetor engine, a TM-108 thermobimetallic sensor is installed for this purpose; as for injection-type engines, control is carried out using special controllers. The fan, controlled using a thermobimetallic sensor, is turned on when the specified temperature parameters indicated on the body are reached devices. If the fan does not turn on after reaching a certain temperature, this may indicate that the sensor has failed. To carry out the test, the contacts of the thermobimetallic sensor must be closed. If the fan turns on, then the sensor has failed and should be replaced, but if this does not happen, then the next step is to check the fuse and wires in accordance with the diagram provided. The cooling fan of a VAZ 2110 car , equipped with an injection-type engine, is turned on by a complex electronic device - a controller.
Its program involves turning on cooling at certain temperatures, usually 100-105 degrees Celsius. In case the engine temperature sensor fails, there is a special code in the controller's memory that indicates an error. When it appears, the cooling fan starts working when the engine is turned on. Sometimes problems occur that are not provided for by the program. In such a situation, the fan may not work even after the temperature exceeds the maximum. To check the functionality of the circuit and sensor, you will have to remove the connector from the temperature sensor while the engine is running. If the circuit is working and the sensor is working properly, the cooling fan will be connected, and when the connector is returned to its original place, the fan will turn off. If the circuit is faulty, then you should conduct a visual check of the fuse, find out the functionality of the wires and relays. To check the system, you should jumper pins 30 and 87 (fan switch relay), which is located on the passenger seat side. When turning on the fan, without removing the relay from the block, connect pin 86 of the relay and the housing using a test light. In this case, the relay will operate and the fan will turn on. In this way, it can be established that the controller has failed or the wire that connects the relay to pin 46 has become disconnected. In the event that a click was not heard indicating that the relay was turned on, although current flows from the head relay to pin 85, or after the click, the fan does not work, the relay needs to be replaced. If, after installing the jumper between pins 87 and 30, the cooling device does not turn on, you need to check the fuse and the electrical supply to the fan contacts. If there is power on one contact and not on the other, this indicates a possible failure of the electric motor of the ventilation device. In order to maintain the temperature regime of VAZ 2110 engines, a fan is used for cooling; it is usually equipped with an electric drive. The options to turn on and turn off such a fan are controlled automatically. On cars with carburetor engines, the TM 108 sensor is used for this; on cars that have an injection engine, control is carried out using a controller.
Fan control from temperature switching sensors largely depends on the temperature settings of the sensors, which are indicated on the case. As the temperature rises until the sensors are triggered, the fans do not turn on, which requires checking that the sensor is working properly. To check, you should simply close the contacts on the sensors; if this happens, then the sensor should be replaced with a new one. If the fan does not work after shorting the terminals, then it is worth checking the integrity of the supply wires according to the diagrams.
Fan connection diagram in carburetor and injection engines
The control of forced radiator airflow in carburetor and injection engines of the VAZ-2110 is significantly different. Firstly, the fan switch located on the radiator housing is responsible for everything. It is set to a certain coolant temperature. Usually it is 105-107 oC. When the coolant heats up to this temperature, the sensor is triggered, sending a signal to the fan relay. It closes the electrical circuit, driving the electric motor.
- Scheme for switching on the cooling fan VAZ 2107 carburetor
Turning on the cooling fan of a VAZ-2110 with an injection engine occurs somewhat differently. In engines equipped with an electronic control unit, there is no sensor on the radiator. Its place was taken by a temperature sensor located on the thermostat pipe. When the coolant heats up to a temperature of 105-107 oC, it sends a signal directly to the controller, which makes the decision to turn on the fan. It transmits an electrical impulse to a relay, which turns on the electric drive.
Connection schemes
In VAZ 2110 injection and carburetor engines, the TM-108 bimetallic temperature sensor is used in different ways to control turning the fan motor on and off.
For carburetor engines it is located on the radiator on the left in the direction of travel. When the threaded part located directly in the coolant is heated, the bimetallic plate bends and closes the contacts. The voltage from the battery is supplied through a fuse to one contact of the electric motor, the second, when the sensor is triggered, is connected to the housing, setting the impeller in motion.
Fan switching sensor (carburetor VAZ 2110)
For VAZ 2110 and TM-108 injectors, it is located near the thermostat, the signal is sent to the electronic control unit (ECU). The control signal from the ECU is sent to the cooling system fan relay, which, similar to the sensor of a carburetor engine, controls the electric motor.
Injection fan switch sensor
All engines have another device in the cylinder block, the signal of which is used to indicate the coolant temperature on the panel in the cabin.
Before independently repairing the fan switch sensor, it is recommended to understand in detail the design of the cooling system: https://vazweb.ru/desyatka/dvigatel/sistema-ohlazhdeniya-dvigatelya.html
Possible faults
If the VAZ-2110 cooling fan does not work, do not rush to contact a car service center. You can determine the cause of the malfunction yourself. Moreover, it is not at all necessary to have special skills for this.
The cooling system fan may not turn on due to:
- electric drive malfunctions;
- blown fuse;
- faulty thermostat;
- a failed fan switch (temperature);
- faulty relay;
- broken electrical wiring;
- faulty expansion tank plug.
Symptoms of a problem
If the engine boils, and the characteristic hum of the cooling system fan is not heard, then with a high degree of probability one can suspect the presence of a malfunction of the internal combustion engine. The opposite situation, when forced cooling operates as long as the ignition is on, will also indicate a problem with the automation. On a VAZ 2110 injector, a constantly switched on fan sensor may indicate problems with the controller. The control unit could “remember” an error that appeared earlier and, as a result, the electric motor is activated every time it is started.
Periodic turning on and off of the fan when the engine is not yet warmed up is also a sure sign of an imminent failure of the combustion engine.
How to check the thermostat
The function of the thermostat in an internal combustion engine is to regulate the flow of coolant, directing it in either a small or large circle. While the engine is cold, its valve blocks the flow of coolant into the cooling radiator. This allows the engine to warm up faster.
When the coolant warms up, the thermostat valve opens, directing it to the radiator for cooling. If the valve jams, the coolant constantly moves in a small circle, not reaching either the fan switch sensor or the temperature sensor. In this case, the liquid may even boil, but the sensors, being uninvolved in such a circuit, will not work.
Check the thermostat by determining the temperature of its pipes by touch. When the engine is warm, they should all be hot. If the pipe leading from the thermostat to the cooling radiator is cold, the locking device is faulty.
- Installation on VAZ 2108 and 2109 with a low torpedo instrument cluster from 2115
How to check the sensor
One of the most common reasons why the VAZ-2110 cooling fan does not turn on is a non-working sensor for its activation (for carburetor engines) or a temperature sensor (for injection engines). Let's consider ways to check them for different engines.
In a car with a carburetor engine, you must turn on the ignition and short-circuit the two wires going to the sensor. The fan should turn on. If this does not happen, the problem is definitely not with the sensor.
For injection cars, it is necessary to warm up the engine to operating temperature and disconnect the sensor connector, disconnecting it from the vehicle’s on-board network. In this case, the controller must start the fan in emergency mode. The electronic unit perceives this as a failure in the cooling system and forces the fan drive to operate in constant mode. If the drive starts, the sensor is faulty.
How to change the temperature?
Over time, more and more complaints appear about the operation of the cooling fan activation system. The most important design flaw is the lack of several fan operating modes and the abrupt start of its motor . Indeed, in the summer heat the fan has to work at full strength, and this is understandable. However, most often the fan produces excessive performance, which leads to rapid cooling and frequent starts.
This leads to a current overload on the on-board network.
In addition, the starting temperature threshold is too high, so the engine often overheats . Unfortunately, you can only change the fan startup parameters by reflashing the electronic control unit or upgrading the electric motor activation system. Reflashing the ECU is carried out by a competent specialist, and it is possible to set any desired temperature for turning the fan on and off.
Basic methods
Diagram for connecting an additional fan sensor.
There are also several solutions to changing the operating modes of the fan motor. The simplest of them is to install an additional switching sensor from carburetor engines (in the diagram above). It is configured to turn on at a temperature of 97-100 ° C , which will be quite enough. And in order for the fan to operate in this mode at half power, a resistance from the VAZ heater is installed in the circuit.
Sensor. Tee "Gazelle". Additional resistor from UAZ.
Thus, the upgraded fan will have several advantages:
- The fan switch-on temperature is below standard.
- Two operating modes - ½ and full power.
- Less noisy fan operation.
- Less starting load on the on-board network.
- More flexible temperature regime of engine operation.
- The normal mode of turning on the fan is maintained.
Inserting a tee into the section of the upper pipe. Installing a resistor on the fan housing.
In this way, it is possible to modify the control system for the electric cooling radiator fan of the VAZ-2110. Stable temperatures to everyone and good roads!
Checking the cooling fan relay
The most difficult step in troubleshooting a fan is determining the functionality of its relay. It is only relatively possible to establish its serviceability at home. But you also need to know where the cooling fan relay is located.
And it is located in the additional mounting block of the center console. On the lower left side of the front passenger side there is a plastic cover covering the console. To open it, you need to unscrew four screws. There are three relays under the cover. The leftmost one is responsible for turning on the cooling fan. You can check it only by installing a known-good device in its place. After the engine has warmed up to the sensor response temperature, wait for a characteristic click. If the cooling fan relay does not work, you need to check the wiring.
How to check wiring
Finding a broken conductor in a car's electrical circuit yourself is not at all difficult. It is necessary to check (ring) all wires in the indicated areas with a tester.
For carburetor engines:
- from the switch on sensor to the fan;
- from the fan to the mounting block (fuse);
- from the mounting block to the relay.
For injection engines:
- from the main relay to the fan switch relay;
- from the switching relay to the fan and controller;
- from temperature sensor to controller;
- from the fan to the mounting block (fuse).
If a wiring break is detected, it must be restored, as well as the possible cause of the circuit break must be identified and eliminated.
Expansion tank cap
The last reason why the VAZ-2110 cooling fan does not work may be a malfunction of the expansion tank cap. The fact is that when the engine is running, a pressure above atmospheric pressure is created in the cooling system, due to which the water, which is part of the coolant, does not boil at 100 ° C. The expansion tank cap valve is designed to maintain the required pressure. If it fails, the pressure in the system will be equal to atmospheric pressure. This will cause the coolant to begin to boil already at 100 degrees. A sensor designed to turn on at a higher temperature will naturally not work.
It is unlikely that you will be able to check the operation of the cover at home, so if during a visual inspection you have doubts about its functionality, it is better to replace it immediately.
Where is
Drivers who have never encountered a malfunction in forced engine cooling before may not know where the internal combustion engine is located. On a carburetor VAZ 2110, this element of the cooling system is located on the radiator. If the driver finds this part, then he can easily find the fan switch sensor, which is located on the side. A characteristic feature of the product is the electrical wires connected to it. On the injection VAZ 2110, this part can be found on the cylinder block.
The sensor located in this way allows you to respond promptly to changes in coolant temperature. In addition, access to this part is not difficult and you can immediately begin repair or diagnostic measures if there are doubts about its performance.
The principle of operation of the cooling system of the VAZ 2110 injector 16 valves
The design is a closed circuit, inside which coolant is pumped through a centrifugal pump. The radiator releases the temperature generated by the engine into the atmosphere. The sensor installed on the thermostat pipe senses the coolant heating threshold of 105 - 107 degrees Celsius, provides information to the controller. The controller sends a signal to the relay, starting the electric motor of the fan. The radiator honeycombs are blown.
The principle of operation of the cooling system of the VAZ 2110 injector 16 valves: 1 - heater radiator; 2 — coolant drain hose from the heater radiator; 3 — coolant supply hose to the heater radiator; 4 — coolant pump hose; 5 — expansion tank hose; 6 — steam removal hose of the heater radiator; 7 — expansion tank cap; 8 — expansion tank; 9 — thermostat; 10 — coolant drain hose from the engine radiator; 11 — hose for supplying fluid to the throttle assembly; 12 — steam exhaust hose of the engine radiator; 13 — hose for supplying fluid to the engine radiator; 14 — engine radiator; 15 — radiator drain plug; 16 — electric engine radiator fan; 17 — coolant pump; 18 — supply pipe of the coolant pump; 19 — coolant drain hose from the throttle body.
Safety regulations
- Open the expansion tank cap after the engine has cooled down.
- When working under the hood, beware of rotating blades and a hot engine.
- Use auxiliary, serviceable conductors with a cross-section of 2 mm.
- Use standard fuses of the required rating.
- Use a proper tool.
- Insulate “bare” contacts, avoiding short circuits in the electrical wiring.
Possible cooling fan malfunctions
There are seven known reasons why the fan on a VAZ 2110 does not turn on.
- The safety valve of the tank is stuck and not sealed.
- The integrity of the conductors is broken, there is poor contact at the connection points of the circuit elements.
- The fuse link on the control panel has burned out, there is no contact in the fuse sockets.
- The temperature sensor is faulty.
- The relay for turning on the electric fan drive is damaged.
- The fan motor has burnt out.
- The controller is faulty.
Tips and tricks
During the diagnostic operations and replacement procedure, some difficulties may arise that you should be aware of in advance, for example:
- The sensor may be fully operational and the wiring intact, but the fuse installed in this electrical circuit may fail. It is also recommended to replace this part with a new one in order to exclude it from the list of possible “culprits” for the fact that the VAZ 2110 fan does not turn on.
- You can diagnose the fan switch sensor without a multimeter or tester. It is enough to assemble an elementary circuit with a current source, a light bulb and a series-connected DVR, which will serve as a thermal switch.
The process of replacing the DVV VAZ 2110 is simple, so even if you have no experience in performing such work, you can perfectly perform this operation the first time without outside help.
Procedure. Step-by-step instruction
If after completing the next step the problem goes away, further checks are stopped.
- Open the hood.
- Wait for the engine to cool down.
- Make sure that the expander cover elements are in good condition. Remove scale, rust, clear holes, wipe, assemble. The absence of noticeable damage to parts gives hope that the product will work.
Inspect the electrical wiring elements to ensure a reliable connection
Possible factors for damage to electrical circuits:
- vibration;
- oxidation;
- burning;
- breakage, fraying of electrical wires;
- insulation aging, short circuit.
Switch the tester to resistance measurement mode. Remove it with special tweezers and ring the fuse link F7 located in the mounting block.
Fuse box diagram
Attention! It is important to find out and eliminate the cause of burnout.
Replace the burnt-out element with a serviceable one with a rating of 20A. Inspect and clean the nest. Insert fuse.
It was not possible to find out the reason, the protection triggered again - look for a short circuit.
How does the engine cooling system work? Diagram
Disconnect the fan plug. Use a tester to measure the circuit of the electric motor windings. Zero resistance or a break indicate the need to replace the radiator blower electric drive.
Interturn short circuits that cause multiple replacements of fuse links cannot be measured with the device.
Sensor check
Start the car. Pull out the coolant temperature sensor connector. The fan starts working - the sensor needs to be replaced. Secure the disconnected wire. Drive to a nearby service station.
Relay test
There is a hatch on the floor at the front passenger's feet.
Below it is a built-in panel with three relays of the same type:
- fan installation;
- fuel pump;
- ignition (main thing).
By replacing each other, try to start the airflow. The VAZ 2110 fan does not work - go to the next step.
Where is the VAZ 2110 cooling fan relay located?
If you are wondering where the fan relay is located on a VAZ 2110, then this photo below will answer your question and you can easily find where the cooling fan relay is located on a VAZ 2110.
VAZ 2110 fan relay
Check the electric motor
- The only correct solution is to turn on the airflow directly and urgently visit a service station.
- Prevention of breakdowns of the cooling system of the VAZ 2110 injector 16 valves.
- Periodically inspect the components of the cooling system.
- Monitor the cooling temperature on the device, listen to the operation of the fan.
- Maintain coolant level. Replace after 2 years or 30,000 km.
- Use the solution to remove rust and scale.
- Signs of a change in the properties of the coolant are a change in color, an increase in fluidity.
- Check the density with a hydrometer.
- Do not mix coolants.
- Every twelve months, rinse the expansion tank cap with water and check it on a stand with a pressure gauge.
- Avoid contact of aggressive liquids with electrical wiring and electric motor windings.
How to replace
The fastest and easiest way to find out the reason for the fan not turning on or running continuously is to replace the DVV with a known good product. To avoid further confusion, it is not recommended to use used products, as well as sensors purchased from unverified retail outlets.
To carry out work on replacing the internal combustion engine, it is necessary to prepare a new part, a set of wrenches, rags and a container for collecting coolant. The process of removing the old part and installing a new sensor is as follows:
- Place the car on a level surface.
- Disconnect the negative terminal of the battery.
- Unscrew the cap of the expansion tank.
- Disconnect the wires from the DVV.
- Place a wide container under the engine to collect coolant.
- Using a 30mm wrench, unscrew the faulty part.
- Install a new DVV.
- Connect wires to the sensor.
- Pour coolant into the expansion tank.
- Close the lid.
- Connect the battery.
After starting the engine, it must be allowed to run for 15–20 minutes. During this time, the coolant temperature will reach a level at which the thermal relay contacts close and the fan will begin to rotate.
